US1753652A - Hair-cutting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

April 8, 1930. 4 G. GIRARD HAIR CUTTING APPARATUS Filed Feb 25 Patented Apr. 8, 1930 GEORGE-GIRARD, or NEW Yorin, in Y.

HAmcUmT-ING -AiiAnAtrUs' Application alec ,February 25,1923. serial m1256554. i:

This invention relates to hair cutting. apparatus. i

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a hair cutting apparatus of simple l yet thoroughly practical construction, dependable action, and adapted to produce uniform results. Another object is to provide a hair cutting apparatus in which ease and simplicity of operation and control may lbe achieved. Another object is to provide a hair cutting apparatus capable of being. de-V pendably and reliably operated bythe pern v Jthe line ,6 6 of Figure 2,and x son Whose hair it is intended to cut and, increover, adapted thus to achieve uniformity `of action and such a nicetylof precision asis `desired particularly in trimmingthe hair.

Another object is to Vprovide an'apparatus of the above-mentioned character particularly adapted to trim the hair at the lower border portions of the scalp such as the regions adjacent the back of the neck, thel side shown a of the head and both in front and in back of the ear. Another object is toprovide 'anV apparatus of the above-mentioned character e which will be of simple yet thoroughly practical and dependable construction, capableof convenient andrapid -manipulation by the person whose hair is to be cut or trimmed, and well adapted to meet the varying tastes,

styles and conditions of practicaluse. An-

other object is to provide a hair cutting ap-V paratus of the above-mentioned nature that will be of rugged and durable and inexpensive construction and of thoroughly reliable action. Otherl objects will be in part obvious or in part pointed out hereinafter. .i

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangements, of parts as will be exemplified in the structure to be hereinafter described and the scopeof the application of which will be indicated in the following claims. A

In the accompanying drawing in which is tion, i I

YFigure l is a side elevationshowing the v hair cutting apparatus as applied to the head and in readiness for use; j Y

Figure 2 1s a plan viewrof theapparat'us,

tionof the apparatus as showl certain features rfrequently necessary, jneatness of appearance, simply to trim the lbf -hair at such the sides of the head'arid'to ,eitherside ofthe preferredembodiment of my invenik *10, referring* now particularly to Figures 2 on an enlarged 'scalefcertainf partsfbeing ..1 f

Figure 4 is a plan view of thelower porseeiiin" 'Figure 2, certain parts ,being removed `orL broken away: to more clearly; x Figure is a sectional-viewas seen along the line v5 5 of Figure4g i '1* features j of TENT.. p

Figure y6 is a 'sectionalview as; seen `along Figure'fis"a" sectional view on anenlarged scale of a portion of the apparatus'.`e

several viewsof the dravving.4 @I

As', conducive to .at'clearer understanding of certain featuresof this invention,`it might Similar reference characters refer to siinilar parts throughout the at this'point be' notedfthat, 'while it is frejquently necessary to cutpthe hair because of excessive length of growth u throughout 'the entire area of the; scalp,

V-inforder to vmaintain regions vas' the back of the neck, ears...V One of thedoininant aims of'thisfinvention 1s to provide'a simpleaiidv thoroughly isto fbef cutl but which isparticularly adaptedfto simplyftrim the hair `throughoi'it such regions` as those noted above, and,.nioreover,to provide such yetlit'is much more practical apparatusgthatmay beoperated by@ the individual i whosehair an` "app`aratusthat'will dependably cutthef hair to lagraduated length," Y v Referring-now to the '.drawingan'd more particularly to Figure l, the apparatusis generally designated 'at' l0 yand will 'be seen -to be held adjacent "its upper end in spaced t relation from'thehe'adlby i means of a 'suitable f. supporting 'device which V.conveniently in- .cludesY an-adjustableband or strap 1lr preferably,1for example, of leather. The apparatus and 3, inclu'desa frainef'membermade up, of

clearly shown in Figuref, yandi held linjialined bridging member 14 conveniently formed integrally with the rails 12 and 13; the bridging member 14 is provided with an intermediate portion 15 curved as shownin Figure 2 to provide a suitable finger rest.

The rails 12 and 13 are U-shaped in crosssection, as is shown in'Figure 5; this crosssection might be given the rails by pressing or rolling sheet. metal into this form or by cutting into a solid bar appropriate lengthwise-extending slots to form p appropriate guiding ways. The side rail 12 (Figure 2) is toothed along its upper inner edge to form a rack indicated at 16. Slidablymounted in the facing slotsor guideways in the rails 12 and 13 is the bottom cutter plate 17 provided Y with teeth17I along its upper edge, as seen in Figures 2 and 4; this cutter plate 17 is flanged as at 18 and 19 (see Figure) so that the fiange portions 18 and 19 ride ywithin the guideways of the rails 12 and 13 and so that the plane of the cutter plate 17 is adjacent to or substantially underneath the lower edges of the rails 12 and 13, as seen in Figure 5. superimposed upon the cutter plate 17 is an upper and coacting cutter plate 2O provided with teeth 20a along its upper vedge and substantially above the teeth 17 a of the lower cutter plate 17. The cutter plate 2O is of less width than the lower cutter plate 17 asl will be clear` from Figures 2,14 and 5, and is slotted as at 21 and 22; through these slots 21 and 22 are passed the studs y23 and 24 respectively, the studs being appropriately secured` to the lower cutter plate 17 and being conveniently threaded thereinto. The

l .studs 23 and-24 holdthe. cutter plate 2O in coacting relation to the cutter plate 17 while the slots 21 and 22 per-mit lateral movement of the upper cutter plate .'20 relative Ato the lower cutter plate 17, so that the overlapping teeth of these two plates can coact in the cutting or severing of hair.

The lower cutter plate `17 has Y rigidly v'mounted therein a stud shaft 25 .(see particu- 'larly Figure 5), the studshaft extending upwardly through a horizontally extending slot 526 in the cutter plate 20, the slot 26 perfree reciprocating movement ofthe kcutter plate 2O and the stud shaft 25 assisting mitting in guiding the cutter plate 20 relative to the cutter plate 17. Rotatably mounted upon the stud shaft 25 is a pinion 27 meshing and coacting with the rack 16 in the side rail 12; the pinion 27 has superimposed upon it and connected with it a relatively large gear .28 which is adapted to mesh with andl drive a smaller gear 29 (and hence at a greater speed than that of the pinion 27 The gear 29 is fixed to a shaft 30 the upper end of which is rotatably vsupported in a suitable bearing provided in the casing v31 to be more clearly hereinafter described andthe lower end of which `is rotatably supported in the lower cutter secured thereto 17 is moved alond the uideways in the side rails 12 and 13 it carries the upper cutter Aplat'e'2() with it and at the same time the engagement'between the rack 16 and pinion 21 effect a relatively high speed of rotation of the eccentric 32 and the latter thus effects a relatively high Y speed of reciprocating movement ofthe ycutter plate 2O relative to the lowercutter plate 17 I The cutter plate 2Ov is cutaway yasfatv35 (see Figure 4) s o as to expose an appropriate portion of the lower cutter plate 17; upon this exposed portion of the latter there is secured, as by means of the screws 34, the casing member 3.1 hereinabove mentioned.` The casing member 31 ispreferably made of sheet metal, extends over the driving mechanism to provide suitable supports'for the upper ends of the shafts 25 and l30 and, moreover, is flanged so as to overlap the driving mechanism and substantially encase the latter. Moreover, the screws 34 permit the ycasing 31 to be readily detached whereupon the driving mechanism may be quickly disassembled for repair or replacement.

Y inger piece'36 preferably of a generally tubular shape, as is Vclearly vshown in Figures 2, 3 and 6, and otherwise appropriately shaped and curvedto permit the ready insertion therein yof afinger, preferably the thumb. The length of theapparatus is preferably such that, as viewed in Figures 2 Vand 3y for example, the thumb of one hand may be inserted into thetubular finger piece 36 and a finger of the same hand placed against the fingerpiece 15, the drawing of the thumb toward the finger effecting an upward movement of theY apparatus along the guideways 'of the side rails 12 and13,pwith the driving action ofthe cutter or clipping mechanism as above described. Thelower ends of the side rails 12 andV 13 are' securely held in spaced relationbymeans ofa cross-bar 37 by screws '38 and' 39, this cross-bar 37 beingsecuredin position after the cutting mechanism hasmbeen assembled relative withtheside rails 12 and 13 and Vacting to hold the parts in, such assembled relation. f

Coacting with the cutter plates 17 20 is a comle'40 preferablymade of relatively thin sheet metal and extending underneath the cutter plate 17 this-comb 40 has thefor'ward portion of its teeth curved, as indicated at 402I in Figure 3,'in a direction toward and around the coacting teeth of the two cutter plates. 'The combV 40 is pivotally mounted bolt 50 is a spring 51.

as at 41 to a platemember 42wliich is detachably secured as by screws 43 and 44 to the lower upstanding portions? of the casing 3l and the thumb'piece 36,v the plate member 42 thus extending against and along the lower edge of the cutter plate 17. The sheet metal of the comb is bent and bifurcated at 40b so as `to extend into and about the annular groove. 45 on the shank of a thumb screw 46, the latter being threaded into the plate member 42. Thus'byadjusting the thumb screw 46 relative to the plate 42 the comb 40 may be adjustably positioned about the axis of its pivot 41 and thus the spacing of the comb 40 from the cutter plates (see Figure 3) maybe predetermined at will. j

The upper end of the `bridge member 14 with two upwardas at 47a and 48a respectively to permit the arms 47 and 48 to yield. Received between the upper ends of the arms 47 and 48 is a member 49 held in place by means of a bolt 50 passing through the arms 47 and v48 as well as through the member 49, the adjacent contacting faces ofthe arm 47 and memberl 49 beingtoothed as indicated in Figure 2, while interposed'between the nut 50FL ofthe The spring 51 is of sufticient strength to insure that the member 49 is gripped between the yieldable arms 47 and 48 and yet may yield to permit the member 49 to be manually adjusted or swung out a substantial extent.

f with a knurled tions the auxiliary band 60 wise secured at its ends to about the axis of the bolt 50, the interengaging teeth acting to hold the member 49 into whatever position it is thus adjusted. The member 49 (see Figure 3) is provided with a transversely extending and preferably integrally formed member 52 preferably of tubular shape andV interiorly threaded through- The threaded member 52 is adapted to receive the threaded end of a member 53, the latter being provided wheel 54 so that the member 53 can be manually rotated and provided further with a ball 55 adapted to be received Within the socket portion 56 of a sheet metal member 57 so as to 'form substantially a ball and socket c 57 more clearly shown in'Figures 2 and 3, is provided with a pair of slots 58 and 59 through which a band 60, preferably of leathl er, is adapted to be passed. The band 6 0 is superimposed upon the main supporting or attaching band 1l but is of lesser width than the latter. Y

The auxiliary band 60 isa suicient length to extend, when the band member 11 is applied to the head substantially as shown in Figure 1, from substantially one side of the head, then the other side of the head. At theseside poris sewed'or otherthe main bandll,

'in Figure l. The

Y bers 53-52, the hand wheel f will take'a position for joint. The sheet metal memberY .the two cutter hand is thereupon the temple onaround the back -1 of the head to substantially the temple onasis'indicated at 61 in VFigure 1:. The plate member 57 maytthus Vbe adjusted along the auxiliary band'60 when the apparatus' is inv operative position, asshownin Figure l', but it is to be noted that anyIsliding-adjustment given the plate member 57 relative to the auxiliary band 60 may be accomplished'without causing the plate member 57 to interfere with, catch, or disarrange'the hair, since the main band 11 is interposed between the plate member 57 and the'hair.

. In the vuse of the apparatus the hair is iirst combed or brushed downwardly and theband member 1l with the apparatus attached thereto as hereinabove described is then attached to the head substantially as shown band` 1l is lpreferably Vso positioned and adjusted that the cutting mechanism, when .positioned at Vthe lower ends ofzthe Vside rails 12-13 rests well beneath the lower or extreme growth of hair, while a final adjustment to bring the cutting mechanism, when thus at the lowerends lof the side rails 12-13, into the desired lowermost position, may beachieved by increasing vupwardly along the rails 12-13.v Moreover, the upper ends of the si'de rails 12-13may be 'z adjustably positioned toward or away from the back of the head as by lengthening or shortening the linkage formed by the mem- 54 making possible a rapid achievement of The adj usting'screw 46 see particularly Fgure 3) may be adjusted so that the comb 40 example substantially flush against the underside of the lower cutting plate 16, `but the ofthe teeth of the comb 40 will be seen to curve around the relatively sharp edges of plates and thus prevent the cutter teeth or the edges of the latter from digging into the scalp. 'The thumb of oneplaced in thethumb piece 36 and a linger of the same hand then placed upon the linger piece 15. Thereupon the thumb is brought toward the Vfinger and there is thus-effected an upward cuttingmechanism' along the curved side rails 1-2-13, the driving mechanism hereinabove described causing an appropriately rapid reciprocation of the cutter plate 2O` relative to the cutter plate17 toeect a cutthis adjustment. f L

Upper curved, ends 40@ movement of the gear 29. The hub is cut away as ting of the hair as this movement of translation is brought about. During this upward movement of the cutting mechanism the comb 40 acts `to guidethe hair into the coacting teeth' of the cutter plates and acts in eect to substantially stand the hair up on end and thus bring the latter into the desired coacting relation to the cutter teeth. These latter actions may be achieved without the use of the` comb 40, the teeth of the cutter plates themselves being relied upon to achieve this action. However, I prefer to use the comb 4() due to certain other advantages achievable thereby. l

Moreover, as the cutting mechanism moves upwardly along the guiderails 12-13, it is brought progressively farther away from the scalp, aswill be clear from Figure l, so that the hairis cut with nicety and uniformity to gradually increasing lengths, permitting it to merge gradually into the length of the hair near the upper portions of the head where it need not be cut. Also, it is to be noted that the cutting mechanism is brought into action very close to the skin at the back ofthe neck so that the desired edect at those portions may befdependably achieved. Y After the cutting mechanism has been moved upwardly preferably throughout the entire length of the guide rails 12-13, the close proximity of the thumb piece 36 to the finger piece l5 makes possible the secure gripping and manual control of the entire apparatus, whereupon it is given a slightsideways movement along the supporting bands 11-60 and preferably throughout a distance somewhat less than' the width of the cutter plates so that upon the next upward traversing movement ofthe mechanism the latter will operate throughout a region immediately adj acentthat region just cut. It will be understood, of course, that this sideways movement may be otherwise achieved than by holding the apparatus by means of the mem-' bers 36 and 15.

The member 36 is preferably tubular so that a downward movement of the thumb will be effective to move the cutting mechanism downwardly along the guide rails l2-.-13 and bring thecutting mechanism to the lowermost ends Vof thel guide rails and in readiness-for. a succeeding cutting traverse.

'During the downward movement of the cutting mechanism and in order to facilitate this downward movement, I prefer not toreciprocate the cutter plate 20 relative to the cutter plate 17. This I prefer to achieve by connectingthe gear 29 (Figure 5) to the shaft 30 (which carries the eccentric 32) by means of a ratchet mechanism which may conveniently be of the form shown on a 'large scale in Figure 7. YThe latter figure shows in section the shaft 30 and the hub ofthe at'29a in `tion'29a gradually tapering `be seen thatthe apparatus is ymeans `direction along which-the mechanism is to lbe away portion 29a a sulficientspace to receive loosely a band or roller `62, the cut away portoward itsother endinl a direction towardthe shaft 30. As the gear 29 is thus rotated in clockwise direction as seen in both Figures 2 and 7, in response to its actuation by the rack land intermediate mechanism, the ball or roller 62 is wedged between the hub ofthe gear 29 and the shaft 30 and the latter is thus brought into rotation but as the cutting mechanism is moved downwardly along the guide rails 12-13 the gear 29 will be rotated in counter-clockwise direction and the ball or rollerk 62 released from its wedging action so that the gear 29 may freely rotate relative to the shaft 30, the latter thus remaining stationary.

During thev cutting action of the mechanism the casing 31 effectively encloses the driving mechanism and protects the latter against the cut hair. Also, I may adjust the comb 4() by means of the thumb screw 46 (see Figure 3) so as to interpose between the scalp and the cutters any desired distance.t

and thus predetermine the minimum length to which the hair will be cut. f This adjustmentI find particularly advantageous in cutting the hair to either side of the ears where it is oftimes, desired to avoid cropping the ,j

hair too closely to the scalp. j

It will thus Vbe seen that there has been provided in this invention an apparatus in.

which the several objects hereinabove noted,

together with many thoroughly practicah achieved. It will ofy simple but thoroughly practical constructiomis easily and readily operatedby the person whose hair it is desired to advantages, are effectively changes might be made in the embodiment above set matterY hereinbefore set forth or shown in the accompanying drawingv is to be interhave cut and, moreover, is capable of thoroughly dependable and uni- .110 `As many possible embodiments may be made'of the above invention and as many forth, it is to be understood that all preted asillustrative and vnot in a limiting f sense.

I claim Y 1. In hair cuttingapparatus, in combination, a hair cutting mechanism, guiding for guiding' said mechanismin the traversed for hair cutting and adapted to be applied to the head, said mechanism being movable along said guiding means, and

is spaced from the scalp at its upper end, whereby, upon movement ofv the cutting mechanism along said guidingmeans, said mechanism cuts the hair shorter at the lower border portions of the scalp than at the upper portions thereof; n Y

2. In hair cutting'apparatus, in combination, a hair cutting mechanism, guiding means therefor adapted to be applied to the head, means for holding said guiding means in operative relation toV the head so that said guiding means is close to the scalp adjacent the lower border portions of the latter and is spaced from the scalp at its upper end, and means responsive to movement of said cutting mechanism along said guiding means for actuating the mechanism.

3. In hair cutting apparatus, in combination, a hair cutting mechanism, guiding means therefor adapted to be applied to the head, means for holding said guiding means in operative relation to the head so that said guiding means is close to the scalp adjacent the lower border portions of the latter and is spaced from the scalp at itsupper end, said cutting mechanism comprising two cutter plates one of which is reciprocable relative to the other, and means .responsive to movenient of said Vcutting mechanism along said guidingmeans for reciprocating one cutter plate relative to the other.

4. In hair cutting apparatus, in combination, a hair cutting mechanism, guiding means therefor adapted to be applied to the head, means for holding said guiding means in operative relation to the head so that said guiding means is close tothe scalp adjacent the lower border portions of the latter and is spaced Jfrom the scalp at its upper end, said cutting mechanism .comprising two cutter plates one of which is reciprocable relative to the other, a rack associated with said vguiding means, agear carried by 'said cutting mechanism and coacting with said rack, and means driven by said gear for reciprocating -one cutter plate relative to the other.

5. In hair cutting apparatus, in combination, a Y hair cutting mechanism, guiding means therefor adapted to be applied to the head, means for holding said guiding means in operative relation tothe head so that sait guiding means is close to the scalp adjacent the lower border portions of the latter and is spaced from the scalp at its upper end, said cutting mechanism comprising two cutter platesone of which is reciprocable relative to the other, a rack associated with said guiding means, a gear carried by said cutting mechanism andv coacting with said rack, and an eccentric driven by said gear for reciprocating one cutter plate relative to the other.

6. In hair cutting apparatus, in combination, a hair cutting mechanism, guiding means therefor adapted to be applied to the head, means for .holding said guiding means in operative relation to the head so that said guiding means is close tothe scalp adjacent the lowe` border portions of the latter and is spaced from the scalpat its upper end, said cutting mechanism comprising two cutter platesV one of Awhich is reciprocable relative to the other, and means responsive to movement of Vsaid cutting'mechanism along said guiding means 1n one direction for reciproeating one cutter plate relative to the other but adapted to prevent reciproca'tion thereof when said cutting mechanism ismoved in reverse direction alongsaid guiding means. 7. In hair cutting apparatus,in combination, a hair. cuttingmechanism' therefor adapted to be applied to the lhead, means for holding said guiding means in operative relation tothe head so that said guiding means is closeto the scalp adjacent 80 ,guiding means `the lower border portionsof. the latter and is spaced from the scalp at its upper-end, said cutting mechanism comprising two cutter plates oneof which is reciprocable relative to the other, lmechanism including a rotatable member for reciprocating one cutter plate Y relative to the other andresponsive to movement of saidv cuttingmechanism along said guiding means, and means for preventing operation of said rotatable member when said cutting mechanismy is moved in one direction along said guiding means.

8. In hair cutting apparatus, in combination, a hair cutting mechanism, guiding means therefor adaptedto becapplied tothe y head, means for holding said guiding means in operative relation to thevhead so vthat said,V

vguiding means is close to the scalp adjacent tothe other, a rack associated with said i, vguidlng means, a gear carried by saidfcuttingfmechanism and rotatable'bysaid rack as sa1d mecha-msm 1s moved along sa1d guiding means, 'an eccentric for reciprocating l 15 Y tion, a hair cutting mechanism,guiding means 'one cutter plate relativetothe other, and130 Y .ative ,to theother. A'.

eccentric from said gear,

10.7In hair cutting apparatus, in combination, a hair cutting mechanism, guiding means for guiding said mechanism in the direction along vvliich the mechanism is to be ,tra-versed orhair cutting and adapted to be applied to the head, meansfor holding said guiding means in operative relation to the head so `that said guiding means is close to the ,scalpadjacentthe lower'border portions of the. latter and is spaced fro'mthe scalp at its upper end, andmeans for varying :at Will the' spacing* of the upper end of said guiding meansfrom thescalp.` i y v 11. In hair cuttingapparatus, kin combi# nation, a hair cutting mechanism,- guiding means forlguidingsaid mechanismV infthe direction along, which the; mechanism :is to be traversed for hair ,cutting and adapted to be applied to the head, means for holding saidguiding means in operativerela tion to the head .so that said guiding means is close to the scalp adjacent the lower border portions of thelatter and'is spaced from the scalp at its upper end, said cutting mechanism comprisingtvvo cutter plates one oi' which is reciprocable relativetof the other, and means for.preventirng:said` cutting plates from digginginto the scalp. j 1

12'. lIn hair l'cutting apparatus, in combination, a lia-ir cuttingmechanism, guiding means comprising a pairl'of spaced members along which said mechanism. is'moved and adapted to be applied to 'the' head means orvholding said guiding means inoperative relation to the head so thatsaid guiding means is close to the scalpadj acent. the lower border portionswoi'gthe-` latter and is spaced romthe scalp at. its upper end, said cutting mechanism comprising'tvvo `cutter plates one of which is reciprecablerelative tothe other,

and afcomb curved about the cutting .teeth of saidcutter plates,movable Withvsaid mechanism, and vrpositioned onthat lside o said spaced,memberstovvardtheheads,1 I f 13. VIn.haircutting vrapparatus, in combination, means forming-a supportingfand. guiding 4trame -and provided "vvithtwospaced guide rails, said meansbeing adaptedv tobe applied.v .to the lie ad,f` cutting Lmechanism slidablyf guided by said. guiderails v'and including tv vofcoacting'y cutting members one of, which is movable relative: tov the other, a fingerv piece. at the ujpperj end of saidf frame, athumb piece carried by said cutting'mechanism, andmeansresponsive to movement of said cutting mechanism along said guide rails for moving' one of said: cuttingmembers rel- 14. In `hair cutting apparatus, inI combination, a lhair cutting mechanism, guiding means thereforwand along which said cutting yfor holding said guiding means in operative relation to the latter.

15. In hair cutting apparatus, in combination,.. a lhair cutting mechanism, guiding means therefor and along which said cutting mechanism ismoved, means including a band yadapted to be passed about the head for holding said guiding means in operative relation to the latter, and means for predetermining g atV Willthe spacing ot' said .guiding means from the head.

16. In hair cutting apparatus, in combination,` a hair cutting, mechanism, guiding means therefor and along which said cutting mechanism is moved, means including a band adapted to be Vpassed about the head forv holding said guiding means in operative ,relation to the latter, and an adjustable link connecting said guiding means to said band c and adapted to permit predetermination of the spacing of said guiding means from the head.

17. In hair cutting apparatus, in combination, a cutting mechanism, guiding means Y therefor and along Which said mechanism is movable, means Jfor holding said guiding means in operative relation to the head including a bandmember adapted to be passed about the head and a connection between said guiding means and'said band member adapted to permit the latter to be adjustably moved along said band member.

18. In hair cutting apparatus, in combination, therefor and along Which said mechanismis movable, lmeans for holding said guiding means in operative relation to the head including a bandmember adapted to be passed a cutting mechanism, guiding rmeans about the head, a second band member super- Y.

imposed upon the first band member, and a connection between said ,guidingv means and said second band member adapted to permit said guiding meansto be adjustably positioned along said band member.

In testimony whereof, I havesigned myV name to this speciticationthis 23rd dav of mechanism isj movedgand means including a bandY adapted to be -passed about the head

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