US1753303A - Roofing - Google Patents

Description

Patented Apr. 8, 1930 UNITED STATES nicnas!) s REYNOLDS,

PATENT o-FFl'cE F LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOB T0 UNITED STATES FOU: COMPANY, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY BOOFING' Application led October 26, 1925. Serial No. 84,887.

The present invention relates to roofing materials such as shingles, roofing strips, and the like. The invention is directed to the provision of a roofing element of an improved '5, structure and composition, which is unaf- :Eected by climatic or weather conditions, and

which will not warp, shrink or expand detrimentally. In illustrated embodiments, it is substantially fire and verminfprqpf, is light in weight, possesses excellent heat insulating properties, may be cut and nailed, and may be economically manufactured from inexpensive materials and installed at low cost.

The objects set forth are attained by the provision of a Tooling element comprising a base, a moldable body, anda metallic coating upon this bodyy and adhering thereto, the body to be applied tothe base in a number of different ways. f

The base employed may be of a composition which may be molded into form and hardened; it may be wood; it may be a laminated structure; infact, it may be of any sheet material which should be thoroughly dry so that it will not warp, and which may be sawn as may be necessary for laying and which has body suicient to be nailed in position.

A body particularly suitable for the present invention is one comprising relatively a0 thin boards which do not make good lumber because of the presence of knots or knot holes ory both. Such a base is not expensive and if thoroughly dry when prepared, is non-warping. Wood tends to make a roof more desirable by conserving in cold weather the heat within the building on whichl used,` and resisting the radiation of heatijii hot Weather.

It willA not deteriorate to any great extent` should defects in the metallic coating existg' 44o and the fact that it will notreadily warp when employed in this manner increases the endurance and life of the roof under the most severe exposure.

'Ihev coating for the base is a combination,

e5 in suitable proportions, of paper and asphalt. The paper is saturated with asphalt and is particularly suitable as a body for a metal roofing sheet to be applied to wood, because its coeilicient of expansion with variations in temperature and moisture is practicallyzero.

- invention changes of temperature e low so as to elimi-l nate the dan er of detaching the metal coat- \ing from suc lbody as a result of expansion and contraction of the metal with changes of temperature. Theexpansion of the wood base is practically nil, also.

The base may be of any form suitable for application of the bod and metal covering to a roof; preferably, t e base is shapedinto the form of a rectangular shingle of decreasing thickness as its top is approached. This is not a necessary requirement to the success of the invention, however.

The body of saturated `paper has a coating of metal applied to it in such amanner as to cause it to adhere directly to the surface of the body. A most eicient metal is zinc, rolled into sheets. For the'purpose ofap lying such a body to the sheet zinc, the surace of the metal is brought into intimate contact with the saturated paper. Heat or pressure or both may be applied. The asphalt possessses an adhesiveness suiicient to hold the body and sheet metal to ether.

lThe metal applied to t e body, and the body a plied to the base, allows for the irregularit1es ofthe base, and becomes, for the closely adherent thin metallic coating, a protection as well as a reinforcement for the base.`

Several embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

Figurel is an elevational view partly in section showing my improved roofing element applied to a standard roof.

Figure 2 1s a plan view of a strip which is l an element wherein modifications in the grouping of the ployed. J

Like reference characters are used to desi ate similarparts in the drawing and in t e description which follows.

Reference should be had to the details of Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings. numeral 10 designates the section of. a roof of a building over the gable end upon which roof my improved roofing has been placed.

parts of the element are `em- The roofing is designated 11 and comprises.

a middle or Wide section 12, an upper section 13 and a lower section 13". In this particular embodiment, there is no base. The metal ortion is designated M and the body or packing by the letter P. The edge or the lower section 13b of strip 12 is turned under. The upplr strip or section 13 is turned over and bac Strip 12 may be made in rolls of material having longitudinal scores like those shown'l in Figure 2, and having a cross section as illustrated in Figure 3. The scoring 14 at the lower edge of the material is to permit ready folding under of section 12, and that, 15, at the upper edge permits the turning of the section 13 upwardly and over. When so made, cuts of proper length are removed from the roll and laid in the manner shown in Figure 1, the articulations in the material being made subsequent to cutting it to a proper length.

Naturally, the material illustrated in Figure 1 may be cut in predetermined lengths during the process of manufacture, and such predetermined lengths may be secured, when desired, to a Wooden or other base before being laid. The coating may be adhesively or otherwise applied to such base.

In Figure 1, the method of oining strips is principally illustrated. For example, section 13'* of an upper strip 11 is secured to section 13b of the contiguous lower strip `1l, so that the sections 13a and 13b interlock and prevent leakage in the jointure therebetween. Nails 16 may be driven through sections 13"L and 13b before the upper strip is articulated upon the score 15. v

The precise physical operation of laying is unimportant, but -no matter how laid, there is economy of operation in employing the material illustrated. and when the material is supplied in rolls, there is not only a marked saving in freight and in production costs, but also inthe labor for laying. for there is nothing for the mechanic to do but cut the material to proper length and nail. Nails 16 disposed as they are illustrated avoid leakages and present upon the roof anunbroken slanting surface of strips which is free from punctures.

The body P permits of making a very tight seam between strips. This material P is compressible, being paper saturated with asphal- The. l

tum, and therefore lends itself to sealingthe joint. The asphaltum in the paper provldes cohesiveness which will cause the abutting y sections of the paper to eventually unite from mere contact. The application of heat to the metal will tend -to hasten such unison of the backing P.

It is proper to describe a modified forni'of this embodiment of the invention. A most serviceable roof comprises a plurality of strips M united at their joints by a low meltingsolder. AIn fact a thin sheet of solder may be used as a backing, making it possible to seal the seamsbetween interlocking sections by mere external application of heat by blow torch or otherwise.

.A joint between strips having a paper or other backing may be sealed by cementing with a waterproof glue.

In Figures 4, 5 and 6, a base W is shown. This is a strip of wood like or comprising a weather board, a shingle, or another relatively thin member, and which may be wedge, shaped as illustrated, or otherwise.

In Figure 4, the strip W is but partly covered by a metal sheet M upon a body P. The covering for the strip W comprises a body 20, afolded under loose or unattached extension 21 at the bottom thereof, and a folded back portion or section 22 at the top. The metal M and backing P extend but part of the way toward the top of strip W, and the metal and backing are arranged to interlock in the same manner as the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3. In this arrangement, nails may be driven through the strip W and need not be inserted through the metal M or paper P. This provides a series of unpunctured metal strips as the exposed surface of the roof. A

In Figures 5 and 6, a completely covered strip is shown. Upon a Wood or other base W, are two separate and independent cut portions of material, 31 and 32, the body P and the covering M.' The major portion of each cut section 31 and 32 of the coating of P and M is upon the iiat side of the strip W, both sections 3l and 32 having extension portions. The extension portion 33 of the material 31 at the top extends downwardly and underneath the strip W where it provides a loose fiap, and the bottom portion of material 32 has an extension section extending upwardly and over the top'of strip W to provide the loose flap 34.

In laying the strips W shown in Figure 4, the flaps 33 and 34 are made to interlock, and the nails or other means used to secure the strips W may be driven through the interlocked flaps 33 and 34, and the lower strip W. Leakage could not possibly occu'r` with such a secure jointure as described, and an entirely coveredy strip posseses `marked ad Vantages of long life and great strength, while the core W of such a roofing material may be of unsightly wood or other material, and of said strips at the interlocking edges therehence cheaply procured. It may be so full of and about said fasteners responsive to the of knots and knot holes that it would be useapplication of the pressure applied thereto ful for no other purpose. during laying. 5 In Figure 6, the strip W provides a core, v RICHARD S. REYNOLDS. o

and parts 4l, 42, 43 and 44 correspond to the parts 31, 32, 33 and 34 of Figure 5. At the inner ends of the cut sheets 41 and 42, respectfully, are extensions 45 and 46, whichl cover the narrow edges of strip W. These 75 extensions, 45 and 46, thus provide a more complete protection for the core W and great er strength for the complete unit. The manner of laying the strip shown in Figure 6 is the same as described for the strip illusa0 trated in Figure 5.

It should be quite manifest that all the forms which the inventionmay take are not illustrated in the single sheet of drawing,

hence, there is no intention to be limited to 35 the precise embodiments shown in this application, but on the contrary, to be bound only by the limitations, expressed in the appended claim.

It is worthy of note that the roofing ma- 9o terial may be laid without puncture. When punctured, the perforated part is remote from exposure to rain water or thawing snow or ice. As illustrated, the expansion and contraction due to changes in temperature are 95 negligible, because zinc is the preferred metal coating, and because the metallic sheet is relatively thin. There are no exposed edges when the roof is laid. The material is economical to make. Only v 100 the lowest grades of wood need be employed and the metal coating exceedingly thin. There is no rust or oxidation of Azinc vto cause it to become thin or leaky, and it is seemingly everlasting. A 105 I claim:

i roofing strip adapted to be made'in rolls comprising a pliable but relatively thick treated fabric body portion, and a relatively thin metallicsheetof the same width as said 110 body and adhering to the surface of said body portion, said body portion and said sheet having parallel longitudinal `complemental scores providing edge sections adapted to be articulated to interlock `with the 115 adjacent articulated edge sections ofl strips of like material to etl'ect a weatherproof joinder therebetween, the texture of the laminated and scored strip being such that when 12o overlapping and interlocking edge sections, said body portion maybe unarticulated or in angular position `in relation to Asaid edge section so as to uncover the interlocked edge 'i 125 section of contiguous strips, the material of said body extending over such fasteners when said strip is in its articulated and laid position, the body portion being treated with n. material effective to create a. hermetic seal no fasteners are being inserted through said 4/

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