US1745204A - Device for effecting heat interchange - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 28; 1930. w, s, ow- 1,745,204

DEVICE FOR EFFECTING HEAT INTERCHANGE Filed April 11, 1924 Patented Jan. 28, 1930 PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM SPENCER ,BOWEN,=OF JNEW .YORK, N. Y.

DEVICE FOR nrrno'rme HEKT INTERCHANGE Application filed April 11,

This invention relates to a device for effecting heat interchange between an explosive or combustible gaseous mixture and a fluid to be heated. The invention has for its foremost object the efficient generation of steam for power purposes but it is in no wise limited to this or any other particular application of the principle of heat transfer.

Another object of the invention is the construction of a heater of the immersion type in which the heat from the burning or exploded gas is transferred to the surrounding fluid by radiation as well as by conduction.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of means for abruptly changing the direction of flow of a heated gas or gases in a conduit whereby the conduit will be rendered radiant at the points of abrupt change in I direction, by direct contact of the heated medium With the Walls of the conduit at these points.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a burner in which the incoming charge of combustible or explosive mixture is preheated directly by the heat of the previous charge as well as by the counter-current flow of the hot exhaust products.

Other objects will appear as the descrip tion develops.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a section in elevation showing one form of my invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-section taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Referring to the drawings, and first to that form of the invention disclosed in Figures 1 and 2, the numeral 1 represents the wall of a mixing chamber into which the ingredients of a combustible mixture are separately admitted through the gas inlet 2 and the air inlet 3. The combustible mixture then passes into a flared combustion chamber t which is preferably formed with a narrow neck or orifice 5 communicating with the mixing chamber. A spark plug 6 is suitably arranged with the electrodes thereof exposed within the combustion chamber. An exhaust conduit or tube 7 leads from the combustion chamber to any desired point and preferably delivers the exhaust products to a turbine,

1924. Serial No. 705,919.

not'shown, or other source "of power production.

A boiler 8 surrounds the combustion chamber and that part of the exhaust conduit which lies a'dj acent thereto. "Said boiler has awater inlet 9 and a steam outlet 10, the latter-leadingto any suitable engine or other steam utilizing device. An annular shell or tube 11 is arranged within the boiler and spaced both from the wall of the boiler and the exhaust conduit and terminates to pro videa steam space-in the upper end of the boiler with its upper edge slightly above the water level of the boiler. Said shellisopen at the top, and at the bottom isprovided with ports 12. The object of the shell is to separate the contents of the'boiler into relativelyhot inner and cold outer layers, the hot inner layer rising by convection and flowing'over the top ofthe shell and the cold outer layer descending by convection and flowing throughthe ports 12 to take the place of the rising heated layer. The shell 11 preferably terminates just above the water level within the'boiler. To prevent the foam which is due to ebullition of theheated layerfroln mixing with the steam-and being carriedout through the steam outlet-1O a foam deflector 13 is provided which preferably closely surrounds the exhaust conduit and overhangs the upper open-end ofthe shell 11 andthe concentric space between the two shells.

A refractory deflector 1 1 is positionedwithin the exhaustpipe adjacent the combustion chamber and in the zone of the shell 11,said deflector comprising a body formed with a spiral fin. The object of this deflector is twofold. In the first place, it sets the exhaust gas whichflows past it into a whirling motion which by centrifugalforce scours away the residual layer of comparatively cool exhaust gas which lingers, due to skin friction, against the wall of the exhaust conduit. Thisgreatly quickens the rate of heat interchange between the wall .of the 1 exhaust pipe and the layer of'water within the shell 11. Secondly the refractory deflector becomes red hot andthcn radiates heat against the wall of the exhaust pipe, elevating the temperature of the latter and further increasing the rate of heat interchange.

This embodiment of my invention can be operated in two ways, either by a merely combustible mixture or one of the proportions of which render it explosive. Where the mixture is merely combustible, it burns continually within the combustible chamber 4 after having once been ignited by the spark plug. In this instance the pressure of the ex aust product would be comparatively low. When the mixture is explosive the refractory deflector is heated by a succession of explosions. it being necessary in this case to connect a timer, not shown, to the spark plug and fire the mixture at regular intervals. When the explosion takes place the unburned portion of mixture is driven back temporarily through the orifice 5, a violent heat being imparted to the refractory deflector and the exhaust products possessing considerable pressure and, therefore, power possibilities.

It is obvious that the specific details of construction and configuration of parts described herein may be modified in various ways without sacrificing the advantages of the invention or departing from the scope thereof as defined in the appended claims.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a steam generator, a cylindrical outer boiler casing having an inlet and an outlet at opposite ends respectively, two telescopic tubes mounted concentrically of and within said casing and spaced apart adjacent the overlapping portions thereof, the inner tube forming the exhaust conduit, the outer tube being in communication at both ends with the chamber formed by the inner tube and the casing and terminating approximately above the water level of the casing, a combustion chamber disposed concentrically of the lower end of the outer tube and in communication with and sealing the lower end of the inner telescoped tube, and a foam deflector mounted upon the inner tube above the upper end of the outer tube and overhanging the space between the inner and outer tubes.

2. In a steam generator, a cylindrical outor boiler casing having an inlet and an outlet at opposite ends respectively, two telescopic tubes mounted concentrically of and within said casing and spaced apart adjacent the overlapping portions thereof, the inner tube forming the exhaust conduit, the outer tube being in communication at both ends with the chamber formed by the inner tube and the casing and terminating approximately above the water level of the casing, a combustion chamber disposed concentrically of the lower end of the last tube and in communication with and sealing the lower end of the inner telescoped tube, and an internal deflector WILLIAM SPENCER BOWEN.

Images