US1741206A

US1741206A - Motor fuel

Info

Publication number: US1741206A
Application number: US71436A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomas H Stackhouse
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1925-11-25
Filing date: 1925-11-25
Publication date: 1929-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 1946-12-31

Description

Patented Dec. 31, 1929 THOIAS H. STACKHOUSE, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE Io Drawing.

PATENT OFFICE moron rum.

The object of my invention is to provide a motor fuel having anti-knock qualities.

" More specifically. stated, the object of the invention is to utilize gasoline. as the main constituent of the motor fuel and add thereto a material which, without perceptibly impairing any known quality of gasoline that contributes to its efliciency as a motor fuel, will impart to itvthe anti-knock qualities desired. To produce a commercially practic'able result, several requirements must be met. The material added must be in a very soluble in the gasoline, at all ordinary temsmall proportion, inasmuch as a reduction of the amount of gasoline in a gallon of the composite fuel will to that extent rob the gasoline ofthose desirable qualitieswhich it is desired to preserve. The, added material must be so relatively inexpensive that it will not add more than a small fraction of one cent to the cost of the gasoline, in order that'the. composite fuel may be retailed at the same priceas ordinary gasoline, or at least so that an increase of less than one cent per gallon in the wholesale price will yield a substantially larger profit to the refiner. The added material should be readily and permanently peratures, without the necessity of special agitation or of any other special mixing process that would erceptib y add to the costof production o commercial gasoline.

The above results are accomplished by the addition to gasoline of from one-fourth of one percent to two per cent of carbon bisulfidewith the preferential addition of nitrobenzene in an amount not over three per cent of the carbon bisulfide. The nitrobenzene is preferably added to the carbon bisulfide before the latter is added to the gasoline. The nitrobenzene may be omitted altogether, but its addition, besides assisting in the attainment'of the result sought and securin the result sought with more certainty, re uces the amount of carbon bisulfide required by an amount exceeding the amount of carbon bisulfide that it displaces. 1

Gasoline itself is so variable with respect to thedegree to which it ap roaches the desideratum of avoiding knoc ing in ans-ordinary internal combustion engine, that it is Application filed November 25, 1925. seriaino. 71,436.

than will the combustion of gasoline that is manufactured from higher boiling point constituents'of crude oil bycracking. Then, too, gasoline produced from crude petroleums of different origins will have substantially different qualities. With the average gasoline, the addition of' from one-half to one'per cent ofcarbon bisulfide will produce an antiknock motorfuel'.

The addition of one-half .of one per cent of pure or refined carbon bisulfide to gasoline will not increase the cost of the fuel over that of simple. gasoline by more than about onetenth of one cent per gallon.

The carbon bisulfide should be approximately pure, that is approximately 99.9% pure, and should bealinost or quite without free sulfur, although a somewhat lower degree of purity, whileundesirable, is efficient.

It is preferred to add the carbon bisulfide, or the solution of carbon bisulfide and nitrobenzine, to alittle gasoline before the addition to the body of gasoline which it is desired to convert into an anti-knock motor fuel; This is especially desirable where the material is to be sold in the open market for addition to ordinary commercial gasoline. The

proportion of the, gasoline-carbon bisulfide solution that is added to the commercial gasoline will of course vary with the proportion of gasoline in the solution to be added, 4

The main reason for the effectiveness of my improved motor fuel 'is that the combustion, instead of being nearly instantaneous, is progressive, that is, combustion continues substantiallythroughout the stroke of the piston and is completed near or at the end of its stroke. The result is substantially higher effi- 'ciency and greater power with elimination of knocking. Another important advantage that is attained by progressive combustion 1s the substantial prevention of formation of carbonor thesubstantial elimination of any carbon that may be formed and deposited.

It is clear, from the foregoing explanation, that any negligible increasein the cost of the improved fuel over that of. straight gasoline is compensated, many times over, by the saving in cost due to increased efiiciency and power. While I have specified gasoline as the main ingredient of my improved motor fuel, it will be understood that gasoline is a somewhat flexible term which, in the progress of the art, has come to be applied to what, in earlier years, was known commercially as high-grade kerosene. Therefore. it is to be understood that by specifying gasoline I- mean to include as an equivalent any grade of kerosene that, now or in the future development of the art. may be substituted for gasoline as a motor fuel.

hile I have specified upper and lower limits, workable and preferential,- for the I proportion of carbon bisulfide. that proportion could be increased somewhat above the oneor two per cent specified, without detriment, but without advantage. I, therefore, do not wish to limit myself to the maximum roportion of carbon bisulfide specified. lowever. if the proportion of carbon'bisulfide should be increased to beyond (say? five. or. at the most, ten per cent, its use would probably be detrimental, not merely in that it would reduce the efiiciency of the gasoline by reducing the proportion of gasoline, but also in that 1t would be apt to produce deleterious effects on the metal with which'the fuel comes into contact. 7

In place of nitrobenzene I may use such equivalent substances as nitrotoluol and ni-ttroxyol and perhaps other nitrocarbons. The percentage may be increased beyond three per cent of the carbon bisulfide without detriment but without advantage.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. An anti-knock motorv fuel comprising a solution of gasoline, carbon bisulfide and 'nitrobenzene, the gasoline comprising a predominating proportion of the composition and the proportion of carbon bisulfide greatly exceeding the proportion of nitrobenzene.

2. An anti-knock motor fuel comprising a solution of gasoline, carbon bisulfide and nitrobenzene, the carbon bisulfide comprising between over one-fourth of one per cent and less than live per cent of the solution and the proportion of nitrobenzene being very much less than that of the carbon bisulfide.

In testimony of which invention, I have" hereunto set my hand at Philadelphia, Penna, on this 5th day of November, 1925.;

THOMAS H. STACKHOUSE.