US1733476A - Evaporation, distillation, or the like apparatus - Google Patents

Evaporation, distillation, or the like apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1733476A
US1733476A US168913A US16891327A US1733476A US 1733476 A US1733476 A US 1733476A US 168913 A US168913 A US 168913A US 16891327 A US16891327 A US 16891327A US 1733476 A US1733476 A US 1733476A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
heating
liquid
tube
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US168913A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vogelbusch Wilhelm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1733476A publication Critical patent/US1733476A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/06—Evaporators with vertical tubes
    • B01D1/12—Evaporators with vertical tubes and forced circulation

Definitions

  • My invention concerns improvements in or relating to evaporation, distillation or the like apparatus.
  • the transfer of heat from the heating agent to said liquid is impaired, for example, when materials which form crusts deposit from the liquid on to the walls of the tubes. It is also possible, however, for resistances to the heat transfer to be formed on the other side of the walls of the tubes, that is on the side in contact with the vapourous or gaseous heating agent. Such may be due to deposits from the heating agent, as for example, oil deposit which may occur when steam is employed which, exhaustingfrom an engine or engines, is not entirely free from oil.
  • the con ensate from the heating vapour surrounds the separate tubes in the form of a layer thereof which flows downwardly and which increases in thickness towards the bottom.
  • Thepermanent gases, principall air, remain where the heating vapour whic had hitherto formed a carrier for the same disappears, that is also on the heating tubes, and thus hinder the access of fresh steam to the tubes. If provision is made for drawing oil? the permanent gases rapidly, then their detrimental actipn may be reduced, but a disproportionately large quantity of heating vapour is lost therewith, the. loss of heating vapour amounting to 15% or more.
  • banks of heating tubes which can be comparatively simply freed from air the heating vaour issubject to'pressure and temperature osses accompanied again by corresponding Eeduction in the efliciency of the heating surace.
  • the presentinvention relates to evaporating, distillation or the like devices wherein. provision is made not only for a high circuno latio'n velocity, at the walls in contact with the heating vapour, of the liquid or solution to be evaporated but also for a heating surface which, practically speaking, ofiers no resistance to heat-transfer.
  • the invention residesin such an apparatus comprising one or more evaporation stages each of which has one or more heating elements, each of which elements on its side comprises in combination one or more comparatively large-bore, substantially horizontal circulation tubes communicating with the li uid space of an evaporating chamber,
  • gig. 4 shows a further form of execution an Fig. 5 a detail of this construction in a view from below,
  • Fig. 6 is 'a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a modified form of construction
  • Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view of the construction shown in Fig. 6.
  • the heating element consists of one the lower part of which communicates with the tube 3.
  • the jacket of the heating element is composed of a part 5 enclosing the tube 3, a part 6 enclosing the bank of tubes 4 and a cover 8 which closes the header 7
  • the two parts 5 and 6 of the jacket of the heating member communicate with one another only in the neighbourhood of the header 7.
  • Deflecting walls or bafiies 9 are arranged in the part 6 of the jacket to constrain the heating vapour, which enters through an inlet 10, to follow a tortuous course inside the jacket 6 so that it flows between the tubes 4 in a direction which is always more or less perpendicular to the longitudinal dir"ction of the said tubes.
  • the heating vapour after entering the jacket 6-by the inlet 10, fio-ws therefore, in a zigzag course through the said jacket and asses finally into the part 5 of the jacket w ence it emerges through an outlet 11.
  • the liquid in the chamber 1 fills also the tube 3, the header 7 and the tubes 4 in which it is heated bythe heating agent which circulates around said tubes. Due to the heating the liquid in the tubes 4 is forced upwardly, while the cooler liquid in the chamber 1 is caused to move downwardly, thus maintaining a circulation.
  • the point atwhich the tube 3 communicates with the chamber 1 may be so disposed that there is always a portion of the liquid at rest in said chamber 1. This is of advantage when solutions are to be evaporated which deposit salts.
  • the bafiies 9 By suitably arranging and distributing the bafiies 9 in the jacket portion 6 it is possible to obtain any desired or necessary velocityof the heating vapour and to maintain the same constant over the entire course thereof in spite of the fact that the quantity of vapour may continuously decrease. It is also possible, however, to make the velocity of the heating vapour larger or smaller at will.
  • the heating vapour drives before it not only any condensate present but also the permanent gases, usually air, into the part 5 thereof whence the said substances, which would otherwise impair the heat-transfer, may be removed.
  • the condensate flows out through the outlet 11 and the permanent gases may be drawn off through a separate outlet 12. It is possible in this manner to ensure that the heating surfaces of the tubes 4 remain free from condensate and permanent gases so that the heat transfer is not hindered.
  • Fig. 4 differs from that according to Figs. 1-3 in that the liquid circulating through the tubes 3 and 4 and through the chamber 1 is compelled to pass also through the pipe-shaped device 13 inserted into the chamber 1, the upper end of this pipe being connected to the wall of the chamber 1 and the width of this tube being dimensioned in such a manner that there is an annular space around this pipe in the chamber 1.
  • the liquid coming from the upper end of the tubes 4 flows downwards through the interior of the inserted pipe 13 and as the lower end of this pipe 13 lies at a level lower than the place where the tube 3 is branched oft, the liquid is compelled to flow around the lower edge of the pipe 13 and to ascend in the annular space 14 in order to arrive at the tube 3.
  • a vertical wall may be arranged in the chamber 1 around the lower edge of which the liquid would flow before it arrives at the tube 3. It is also possible to give the chamber 1 itself such a shape that it forms a way for the flowing liquid with a sharp curvature before its entrance into the tube 3. The sharp curvature of the course of the liquid need not in all cases be directed downwards; this curvature may also be directed otherwise.
  • Fig. 4 shows further the space 15 for the vapour subdivided by a partition 16 into two chambers 17 and 18 communicating with each other by means of a tube 19.
  • a mixture of vapour and li uid leaving the upper ends of the heating tu es 4 enters the chamber 17 and whilst the particles of the liquid collect and flow downwards into the chamber 1, whcrefrom the liquid begins again its circulation through the heating device, the vapour escapes upwards in order to be used for heating or other purposes or to be condensed.
  • a hollow cylindrical screen 21 is fixed to the bottom 16 (Fig. 5 shows this screen as seen from below), the inner space of this screen being open at both ends. Therefore the vapour may enter the innner space of the screen through both open ends and escape into the chamber 18 through the tube 19.
  • the liquid collecting on the outside of the screen 21 drops down and assembles with the liquid in the chamber 1.
  • the inner space of the screen 21 may also be open only on'one side or on more than two sides.
  • a device 20 for destroying the foam producedby the liquid there is arranged a device 20 for destroying the foam producedby the liquid; this device may be of a well known construction.
  • Fig. 6 is a fragmentary end view showing three tubes 3 located within the jacket 5 and Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view showing the arrangement when more than a single tube 3 is used.
  • What I claim is 1.
  • the combination of at least one chamber for the liquid to be evaporated this chamber having at its lower part a liquid space and above this spacea vapour-space for the vapour produced of the liquid, with at the first named tube or tubes and with the 7 other ends with the vapour space ofthe said chamber, the firstnamed tube or tubes being of a larger diameter than the second named tubes, and a jacket consisting of two parts, one of which encloses the first named tube or tubes and the other part encloses the second named tubes, these two parts of the jacket communicating with-one another only in the neighbourhood of the outer ends of the said tubes, the second named part of the jacket being provided with an inlet for a condensable heating agent and the first named part of the jacket being provided with an outlet for the non-condensable portion of said heating agent, and an outlet for products of condensation.
  • the first'named tube or tubes' being of a larger diameter than the second named tubes
  • a jacket consisting of two parts, one of which encloses the first named tube or tubes and the other part encloses the second named tubes, these two parts of the jacket communicating with one another only in the neighbourhood of the outer ends of the said tubes, the second named part of the jacket being provided with an inlet for a condensable heating agent and the first named part of the jacket being provided with an outlet for the non-condensable portion of said heating agent, and an outlet for the products of condensation.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
US168913A 1926-04-14 1927-02-17 Evaporation, distillation, or the like apparatus Expired - Lifetime US1733476A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1733476X 1926-04-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1733476A true US1733476A (en) 1929-10-29

Family

ID=19873022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US168913A Expired - Lifetime US1733476A (en) 1926-04-14 1927-02-17 Evaporation, distillation, or the like apparatus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US1733476A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR628350A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL19545C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2954821A (en) * 1954-04-23 1960-10-04 Arnold W Baumann Sterile vacuum pan
US5795446A (en) * 1994-08-17 1998-08-18 Kirschmann; Eduard Method and equipment for heat-of-vaporization transfer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2954821A (en) * 1954-04-23 1960-10-04 Arnold W Baumann Sterile vacuum pan
US5795446A (en) * 1994-08-17 1998-08-18 Kirschmann; Eduard Method and equipment for heat-of-vaporization transfer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL19545C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR628350A (fr) 1927-10-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2558222A (en) Deaerating hot well
US1733476A (en) Evaporation, distillation, or the like apparatus
US2546479A (en) Evaporative and capillarity tower
US1919029A (en) Mercury vapor condenser and steam generator
US1764190A (en) Oil-vapor separation and condensation
US1466221A (en) Continuous distilling apparatus
US1812591A (en) Condenser
US1855390A (en) Surface condenser
US1797232A (en) Gas and liquid separator
US2057001A (en) Condenser and separator for crankcase vapors
US2720259A (en) Gas venting of heat exchangers
US1785983A (en) Feed-water heater
US1838507A (en) Fluid separator
US1895294A (en) Condenser
US1655998A (en) Counter flow still
US2073738A (en) Evaporating apparatus
US1786163A (en) Condenser for mixed vapors
US1640748A (en) Progressive condenser
US956211A (en) Steam-condenser.
US1424254A (en) Evaporator
US1886516A (en) Condenser
US1713534A (en) Surface condenser
US1519719A (en) Dephlegmator
US1168758A (en) Vacuum evaporating apparatus.
US1662154A (en) Condensing apparatus