US1726342A

US1726342A - Flying machine with flapping wings

Info

Publication number: US1726342A
Application number: US143241A
Authority: US
Inventors: Cerny Karl
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1926-04-30
Filing date: 1926-10-21
Publication date: 1929-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 1946-08-27

Description

Aug. 27,1 l929. QERNY 1,726,342

FLYING MACHINE WITH FLAPPING WINGS Filed 001;. 21. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet ma EAN) f w v 6 Aug. 27, 1929. K. CE RNY I I 1,725,342

FLYI G MACHINE VWITH FLAPPING WINGS Filed 00%.: 21. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mvelvrmg K (ZL c guy lrrapYEf Patented Aug. 27, 1929.

PATENT OFFICE.

UNITED STATES KARL GERRY, OF EERZOGENBUBG, AUSTRIA.

FLYING moms wrrn .rmrrme wines.

Application filed October 21, 1926, Serial lie. 148,241, and in Austria April 80, 1926.

further provided with a second joint, which.

during the upward motion of the wing permits a jumping forward and a turning up movement of the wings, and during the downward motion of the wing a pulling back of the wing in an essentially horizontal direction.

The accompanying drawing illustrates an exemplar construction of the subject matter of the invention. Fig. 1 is a front view and Fig. 2 a plan view of the flying machine, on an enlarged scale, provided with a wing. Fig. 2 shows an axial sectional view of the main-beam according to line w-y of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 illustrates a general view. Fig. 4

shows an arm of the pulley-support in elevation, and Fig. 5 is a sectional view according to line a-b of Fig. 4.

- 1, 2 and 3 designate the struts of the carriage, of which the struts 1 and 2 are coupled with the main-beam 6 by means of the bearings 4 and 5. The shaft 7 of the engine 8 transmits its rotation, by means of the toothed wheel 9, to the toothed wheel 10 of the shaft 11 on which is mounted the double crank disc 12, governing the wing-drive. This double crank disc is provided with two pivots 13 and 14, which are disposed diametrically opposite one another and on which are mounted freely rotatable short flat irons 15 and 16, in the eyes 17 and 18 of which are fixed the ends of two ropes S; and S for the operation of one wing, while the eyes 17 and 18 receive the ends of the ropes S and S for operating the second wing.

Near the end of the main-beam 6 is mounted a double armed bearing 30, the arms of which, in the ordinary position of the flying machine, lie in a vertical plane, which is disposed essentally perpendicular with respect to the mainaxis of the flying machine. Each arm carries two freely

rotatable pulleys

31, 32 and 33, 34 respectively. The operating rope S passes (Fig. 1) over the pulley 31 to the beam 6 of the intermediate member to be described hereinafter and engages for instance a suitable eye 35 atthe underside of this beam. The rope S passes over the pulley33 and engages an eye 35 at the upper side of the beam 6.

represented by Fig. 4), the

pulleys

33, 34 of the upper arm are mounted freely rotatable on

pins

42, 43 in the forked end of a slide 41, the flattened ends of the said pins being guided in

slots

44 and 45 respectively of the flat-rail branches '30 and 30 forming the pulleybearing.

To the inner end of the slide 41 is secured a piston 46, which slides in the outer chamber 47 of a double cylinder 48, which is mounted between the two

flat rail branches

30 and 30". The inner chamber 49 is separated from the outer chamber 47 by a partition 50, in which is mounted a non-adjustable disc -valve 50. The piston 51 operates in the inner chamber and the piston-rod 52 of the former is connected by means of a joint 53 to a link 54, which elongates the beam 6 at the left hand of the main-link A. 1

In order that the lever-connection, consisting of the piston rod 52 and link 54, may freely oscillate during the operation of the wings, the main-beam isforked in the region of the hearing as indicated at 6 -6 and by means of the pin A is hinged to the forked end 6 of the intermediate beam 6. The beam 6 is mounted in the intermediate beam 6 butis secured against longitudinal displacement by the collars 63 although freely rotatable about its longitudinal axis, the right hand end of the said beam 6 being forked to form two joint-

discs

64 and 64, which are pivotally connected to the enlarged disc-shaped end of the main-keel of the wing by the vertical pins B. Thus the main-keel of the wing together with the wing and

intermediate beam

6, 6 may move up and down about the horizontal pin A, and further it may alone swing forward and backward in the horizontal direction about the link B and finally by the arrangement of the beam 6 it can rotate about the longitudinal axis of the latter so that the motion) to increase the air resistance. In the turned up position the wing extends upwards from the link B, in the turned down position the wing extends downwards from the link B.

The'third of the wing movements is caused by the air pressure only and is limited by stops or 'brakin means (not shown in the drawings) suita ly arranged on the

intermediate beams

6 and 6 The elastic members 57 of the wing are arranged fan-like on the main-keel 56 of the wing in such a manner, that during the upward motion of the wing the members are opened, so that the resistance of the air, streaming through between the same, is reduced to a minimum, while during the down movement themembers are firmly pressed against one another, so that they form a'single uninterrupted wing-surface.

The wing, formed by the fan-like springs 57 (Wing-members), is connected with the rigid supporting plane T bytmeans of a numr of wing-members 57, which are superposed in fan-like manner and are horizontal 1y movable in the joints 58-58 and which together form a fan-like surface, whose members are fan-like spread apart during the jumping forward of the wing and are folded together in the manner of a fanduring the pulling back of the wing.

The pneumatic steering operates in-the following vmanner During the upward movement of the Wing (in the direction of the arrow P in Fig. 1) the piston'rod 52 together with the piston 51 are pushed downward (arrow P in Big. 4).

At the same time the. outer pulley-slide is weighted by the rope-drive P P the weight being yieldingly supported by the pneumatic chamber 47, in which the piston 46..

connected with the slide'is operating.

The piston 51, whose leather cup 51- close S 1y rests against the cylinder-wall during the downward movement, supplies air from the cylin r 49 into the cylinder 47 by opening the va ve 5O during the downward movement. During the downward motion-of the wing, the piston-rod 52. together with the piston 51 is pulled up, the valve 50 is closed automatically and between the leathercup packing 51 of the piston and the cylinderwall atmospheric air enters the chamber 49, which during the following upward movement of the-wing is again forcedinto the chamber 47. s I

Therefore when the flying machine with flapping wings works for some time, the tension in the chamber 47 is gradually increased; Usually the piston 46 takes up the position shownin Fig. 5, in this position the piston covering up the exhaust opening of the flap-valve 66, which is in the shape of-a strong plate 'spring of steel and serves as safety valve. for prohibitively high tensions in the chamber 47. l

As-soon as the tension in the chamber 47 has driven the piston 46 into its lowest position, the opening 65 is uncovered by the piston, so that now the safety flap 66 can come into operation. The flap-valve 66 startsto object of steering. Beside the flap66, which is riveted to the flat rail 30 at 70, is mounted asecond weaker plate-spring 71, which is rivso forth, indicated in dotted lines,- a gradual decrease of the freely oscillating part of the flap-valve takes place. As already mentioned the rope S which imparts to the spring 71 the successive steering positions, engages the end of the spring 71, runs alongthe lower arm on the pulley-bearing to the main-beam 6 and through the main-beam to the seat of the' pilot, where it engages one arm7 5 of a double armed lever, the second arm 76 of which guides the rope'S for the other side.

Further the following arrangement is provided for operating the wings together with the main-movements z- A rope S passes over the ulley 32 of the inner bearing-arm and further over the pulley 32", which is mounted so as to be freely rotatable on the hinge-bolt A. From this pulley the rope S passes through the sliding eam 6 and out at 1-, thereafter it passes over the pulley 32", which is arranged between cantilevers secured to the hinge-discs 64 and 64' and engages an eye 0 of the wing-beam.

The other end of this auxiliary rope is knotted at O to the corresponding main-rope The object of the auxiliary rope is as follows If the main-rope S is pulled tight (downward movement of the wing) ittakes alongthe auxiliary rope in the place 0 so.that the wing is pulled down not only in a vertical direction, but simultaneously is pulled back in a horizontal direction, e. g. in the'direction opposite to the direction of flight indicated by the arrow 1) (Fig. 2)

Owing to the rotating doublecrank disc, I

the rope S is releasedduring the wingsettingby actuatingthe rope 8;, so that the wing moves not only upward in a vertical direction, but at the same time and indeed by the pressure of the medium jumps forward in the horizontal direction.

A second auxiliary rop'e S is guided in a similar manner, the operation of the same be- .ing evident from the aforesaid. By arrangingthe pulley 32, over which the auxiliary rope S passes, slidable for instance in a slide whose movements can be controlled from the seat of the pilot, the tension of the auxiliary rope or aux liary ropes can be varied for the a purpose of steering.

It may be remarked, that the control ar-- rangement for the spring-force of the valveflap 66, consisting of the rope-operated platespring 71, permits the variation not only of.

the pneumatic resiliency of the adjustable pulley-slide, but at the same timeis a means for varying the extent of the main movements of the wings within a wideranga If the iao supporting planes, with flapping Wings and a joint for each of them permitting an up and down motion of the wings, comprising in comj bination a second oint provided for each wing to permit during the upward motion of the wings simultaneously-fa" jumping forward and during the downward motion of the wings simultaneously a pulling back of the same, an intermediate mmber connecting the joint for the up and down motion of the wing with the oint for the horizontal jumping for ward and pulling-back of the wing in such a manner that the wing is turned up during the upward motion and turned down during the downward motion.

2." Flying machine provided with rigid supporting planes, with flapping wings and a joint for each of them permitting an up and down motion of the wings, compr sing in combination an elastic intermediate member for yieldingly supporting the up and down motion of the wings, a second joint provided for each wing to permit during the upward mo.- tion of t e wings simultaneously a jumping forward and during the downward motion of the wings simultaneously a pullingback of the same, an intermediate member connecting the joint for the up and downmotion of thewing with the joint for the horizontal 'umping forward and pulling back of the wing in such a manner that the wing is turned up during the upward motion and turned down during the downward motion.

3. Flying machine as claimed in claim 1 with wings forming a folding face between.

the two joints permitting its double motion which is a COIltlIlllfitlOl'l of the rigid support ing plane and during the jumping forward of the wing is spread out in fan-like mannerv and during the pulling back is folded together in fan-like manner. y

4. Flying machine provided with rigid supporting planes, with flapping wings, two separate pulling ropes for the operation of each wing secured in pairs to flat irons mounted freely rotatable on a continuously rotating double crank and a joint for each wing permitting an up and down motion of the wings, comprising in combination a second joint provided for each wing to permit during the upward motion of the wings simultaneously .a jumping forward and during the downward motion of the wings simultaneously a pulllng back of the same, an intermediate member connecting the joint for the up and down motion of the wing with the joint for the horizontal jumping forward and pulling back of the wing in such a manner that the wing is turned up during the upward motion and turned down during the downward motion.

5. Flying machine as claimed in claim 4 comprising pulling members operated by the double crank and passing over resiliently arranged deflecting pulleys or the like to the wing-beam. v j 6. Flying machine as claimed in claim 4 comprising pulling members for operating the wings, deflecting pulleys for the pulling members arranged in a slide and a pneumatic chamber by which the adjustments of the slide are resiliently checked.

7. A flying machine as claimed in claim 4 comprising pulling members for operating the wings, deflecting pulleys for the pulling members arranged in a side, a pneumatic chamber for-resiliently checking the adjustments of the slide, and pumps operated by the wings and adapted to maintain thepressure in the pneumatic chamber.

j 8., A flying machine as claimed in claim 4 vcomprising pulling members for operating.

the wings, deflecting pulleys for the pulling members arranged in a slide, a pneumatic chamber for resiliently checking the adjust .ments of the slide, pumps operated by the wings and adapted to maintain the pressure in p the pneumatic chambers, and a control-device for varying the pressure ineach of the pneumatic chambers.

9. A flying machine as claimed in claim 1 provided with auxiliary pulling members for pulling forward and backward the wings and main pulling ropes connected to the wings formoving the wings up and down.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

KARL oERNr.