US1721440A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

July 16, 19290 E. H. ELZEMEYER ET AL 1,721,440

7 FURNACE Filed July 5, 1923 w. /0 /1z .1, D

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ERNST H. ELZEMEYER AKD PAUL S. KNITTEL, @F ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI; MINNIE ELZE- MEYER EXECUTRIX 0F SAID ERNST H. ELZEMEYER, a

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' Application filed July 5, 1923. Serial No. erases.

Our invention relates to furnaces and particularly to a chamber that is'adapted for burning pulverized fuel or diffused oil and gas, or a combination of these fuels; and it has for its principal object a construction in which the walls are kept relatively cool, in

which all of the fuel is consumed and in which the slag and ashes are easily disposed of.

The invention consists principally in pro viding the furnace with walls of porous or' spongy brick or the like in which the usual draft openings are omitted and in providing the combustion chamber with a sloping floor.

and in the parts and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed,

In the accompanying drawing,

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a furnace embodying our invention,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section,

Fig. 3 is a section of a portion of the double wall under the boiler, and

Fig. a is a detail view of one of the bricks forming the walls;

Mounted on suitable supports 1 of iron or other material. that rest on suitable foundation' members 2 are tiles 3. The tiles 3 are preferably overlaid with a covering 4; of firebrick. The supports 1v are considerably inclined, so that the floor slopes downwardly from the back of the furnace to the front.

I The furnace has a front wall 5 which may be curved as shown in the drawing, or of any other suitable shape and side walls 6. The

front and side walls-may be made of firebrick or the li e or may be of monolithic construction, com osed of fireclay and other suit- .able materials to give a porous construction.

The back wall 7 of the furnace is made of any suitable construction and supporting walls 8 extend therefrom along the side walls 6 underneath the boiler tubes 9 that are supported thereabove in any suitable manner. referably the outer walls 8 are spaced away from the inner walls 6 and are connected at of the furnace is a suitable burner it that is adapted to burn pulverized fuel or difi'used oil and gas or a mixture of these fuels. The burner may be of the kind shown in our Patent No. 1,449,169 dated March 20, 1923, for. apparatus for producing, separating and feeding powdered coal, or in our co ending application Ser. No. 648,402 filed une 28, 1923, for apparatus for mixing and feeding pulverized fuel, gas and oil. The fuel that passes in the furnace is deficient in oxygen, so that air is drawn into the furnace through the front and side walls and also through the floor. The usual draft openings are omitted; so that the air filters through the walls and floor at all points, thus tending to keep the walls and floor cool and also giving an even draft throughout the furnace. As has been stated the walls and door are of porous or. spongy material to permit filtration of air therethrough. The smaller articles of fuel and the ases are ignited y any suitable means suc as a pilot light (not shown in the drawing). As soon as they leave the burner tube, the burning fuel particles spread out into a fan-shaped flame as indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawing, the flame extending toward the back of the furnace in the direction of the draft. The heavier particles that are not ignited, strike the sloping floor and rebound up Wardly and toward the front of the furnace, on account of the slope of the floor. as indicated in Fi 2. The draft carries these particles into 1; e path of the flame again, so that all particles of the fuel are consumed. a i particles that are too heavy to be carried bac into the main flame will be consumed near. the floor, the air filtering through the tile and brick of the floor supplying oxygen andalso furnishin a draft to carry the fuel particles upwardly and to cool the slag and ashes. v The ashes and slag roll down the alt) ing floor and accumulate near the front 0 the furnace. An opening 15 is provided at the bottom of the front wall of the furnace which is normally par closed by a vertically sliding door 16. l door is preferably susno pended on a cord 17 that passes over suitable pulleys 18 and at the end of which is mounted a counterweight 19 for the door. The counterweight is provided with a projecting iron portion 20 that extends into a solenoid coil 21 that is connected with the terminals of a meter 22 that indicates the amount of carbon-' dioxide in the combustion chamber.

When this passes the desired quantity, the meter closes the circuit through the coil, thus attracting the projecting member of the counterweight and causing the door to be raised.

This permits the escape of ashes and slag and the entry of air to reduce the proportion of carbon-dioxide.

The hottest spot of the flame is located un- I derneath the mouth of the burner tube a short distance below, the roof. The air entering the combustion chamber around the burner cools and protects the roof against this hot spot.

. The fuel articles are driven toward the floor as above escribed. The air filtering throu h the walls'creates a draft away from the wa Is and thus prevents the flame from spreading to the walls. Thus the walls are protected.

from the flame and thehighest temperature is maintained where it will be most effective in heating the boiler tubes. As the heat is increased, the walls become more porous and larger quantities of, air can filter through,

thus cooling the wall. If more fuelis fed into.

the chamber, the draft is increased thus increasing the amount of air that filters through the walls, and giving the flame sufficient oxygen. A certain amount of air flows in through the ash hole and assists in forcing the light unconsumed fuel particles back into the The herein described furnace has numerous advantages. It prevents the walls of the furnace from being overheated and thus prolongs their life. It accomplishes complete combustion of all particles ofthe fuel and thus is economical in operation. It directs the heat of the flame away from the walls and toward the boiler tubes where effective.

Obviously, the invention is not limited to the details of construction hereinbefore described and illustrated, and we do not wish to be limited to the precise construction shown.

What we claim is:

1. A furnace comprising side and end walls,aroof, a burner projecting through said roof, a sloping floor, said' walls and floor being of porous material to permit air to filter therethrough and being otherwise free from draft openings, and an ash gate at the bottom it will be most ter therethrough and being otherwise free from draft openlngs.

furnace comprising side and end walls, a roof, a floor steeply sloping from the backito the front of the furnace, a burner projecting through said roof, an ash gate at the bottom of the floor and end wall, said gate being normally closed and means controlled by the amount of carbon-dioxide in the furnace for opening said gate.

Signed atgSt, Louis, Missouri, this 30th day ofJune, 1923.

ERNST H. ELZEMEY ER. PAUL S. KNITTEL.

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