US1707307A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

p 1929. F. 0. H0LDsw0R'm 1,707,307

I COMPRESSOR Filed July 5, 1924 M x 5Q 22 25 I: III-I'lllllllllllqlllllllmlllil/ Patented Apr. 2, 1929.

1,707,307v PATENT OFFICE.

FRED D. HOLDSWORTH, OF CLAREMONT, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR TO SULLIVAN IACHINERY COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

COMPRESSOR.

Application flled-Iu1y 5, 1924. Serial No. 724,492.

My invention relates to compressors and particularly to cooling arrangements for use in connection with compressors.

An object of my invention is to provide an improved compressor mechanism. Another object of my invention is to provide an improved compressor comprising an improved cooling system. A further object of my in vention is to provide an improved heat exchange device. Other objects and advanta es of my invention will hereafter more fully ap ear. 1

n the accompanying drawings I have shown for purposes of illustration one form which my invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings,-

Fig. 1 is a side elevation with parts broken away of a compressor in which my improved cooling system is employed. f

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on a plane corresponding to the section line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

It is now generally understood that the maximum cooling efiicienc is obtainable in heat exchange devices by t e em loyment of the countercurrent principle; an in my present invention I have provided novel means for. securing the benefits of this principle in a compressor system.

As illustrative of my invention, I have.

shown the same embodied in a compressor gpnerally designated 1 and comprising a ame 2 which supports the jacketed low pressure cylinder 3 and jacketed high pressure cylinder 4, these being arranged at an angle of 90 to each other so that an angle compound compressor is produced, Usual pistons in the cylinders are actuated from the usual crank shaft C. Supported upon the frame upon a supporting surface 5 is the intercooler 6, this being arranged in the air line between the low pressure cylinder 3 and the high pressure cylinder 4. This intercooler, which is of the countercurrent flow type, comprises a vertical, generall rectangular casing 11 at whose opposite si es longitudinally extending passageways 12 and 13 are provided bythe cooperation of semi-circular walls 14 and 15 with portions of the outer walls of the casing t the opposite ends of the casing 11 there areprovided tube sheets 16 and 17, the tube sheet 16 being arranged at the lower end of the casing and comprising a passageway 18 communicating.

with the passageway 12 and a plurality of openings 19 in which the lower ends of a numthen flows out through a connection 32 at the her of tubes 20 are secured. The upper tube sheet 17 has an opening 21 therethrough communicating with the passageway 13 and has a series of openings 22 in which the'upper ends of the tubes 20 are secured. Outside the tube sheet 17 is a cover 23 which serves to provide a conducting chamber for the air from the passageway 13 to the upper ends of the tubes 20. Below the lower tube sheet 16 is a hollow pedestal member 24 which serves as a conduit for the air discharged through tubes 20; that is, the member 24 receives the air from the tubes 20 and delivers it to the port 18 for transmission through the passage 12. The low pressure cylinder discharge chamber is connected by a pipe 25 with an opening 26 through a boss 27 on the side of the casing 6. As shown in this embodiment, the pipe 25 and opening 26 serve to conduct the air into the lower end of the passage 13; while a pipe 28 connects the upper end of the passage 12 with the hi h pressure cylinder intake space. It is desire to point out at this time that the arrangement described, in so far as some of its details are concerned, is for purposes of convenience, a ver small percentage of the cooling efliciency being sacrificed in order that a more rugged and compact structure may be produced. It will be obvious that the passage 25 might communicate directly with the space within the head 23, the passage 13 being wholly omitted; and also that the pipe 28 might communicate with the space withln the pedestal 24, thereby eliminating the passage 12. A small improvement in efiiciency would result, but at the cost of a considerable loss in ruggedness of construction. 1 The cooling fluid system employed herein includes a water inlet connection 29 to the lower side of the low pressure cylinder jacket and a connection 30 leading out from the upper side of the low pressure cylinder jacket to the bottom of the interior space of the casing 6, the inlet to this casing being shown at 31. The water i II extreme to of the casing 6 byway of a pipe 33 to the ottom of the jacket of the hlgl'l pressure cylinder and is finally conducted away through a ipe 34 which connects to the top of the big pressure cylinder jacket. It will therefore be apparent that there is no possible chance for this structure to become air bound and no possible opportunit of a loss of cooling efiioiency due to that di culty. The cooling water must first completely fill all the space within the low pressure cylinder jacket, must then completely fill all the space within the casing 6 and surrounding the tubes 20, and must then fill all the space within the high pressure cylinder jacket before it can escape. It will be obvious that in case of leakage of air into the water space of the intercooler the air will at once rise to the top and pass over through the pipe 33, being carried along with the water therein, and then pass up to the top of the high pressure cylinder jacket from which it can readily escape through the top outlet 34. An opening controlled by a suitable pet cock, not shown,.

is provided in the base of the member 24 for drainage purposes.

From what has been pointed out already, it will be readily apparent'how this device operates. The water circulation has been described; and it will have been observed that the flow. of the cooling liquid is from the bottom to the top of the intercooler. It will be noted that the air flow is from the top to ing the time the air is within these passages and the major cooling effect is secured during the counterflow of the air in the many small tubes 20. It will of course be understood that in practice the cooling liquid will be supplied in such volume that there will be 'no return of heat to the air in the passage 12 even at the upper portion of this passage.

While I have in this application specifically described one form which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that this form of the same is shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination, in a compressor, a low pressure cylinder, a cylinder receiving compressed fluid from said low pressure cylinder and cooperating in the further compression thereof, a crank shaft, the axes of said cylinders making an angle with each other whose apex lies in said crank shaft, an intercooler intermediate said cylinders, said cylinders and intercoolerall lying to one side of a plane passing through said crank shaft, means for supplying a liquid to the bottom of said intercooler and discharging the same at the top, and means for conducting fluid from said first to said second cylinder causing the same to flow from the top to the bottom of said intercooler including a plurality of means providing paths for said fluid through the intercooler.

2. In combination, in a compressor, a low pressure cylinder, a cylinder receiving compressed fluid from said low pressure cylinder and cooperating in the further compression thereof, a crank shaft, the axes of said cylinders making angles with the opposite sides of a plane including the axis of said crank shaft, an intercooler intermediate said cylinders, said cylinders and intercooler all lying to one side of another plane including said crank shaft, means for supplying a liquid to the bottom of said intercooler and discharging the same at the top, and means for conducting fluid from said first to said second cylinder causing the same to flow from the top to the bottom of said intercooler including a plurality of means providing paths for said fluid through the intercooler.

3. In combination, in a compressor, a jacketed low pressure cylinder, :1 jacketed cylinder receiving compressed fluid from said low pressure cylinder and cooperating in the further compression thereof, a crank shaft, an intercooler intermediate said cylinders, said cylinders and intercooler all lying to one side of a plane passing through said crank shaft, means for supplying liquid to the bottom of the intercooler and discharging the same at the top, means for supplying cooling liquid to the bottoms of the jackets of said cylinders and discharging it from said tops, and means for conducting fluid from said first to said second cylinder to cause it to flow from the top to the bottom of the intercooler including means for providing plural paths for the fluid through the intercooler.

4. In combination, in a compressor, a jacketed low pressure cylinder, a jacketed cylinder receiving com ressed fluid from said low pressure cylin er and cooperating in the further compression thereof, an intercooler intermediate said cylinders, means for supplying cooling liquid to the bottom of one of said cylinders, means for conducting said liquid from the top of said cylinder to the bottom of said intercooler, means for conducting said liquid from the top of said intercooler to the bottom of the other of said cylinders, and means for discharging said liquid from the top of said last mentioned cylinder. Y 1

5. In combination, in a compressor, a jacketed low pressure cylinder, a jacketed cylinder receiving compressed fluid from said low pressure cylinder and cooperating in the further compression thereof, an intercooler intermediate said cylinders, means for supplying cooling liquid to the bottom of one of said cylinders, means for conducting said till fluid from the top of said cylinder to the bottom of said intercooler, means for conducting said liquid from the top of said intercooler to the bottom of the other of said cylinders, means for discharging said liquid. from the top of said last mentioned cylinder, and means for conducting fluid from the first mentioned cylinder to the second mentioned cylinder through said intercooler and causing the fluid to flow through said intercooler in a downward direction and in a plurality of paths.

6. In combination, in a compressor, a acketed low pressure cylinder, a jacketed cylinder receiving compressed fluid from said low pressure cylinder and cooperating in the further compression thereof, an intercooler intermediate said c linders, means for supplying coolin li ui to the bottom of said first mentione cy inder, means for conducting said liquid from the top of said cylinder to the bottom of said intercooler, means for conducting said liquid from the top of said intercooler to the bot-tom of the other of said cylinders, means for discharging said liquid from the top of said last mentioned cylinder, and means for conducting fluid from the first mentioned cylinder to the second mentioned cylinder through said intercooler and causing t e fluid to flow through said intercooler in a dlqwnward direction and in a plurality of pat s.

7. In combination, in a compressor, a jacketed cylinder disposed with its axis vertical, a heat exchange device vertically disposed adj acent thereto, means for supplying a cooling liquid to the bottom of said heat exchange device and conducting the same from the top thereof to the bottom of said 0 linder, and means for sup lying fluid to sai cylinder to be compresse therein through said intercooler comprising a plurality of passages extending longitudinally of said intercooler through which said fluid flows downwardly on its way to said cylinder.

8. In combination, in a compressor, a low pressure cylinder, :1 cylinder receiving compressed fluid therefrom and coo crating in the further compression of said uid. an intercooler comprising a tank affording a cooling liquid chamber, means within said chamber constituting a plural path conducting means for compressed fluid, means for supplylng a cooling liquid to the bottom of the chamber and discharging the same at the top, and means for conducting the fluid from the first mentioned cylinder to the top of the conducting means and leading it from the bottom of the latter to the second mentioned cylinder.

9. In combination, in a compressor, a low pressure cylinder having a cooling fluid jackct. a cylinder receiving compressed fluid from said iow pressure cylinder and cooperating in the further compression of said fluid, said second mentioned cylinder having a cooling jacket, an intercooler comprising a cooling liquid receptacle and conducting means therein for fluid being compressed comprising a plurality of paralleltubes, connections between said conducting means and said first and second mentioned cylinders, and means for'conducting a cooling liquid comprising an inlet for said fluid to the jacket of the low pressure cylinder, means connecting said jacket to the bottom of the intercooler receptacle, and means connecting the top of the intercooler receptacle to the jacket of said second mentioned cylinder.

10. In combination, in a compressor, a low pressure cylinder, a jacketed cylinder receiv- 1n compressed fluid from said low pressure cy inder and cooperating in the further compression thereof, a crank shaft, the axes of said cylinders makin an angle with each other whose apex lies in said crank shaft and the axis of said second mentioned cylinder said cylinders, said cylinders and intercooler all lying to one side of a plane passing through said crank shaft, means for supplying a liquid to the bottom of said intercooler and conducting the same directly from the top thereof to the bottom of the jacket of said vertically disposed cylinder, and means for conducting fluid by way of said intercooler from saidifirst to said second cylinder causing the same to flow from the top to the bottom of said intercooler, including a plurality of means providing paths for said fluid through the intercooler.

11. In combination, in a compressor, a jacketed cylinder dis osed with its axis horizontal, a jacketed cy inder disposed with its axis vertical and receiving compressed fluid from said horizontally disposed cylinder and cooperating in the further compression there of, a crank shaft, the axes of said cylinders making an angle with each other whose apex lies in said crank shaft, a heat exchange device disposed within the s ace between said cylinders and having its ongitudinalaxis vertically disposed, means for supplying a cooling liquid to the jacket of said horizontal cylinder, means for conducting liquid from the jacket of said horizontal cylinder to the bottom of said heatexchange device and conducting the same directly from the top thereof to the bottom of the jacket of said vertically disposed cylinder, and means for conducting fluid from said horizontally disposed cylinder to said vertically disposed cylinder causing the same to flow from the top to the bottom of said heat exchange device including a lurality of means providing paths for said uid through said heat exchange device.

12. In combination, in a compressor, a low pressure cylinder, a jacketed cylinder receiving compressed fluid from said low pressure being vertical, an intercooler intermediate cylinder and cooperating in the further compression thereof, a crank shaft, the axes of said cylinders making an angle with each other whose apex lies in said crank shaft, an intercooler intermediate said cylinders,

said cylinders and intercoolerall lying to one side of a plane passing through said crank shaft, means for supplying a cooling liquid to the bottom of said inter-cooler and conducting the same directly from the top thereof to the bottom of the jacket of said second mentioned cylinder, and means for conducting fluid from said first to said second cylinder causing the same to flow vertically in contact with cooling walls from the point of entering the intercooler to adjacent the top thereof and to thereupon change direction and move in contact with cooling walls to the bottom of said intercooler including a plurality of means providing paths in the intercooler for said fluid.

13. In combination, in a compressor, a jacketed cylinder disposed with its axis horizontal, a jacketed cylinder disposed with its axis vertical and receiving compressed fluid from said horizontally disposed cylinder and from the to cooperating in the further compression thereof, a crank shaft, the axes of said cylinders making an angle with each other whose apex lies in said crank shaft, an intercooler disposed within the space between said cyl: inders and having its longest dimension vertically disposed, means for supplying a cooling liquid to the jacket of said horizontally disposed cylinder, means for conducting liquid from the jacket of said horizontally disposed cylinder to the bottom of said intercooler and conducting the same directly thereof to the bottom of the jacket of said vertically dis osed cylinder, and means for conducting uid from said horizontally disposed cylinder to said vertic'ally disposed cylinder causing the same to flow vertically in contact with cooling walls from the point of entering said intercoolcl' to adjacent the top thereof and to thereupon change direction and move in contact with cooling walls to the bottom of said intercooler including a plurality of means providing paths in the intercooler for said fluid.

In testimony whereof I alfix my signature.

FRED D. HOLDSVVORTH.

Images