US1703420A - Magneto - Google Patents

Description

Feb, 26, 1929.

GIB$0M ET AL.

MAGNETO Filed Dec. 24, 1925 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 2%, 1929., 1,703,420

FLL GIBSQN ET AL MAGNETO Filed Dec. 24, 1925 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 mm m ATTrj NEqEn Feb. 26, 1929.

1,703,420 F. i. GIBSON ET AL MAGNETO Filed Dec. 24, 1925 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Feb, 26, 1929. 1,703,420

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Feb. 26, 1929., 1,703,420

F. l. GIBSON ET AL MAGNETO Filed Dec. 24, 1925 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Elm I R W Q Feb, 26, 1929.

F. L GIBSON ET AL MAGNETO Filed Dec. 24, 1925 BEL 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Feb 26, 1929. 1,703,420

F. L GIBSON ET AL MAGNETO Filed Dec. 24, 1925 'T Sheets-Sheet 7 II q Patented Feb. 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK I. GIBSON, OI BROWNSVILLE, VERMONT, AND GRISWOLD S. HAYWARD, 01' PLAINFIELD, NEW HAMPS HIRE.

mnennro.

Application filed December 24, 1925. Serial No. 77,574.

Our invention relates to magnetos for use in the ignition Systems of gasoline engines or the like, and it is especially adapted to automobile or aeroplane engines, although it has other uses.

Its characteristics are such that it may be easily adjusted to fire two spark plugs syn chronously or in sequence, the latter being desirable to avoid pinking so called or detonation in the motor which synchronized are portions of the housing separated by the cores 12, 121 and the gear 17, made preferably of fibre or the like, by which motion is transmitted by the armature to the dissparks sometimes produce, and which is made noticeable by pounding.

Our magneto comprises also two units or systems each independent of the other so that 5 it has a reserve feature in that if one system fails, the other being entirely independent, will not be affected. Thus the motor will continue to function on single ignition until repair can be made. v k 1 Our invention will be understood by reference to the drawings in which it is shown in its preferred form.

Figure 1 is a side elevation showing the leads to'the several spark plugs, provision being made in this case for six spark plugs.

Fig. 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the axis of our machine.

Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are cross sections on lines 44, 55, 66 and 77, respectively,

of Fig. 3.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are diagrams showing the magnetic circuit, and

Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the electric circuits.

In the drawings, 1 is a base or support on which is mounted a piece 2, which for convenience we have called a keeper, forming part of the magnetic circuit as below described. For purposes of easy assembly the keeper is made in three parts (see Figs 3, 5

and 7). The permanent magnets 3 and 4 are supported on a segmental piece 5 to which is attached by screws 6 the segmental non-magnetic supports 7 which centre the keeper 2. 9, 9- are spacers also of nonmagnetic material, which with the other parts described form a cylindrical chamber in which the armature is supported and rotates.

The armature comprises two separate inductive systems, each comprising two electromagnets and each of which comprises a primary 10, 101, a secondary 11, 111 and a laminated core 12, 121 and condenser 13, 131, the primaries and secondaries of each system being preferably covered with insulating material 310 and which as the armature as a whole rotates cut the magnetic field producing an electric current of high value. Each primary, secondary, core and condenser is mounted in a composite housing comprising at one end a cap 14 having a tubular extension 15 to form a bearing and provide means for carrying the primary wi-irings to .the breaker box as below described. 16, 16, etc.,

tributor.

The gear 17 is a worm gear which meshes with the worm gear 18 On a cross shaft 181 which carries the distributing mechanisms below described. The gear 17 has a large opening through it and is threaded on its interior and when assembled there is screwed into it the two members 19 and 20 of a coupling which forms part of the housing, thus connecting the two ends of the armature. Within this coupling is an insulating piece 21 through which passes the wire a from the secondary 111.

Near the outer end of the armature are the A terminals 21 and 22 each of them a segment, one terminal 21 being connected with the secondary 11 by the wire 6 and the other 22 connected with the secondary 111 by the wire a. Brushes 210 and 220 mounted in insulating supports 211 and 221 connect these terminals by the wires 0, c with the .distributing system as below described. These supports are held in place by screws 212 and 222.

The terminals 21 and 22 are mounted on opposite sides of the wheel 23 of lnsulating material, which is mounted on the shaft 24 and forms an axle of the armature carrying the cap 14 which closes the other end of the armature housing and has openings through it to receive the insulation of the wires 0:

' and I both it and the tubular extension 15 shown in elevation in Fig. 6 where a and b are binding screws m ounted on the insulated plates 300 and 301, forming connections with the primaries and 110, respectively, by

' wires a and 6 The two circuit breakers are valike. Each comprises a bell crank lever 28,

i 281 pivoted at 29, 291 and held by a spring 60, 601 normally in contact with the terminal 31, 311 each shown as a screw locked with a lock nut and hence capable of adjustment to which the binding screws d and b respectively, are electrically connected by the plate 300, 301. The short arm of each lever carries a block of insulation 32, 321, each of which is located to be engaged-by the cam 33 which is carried by the extension of the armature so that as the armature rotates the cam 33 strikes the'block simultaneously or in sequence and in like manner operates the levers 28, 281 to open ach circuit against the force of the springsGO, 601 simultaneously or not according to the adjustment of the screw terminals 31, 311. 34, 34 are screws which hold pieces 31 in place. The levers 28 and 281 are grounded in the magneto casing inthe usual way. I C

The distributor is shown in Figs. 2 and 5. There are two distributors, one electrically connected by the wires 0, c with each brush 210, 220. The distributors are arranged one lar shaft 181. This shaft is moun'teds in suiton each side of the gear 18, the axis 37, 1 of each distributor being attached to a tubuable bearings 35,351 and the'gear 18 is c0n- I nected thereto by the flange 36 which is inv socket carrying a spring-backed brush 39,

391 and 40, 401. 41, 411 are similar insulating stationary pieces, each of which carries a metallic piece 42, 421, L-shaped in cross sect-ion, connected with one of the wires'c, c Vith the metal flanges 49, 491 each stationary piece 41, 411 forms apart of the casing, which is otherwise of sheet metal and covers the magnets, etc., and is screwed thereto by screws 493. j

It will be seen that thereis thus always a "connection between the metal pieces 38, 381

through the wire 0, c brushes 39, 391 with the brushes 210, 220. The distributors are alike on both sides of the device and their various connections will be seen in Fig. 11'.

The insulating piece 41, 411 carries a set of contacts 43, 431, 44, 441, 45, 451, 46, 461. 47, 471 and 48, 481, each of which is connected to a spark'plug igniter so that asthe brush 40 or 401 is rotated by the shaft 181 it. wipes each of its set of contacts 43 or 431 in sequence and thus a circuit is closed and current is sent momentarily to the appropriate spark plug or elsewhere.

Connected to the base l'is an elongated housing51 for the armature, etc., which houslng is cut away to receive the parts 7, etc.

The upper edges of the housing are thickened .as shown at 52 and'are held together by screws 53 (see Figs. 1, 2 and 6).

The laminated cores 12, 121 are alike and each is made of a number of plates riveted to,-

gether. They are of the usual shape and perform the usual functions, the path of the magnetic flux being as shown by the arrows in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 and the keeper 2 serving to complete the circuit, for it will be noted that the path of the circuit is from one pole of each magnet through one core(Fig. 8) and keeper (Fig. 9) and the other core to the other pole of the two magnets (Fig. 10). The functions of this magnetic system are well understood.

The electric system and its working as a whole will be understood from Fig. 11 where it is laid out in diagrammatic form. The primaries and secondaries are grounded on the frame in the usual way.

The operation of this mechanism will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. This spark magneto has two entirely independent systems which can be operated in synchronism or in sequence by changing the relative position of the screw terminalsv 31 and 311 which will change the position of one of the blocks .with relation to the other so that they will be struck by the cam 33 simultaneously or in sequence and so time the breaking of the, contacts at the ternunals accordingly by turning one of the couplings 19 and 20 slightly with relation to the other .the angle of the crossbar of each core to the vtained by other arrangements of the several elements herein described and by other means than those shown.' The above, how ever, we have found to be a very compact those skilled in theart that the results secured by us may be at-- and satisfactory magneto which will give double ignition and will give successive firing at each cylinder if desired. Our apparatus takes up but little room and is easily taken apart if repairs are necessary and has proved by practical use to be a substantial improvement upon magnetos now in general use.

lVhat we claim as our invention is 1. The magneto above described comprising; two independent induction systems mounted on the same shaft and means for adjusting said systems with relation to each other whereby each system will secure ignition independently of the other and the times of ignition of each system may be adjusted with relation to the times of ignition of the other.

2. The magneto above described comprising magnets arranged to form a single mag netic field, an armature mounted to rotate in said field and comprising two electrically separate circuits mechanically connected whereby they may be adjusted to furnish ignition at the same point independently.

3. A magneto of the kind described comprising a permanent magnet system comprising poles located in proximity forming a single magnetic field and a rotary armature located in the magnetic field comprising two separate eleetromagnets, the core of said electromagnets being spool-shaped and laminated, each eleetromagnet being wound to form a primary and a secondary, a keeper therefor, a breaker box and a distributor, the primary of each electroniagnet being .connected to a contact in said breaker box and the secondary of each electro-magnet being connected to said distributor.

4:. In a magneto, two magnets located side by side, two rotatable electromagnets each located in close proximity to one'of the poles of said magnets and each electromagnet having a spool-shaped core, and a keeper extending from the neighborhood of one core to the neighborhood of the other, said electromagnets being located between said magnets and said keeper whereby a magnetic circuit may be established including said magnets, said cores and said keeper.

5. In a magneto, a shaft carrying an armature comprising coils and adapted to be located in a magnetic field and forming'two induction systems having a gear located between them, a coupling comprising two members, each connected to one of said systems to rotate therewith and both vconnected to said gear, and a distributor comprising a distributor arm and a gear in mesh with said armature gear whereby said distributor arm may be rotated, said armature being electrically connected to supply current to said distributor and mechanically connected thereto to cause the rotation thereof.

FRANK I. GIBSON.

GRISWOLD S. HAYWARD.

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