US1176805A - Magneto-machine. - Google Patents

Description

H. H. WIX'ON.

MAGNETO MACHINE. Y APPLICATION ,FILED DEC. @1910. 1,176,805. Patented Mar. 28,1916.

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H. HJWIXON.

MAGNETO MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 17,1910.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

48 7 M45 5 3 4 nu/ 3 2 .Mm 9 .I 5 W9) I\ E QIJ 3 6 5 6 M InveTc-m Howard H. IlI/'IIXIIIl-lfv Wl messes 107 Original application led Manch 4, 1910, Serial No. 547,190. Divided. and this application fried UNITED' sTATEs PATENT HowAriD H. WIXON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO STROMBERG MOTOR DEVICES COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A OORPORTION 01E' ILLINOIS.

MAGNETO-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Mar. 8,1ttn.

lecember 17, 1910. Serial No. 597,741.

To all whom z't may concern.' Be it known that I, HOWARD H.,W1X0N, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, having invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Magneto-'Machines, of' which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part df this specication.

)1y invention relates to electric generators and its object is to provide sucha device 1n which the various parts are arranged with great compactness, presenting a structure occupying a 'comparatively small amount of 'space without sacrificing anything in the line of efficiency, thereby securing many mechanical and electrical advantages.

The main feature of my invention is the provision of a stationary induction winding, having both primary and secondary coils.

Other features will be readily understood by consideration of the structure shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view and Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken approximately on, the plane of the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

This case is divisional from my copending application Serial,#5fl7190 filed March 4, 1910. Y

Referring to the drawings, the main framework of the machine comprises a nonmagnetic base portion 1, a pair of magnetic side portions Q, 2, a non-magnetic top portion 3, and supporting end plates 4t and 5, all held together in some suitable manner, for instance, by means of screws 6, 6. The permanent magnets 7, 7 are in good m`agnetic contact with the side pieces 2, and, extending upwardly, embrace some of the working parts of the machine, as is usual in the art. The main framework thus described has the central cylindrical bore or space 8, the sides of which form the polar faces 9, 9. In this cylindrical space within the framework is arranged a stationary induction y means is provided, which, in

side of the coils, as indicated cross section ally in Fig. 1. This induction winding is a unitary part which may be readily inserted in place in the magneto and as readily withdrawn therefrom, after the other parts located in the. cylindrical spacing have been removed, as will hereinafter appear. The cylindrical ridge 13 on the outside of the winding is just sufliciently smaller in diameter than the space in the framework to permit the winding being inserted within the framework 'and held stationarily therein. 1n order to properly guide the winding in place when it is inserted within the framework fof the magneto, suitable guiding the specific instance shown, consists of a lug 14, carried by the winding, and coperating groove 15, provided at a suitable point on the framework within the cylindrical space', as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2. vAs a further locking means for the winding when in place, a lspring pressed lug 16 supported in the framework by the screw threaded tube 17 is .adapted to enter a recess 18 in the peripheral ridge of the winding. Upon withdrawal of the winding, the yielding lug 16 will be forced out of the recess. By thus providing guiding and locking means for the winding, it will always be possible to place thewinding on the machine in exactly the same position.. This is important when it is considered that` soV the same with respect to thecon# by some such suitable guiding 'and locking means as above described.

Passing axially through the-winding. is

the armature shaft 19, rotatably supportedl in bearings QOand 21. The bearing 20y is carried by thesupplementary end platef22,

screwed to ytheframework of the machine by means of screws 23 and the bearing 21v is.

mounted in the support 23, which is clamped.

.these scre\v.-tl 1readed portions, setscrews 29 and 30 being provided on the inductor members to prevent accidental disarrangement of .the polar extensions after they have been fastened in position on the armature shaft.l

Any other approved means of securing these inductor members to the armature shaft may be obviously7 employed, although the screwthreaded arrangement between the parts has the advantage of readily permitting axial as `well as radial adjustment ,of the iniductor members on the armature shaft. rlihe inductor members, as well as the armature shaft are of magnetic material-at least that portionof the armature shaftwhich 1s included between the inductor members. It will 'therefore be seen that the armature shaft constitutes a rotatable magnetic core for the ,stationary induction winding. The angular position of the inductor members 25 and 26 on thel armature shaft is such that they lie substantially diametrically opposite, as indicated. in F ig. l.. In order .to provide a large surface on faces of the indu'ctor members, I preferably form the latter substantially as shown in .F ig. l, from which it will be seen lthat the inductor members are provided with axial elongations 3l and 32, respectively, these elongations project into spaces 33 formed between the winding and the sur! rounding surface of the main framework. By this arrangement the lengthv of the machine is reduced, since, if the elongations of the inductor members projected outwardly away from each other, it would be necessary to lengthen the pole pieces accordingly, or else materiallyv reduce the length of the in lduction winding, and thusreduce the elliciency of the machine.

The operation of the machine thus far described will be apparent to those skilled in the art. As the armature is rotated or oscillated, the magnetic flux of the field will be periodically short circuited through the winding, first in the one direction and then in the reverse direction. This short circuiting of the flux ta kes place when the inductor members are moving opposite the pole pieces. as indicated in Fig. 2. where the polar eX- tension 26 is shown in a yposition 90o from the position indicated in Fig. 1. lVhen the armature is in the position shown in Fig. 2, the magnetic flux will pass, (assuming the poles of the magnets as indicated b v N and -S,) fromthepnorth pole piece, inthe inductor member ,25, through the winding in a direction away from the observer. returnim by way of the inductor member QG to tho opposite pole piece. lithen the armature is in-a position 180 from that indicated in Fig. QLthe magnetic 'flux will be reversed through the stationary winding, passing from the north pole piece into the induclor member 2G, through the armature in a direction toward the observer, and .returning through ,thepolar extension into the south pole piece.

lVhen the inductor is set nrrotatixLman electromotive force is induced in the winding hyp-the action ofthe field magnet. lf now the primary vcoil is short circuited, the eurrent flowing therethrough vgenerates lines of magneticv force which largely neutralizes the existing magnetic `ield--that is, they force back or oppose a change of .magnetism through the coil. As soon as the circuit in the primary is broken, the coi'interaction of the eneratedv opposing l'lux ceases. Gering' to the change which therel'iy instantaneously arises in the mimber of the lines ot force passing through the second a ry coil from the field magnets, the potential rises so high .in the secondary coil that a spark is produced across the spark plug to ignite the explosive mixture in the engine cylinder.

rEhe wire in the primary coil is comparatively coarse. and comprises comparatively few turns, I.while the wire .constituting the secondary coil is comparativel) line and comprises a comparatively large number of turns, .in vorder that the electromotive .force generated in the secondary coil mayvbe Sulliciently high to cause sparking at theA spark plugs of the engine cylinders. This is armatter of mere n'iathen'iatical calculationtothose skilled in the art. and no further explanation is necessary here on that point. 'T he flux-carrying portion of the armature shaft is laminated a ill in order to obviate or. reduce to a minimum the eddy currents set` up by the flux variations` Thisavoids undue heating ofthe armature metal Aand consequent waste of energy. The laminations lie, of course, in the plane of the -inductor ymembers of the armature, Las indicated in the drawings. In order to sacrifice nothing of the rigidity ofthe armature shaft, only the major portion of the latter is laminated, the laminations 3ft bein secured in the cut-away portion The armature shaft 19 has an extension 36, to which is rigidly secured-the yoke 37, having at its oppositeends a pair of rollers 38 and 39. AThese rollers are insulated from the yoke, as clearly shown in Fig. l. The yoke constitutes the movable Contact member of an interrupter when the device `is used for-sparlnng purposes, this interrollers 38 and 39 coperate with movable' contact springs 40 and 41 associated with stationary contacts (not shown) to break the primary .circuit of an ignition system periodically.

When the device of my invention is used for ignition purposes, it is necessary that some sort of a distributer be employed when a multi-cylinder engine is associated therewith. The distributer illustrated in the drawings comprises the subject matter of my copending application Serial #580,718, filed Sept. 6th, 1910, which case'is also divisional from my copending application serial #541,190, tied March 4th, 1910. In.

this description suffice it to that a plurality of contacts are stationarilymounted in the insulating casing 42, secured to the end plate 5 means of screws 43. The contacts are individually connected with the respective spark plugs by means of suitable leads. An auxiliary shaft 44 is mounted in the bearings 45 and 46, set into end plates y 4 and 5, respectively, anti-friction balls 47,

47 being provided, and carries the gear 48 incased between the end plate 4 and supplevmentary end plate 22. This gear meshes with the pinion 49 secured upon the main shaft 19. The auxiliary shaft 44 beyond the bearing 46carries the insulating block 50,

which operates in a circular pocket 51 in the casing42, this pocket being covered by a mica plate 52. The insulating block 50 carries the contact member 53, Whichis adaptedto contactsuccess'ively with the rotary contacts, all. as shown and described in detail in my copending application last referred to. The insulating block 50 also' carries a spark electrode 54, which is spaced from a metallic point l55 on the auxiliary shaft to form a spark gap, which is described in my copending application just referred to as a combined safety and testing spark gap the auxiliary shaft 44 is provided with a central insulating portion 56 and the parts just referred to are connected in circuit with the windings of the stationary induction coil by means of the ring 57 and plungers 58 and 59, the pin 60 connecting the plunger 58 with' the metallic partof the auxiliary shaft. The plunger 59 is connected with one terminal of the secondary coil by contacting with the end of the coil which is run out to the surface, as indicated by the conductor 61, the other end of this coil being connected with the machine frame. The same general construction is employed in. connecting one terminal of the primary winding with the plug in the bottom part 1. Insulating block 62, which is mounted into part 3 of the gentions which pass through said winding.'

iliaryV shaft'passes, and in which the plungers 58'and 59 are mounted, is provided with a connectiuffarrangement GB which leads `to the'primarycoil, this arrangement comprising the stems G4 and G5 and the spring 7c 66, all as shown in Fig. 2.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent l 1. A magneto-generator comprising, incombination, a plurality of permanent mag- `.75 nets, a pair of pole-pieces in Contact with said magnets, said pole-pieces having their polar faces curved in the arc of a circle, a stationary generator winding arranged within the space between the pole-pieces, and means for guiding said winding into a predetermined position between the pole-pieces.

2. A magneto-generator comprising,` in combination, a plurality of permanent magnets, a. pair of pole-pieces in contact with said magnets, said polepieces having their polar faces curved in the arc of a circle, a stationary generator winding arranged Within the space between the pole-pieces, and a latch for securing said winding against disarrangement when in position between said pole-pieces,.said latch permitting ready removal of the winding.

3. In a lmagneto-generator, the combination of a field-frame, a stationary winding arranged axially within said field-frame, a rotatable armature shaft passing through said winding-'to constitute the core thereof, the core-portion of the armature shaft'having a transverse slot filled with laminations, and an inductor member removably securedl to said shaft ateither end of the winding for reversing the magnetic flux therethrough as the shaft is rotated.

4. In a magneto generator, a cylindrical magnetic armature shaft having a transverse slot lled with coextensive lamina-i tions.

5. In a magneto-generator, the combina-- tion of a field-frame, a stationary winding arranged axially within said field-frame, and a rotatable armature for reversing the magnetic flux through said winding, said armature having a slot filled with lamina- 6. In a magneto-generator for ignition purposes, the combination of a non-magnetic base-portion, a pair of magnetic .sideportions secured to said base-portion and forming pole-pieces, a non-magnetic topportion secured to said pole-pieces and provided With an opening, said four portions' constituting a hollow framework, magnets in contact with said polepieces, a stationary induction-winding arranged within said 125 framework, an unwound armature rotatable within said framework for reversing the magnetic flux through said winding, an in-

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