US1698443A - Method of removing copper oxide from copper - Google Patents

Method of removing copper oxide from copper Download PDF

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Publication number
US1698443A
US1698443A US703122A US70312224A US1698443A US 1698443 A US1698443 A US 1698443A US 703122 A US703122 A US 703122A US 70312224 A US70312224 A US 70312224A US 1698443 A US1698443 A US 1698443A
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United States
Prior art keywords
copper
slag
oxide
molten
copper oxide
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Expired - Lifetime
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US703122A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiram S Lukens
Russell P Heuer
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to BE361729D priority Critical patent/BE361729A/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US703122A priority patent/US1698443A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1698443A publication Critical patent/US1698443A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
    • C22B15/0054—Slag, slime, speiss, or dross treating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
    • C22B15/006—Pyrometallurgy working up of molten copper, e.g. refining

Definitions

  • Our invention relates to the deoxidation ot copper.
  • @ur main purpose is to deoxidize molten copper by and to use the slag over and over, reducing the oxide taken up by the slag either between the deoxidizing uses ot the slag or preferably when circumstances permit continuously during ⁇ the deoxidizing use oi the slag.
  • A. further purpose is to pass molten copper intermittently or continuously-through a bath in which its copper oxide is with drawn by a slag.
  • a further purpose is to provide a slag above the molten metal and immiscible to the metal, into which the copper oxide Within. the metal may di''luse and in which the diffused copper oxide may be reduced chemically or electrically or otherwise to permit. continued. diffusion and extraction ot' the copper oxide from the metal into the slag. y
  • ri further purpose, alternatively is to provide for intermittent or progressive removal. of portions ot the slag; tor treatment to reduce its copper oxide content with corresponding substitution o' fresh slag low in copper oxide for that removed.
  • a 'further purpose 1s to contnniously take out copper oxide from a slag ⁇ surinoimtinp ⁇ a bath ot .molten copper by electroyltic action.
  • a li'lrther purpose is to utilize a dcoxidif/.ingl slag ⁇ tor deoxidizingg a bath ot molten metal :it the same time that it is being treated by a reducing ⁇ means, chemical or electrolytic, to prevent accumulation of oxide in the slap; and to return to the bath the tree metal ot the oxide removed, pret'- crably making ⁇ the molten metal one ot' the electrolytic poles when the clectrolytic method used.
  • Our invention relates both to the metl'iods or processes involved and to apparatus by which these methods or processes may be carried out.
  • Figure l is a vertical section of diagrammatic apparatus using' our invention.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 show diagrammatically desirable arrangements of or schemes for operation, somewhat dierent in the two Serial No. 703,122.
  • Figure l is a ternary diagram 'for the ternary system of copper, copper-oxide and a hypothetical slag, showing the tie,lines at one temperature.
  • Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 are each representative of (litter-ent experimental testsV or series oi" tests, showing the experimentally deter ⁇ mined tie-lines el' the two liquid phases with different slags. n
  • different slags may have very different concentrations of copper oxide, which accounts for their corresponding diiferent etl'ectivenesses for the removal of copper oxide from the molten copper. lhatever the slag there will at equilibrium be a definite concentration of copper-oxide in the slag for each concentration (no matter how small) in the copper, so that any one or many different slags may be used, but with very different eifectivenesses.
  • the slag deoxidation to remove copper oxide so thatV the slag may be used again or may be used continuously, the slag is treated to remove copper-oxide.Y By electrolysis or other means the concentration of copperoxide in the slag may be reduced practically to Zero, and it follows that the copper phase in equilibrium with such slag will approximate Zero content of copper-oxide.
  • Ve remove the copper-oxide from the molten copper by bringing the latter into contact with a slag and treat this slag to keep its copper-oxide content at or below a required amount.
  • composition of the liquid phase or phases presentin the three-component system, copper, copper-oxide and slag, at. a given temperature is graphically indicatedv in the ternary equilibrium diagram of Figure 4, which shows a diagram with a hy-v pothetical slag miscible when molten with molten copper-oxide and immiscible with molten copper.
  • Lacey-i are self-enplanatory, the composition of the slag used being; noted upon each tie-line. Freni these figures it will be noted that. there is a Wide divergence in the etiectivenesses ot the slags used. Among the better slags are seen to be the chlorides oi? calcium or bariuin niixed with a, litt-le sodium berate, and the chlorides of sodiuni or potassium mixed with a little sodium silicate, phosphate or berate. Sodium silicate alone and the chloride of i'iotassiuni or sodium alone is seen to be less ell'ective.
  • Figure l illustrates one et niany arrangements if'or carrying ⁇ out, our process.
  • Molten copper is intrmluced at into the body 16 ot the deo. idr/ling ⁇ tui-nace 1T. i trunnion and tilting; ⁇ ineclianaria is indicated diagraminatically tor periodic pouring after the cog-- pf-r has been deoxiiilined or desired the discliarge niay be by oi'eriloiv (intermittent or continuous) at a spout lll.
  • Vllhe retractory 19 seals tbe slap; lroni ille copper inlet and outlet and keeps ille heat in the furnace.
  • Abm/'o the slap' which covers the niolten copper may be aovnntagwuslv Vfloated a layer ot carbon to help deoiidize the slag, or (and) a reducing p jas or hydrocarbon inigjglit be. :introduced ,into tbe slag or above th sl" e; as at Qt), 20 respectively, 'for the saine purpose. liberated carbon monoxide or other gas el'l'luent escapes trin the furnace at 2l.
  • Positive electrodes fil and 25 are provided above the slag 'for electrolytic deposit-ion ot the copper of the Cu2@ dill'used from the metal. bath into the The niolten copper of the bath toi-ins the negative electrode, electric connection being made :troni it, as indicated diagrammatically at 2G, to the source ot direct current, not shown.
  • an alternating voltage may be impressed across the two carbon electrodes shown or across any other suitable electrodes (such as the pole pieces shown), the and nietal bath being, ⁇ thereby used as a resistor tor heating purposes
  • Figure 2 indicates an advantageous scheine tor carrying out our process when the raw material requiring purification is substantially 'free troni other metals or niet-allie oxides than et copper.
  • the raw material is clnirged in toe melting furnace, and the inolten product containing ⁇ copper oxide as inpuriiv delivered continuously or internntleiitly to the deoxidizing.furnace which nia)r advaiitageously be as shown in ⁇ Figure l.
  • ⁇ 'ie rav.' material contain metallic iinpurities, these impurities may be removed. in this process.
  • Figure 3 Illustrates a scheine ot operation which accomplishes this.
  • the slowing tiunace shown receives niolten ine ,ai with impurities, ironi the melting iurnace. lt this nietal be oxidized, oxides of the metallic inipuritiessuch as Pb@ accompany the copper oxide into the slag'.
  • the impure'slag1 is Withdrawn continuously or intermittently and reduced in the separate reducing furnace to avoid containinating the dcoxidized inetal With the reduction products of the slag.
  • lllfith strong' reducinggv agents there may be slight disadvantageous reduction of a portion oi the original slag.
  • This is advantageously corrected by treating' the reduction product :l'roin the reducing furnace with a suitable sinall portion of the unreduced slag' Wnicli reoxidixes the reduced portion ot the slag for eturn with the slap; product troni the reducing' furnace to the slugging' 'furnace as indicated.
  • the invention which consists in slagging preliminarily melted copper With a material in which copper-oxide has low partial free energy as compared to its partial free energy in the same concentration in the mole ten copper, and Vtreating the slag' for use again.
  • the step which consists in slagging the molten copper with a slag having lower partial free energy of copper oxide than the partial free energy of the copper oxide in the copper, and treating the slag for use again.
  • the process of deoxidizing molten cop- -ier continuously which consists in covering the molten copper with slag capable of taking up copper oxide and electrolytically removinf ⁇ copper from the copper oxide content or the slag, as a continuing operation While it is taking up copper oxide from the copper.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
US703122A 1924-03-31 1924-03-31 Method of removing copper oxide from copper Expired - Lifetime US1698443A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE361729D BE361729A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1924-03-31
US703122A US1698443A (en) 1924-03-31 1924-03-31 Method of removing copper oxide from copper

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US703122A US1698443A (en) 1924-03-31 1924-03-31 Method of removing copper oxide from copper

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US1698443A true US1698443A (en) 1929-01-08

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US (1) US1698443A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE361729A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998015665A1 (de) * 1996-10-10 1998-04-16 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zum abreichern von hochschmelzenden materialien unter verwendung eines schmelzgefässes und eines elektro-reduktionsgefässes
US20150143951A1 (en) * 2012-06-13 2015-05-28 Outotec (Finland) Oy Method and arrangement for refining copper concentrate

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998015665A1 (de) * 1996-10-10 1998-04-16 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zum abreichern von hochschmelzenden materialien unter verwendung eines schmelzgefässes und eines elektro-reduktionsgefässes
US20150143951A1 (en) * 2012-06-13 2015-05-28 Outotec (Finland) Oy Method and arrangement for refining copper concentrate
US9580771B2 (en) * 2012-06-13 2017-02-28 Outotec (Finland) Oy Method and arrangement for refining copper concentrate

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Publication number Publication date
BE361729A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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