US1692758A

US1692758A - nogrady

Info

Publication number: US1692758A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1928-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 1945-11-20

Description

Nov. 20, 1928. 1,692,758

- H. NOGRADYY MULTIPLE YEAR CALENDAR Filed July 25, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 20, 1928.

. 1,692,758 H. NOGRADY MULTIPLE YEAR CALENDAR Filed July 25, 1927 s Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented l lov. Fill, i923.

'NOGBADY, OF DETEGET, JRZICHIGEN, ASEZIGEEIO OF (ENE-HALF T0 ALEXhl-TDER WEISS, OF FOR-D5031, MIC iIGAl l Application filed July 25,

This invention relates to multiple year calendars and has as an object to provide an improved form of such a calendarwhich can be readily used by any one without detailed or intricate instructions as to its use.

Another feature of the calender of this invention is that it shows the entire calender month one ing for the month and year desired, and also shows on its face the month and year for which it is set.

Another feature is that the year ordinals are arranged in numerical order to facilitate the ready finding of the desired year ordinal to permit quick setting of the calendar for any year shown thereon.

Another feature is the provision for showing correctly the entire calendar months for leap years without any special calculations or corrections to be made by the user.

Another feature of this invention is that a four hundrec. year calendar made according to this invention will not .be of excessive size, and since our calendar repeats itself every four hundred years, such a calendar will in fact be a perpetual calendar.

Another feature is that with such a perpetual calendar any month for any year in the past or far in the future can be readily and quickly shown.

Another feature is the si iplieity and cc: any of manufacture of calendars made ar ling to the principles of this invention. urther objects and advantages of the sent invention will be apparent from the description, reference being had accompanying drawings, wherein a 'cferred form of embodiment of the prest invention is clearly shown. In the drawings: is a View of the rear disk of a ior the years 1920 to 1942 inclusive. a front view of the calendar, wit 1 the front disk pivoted upon the rear dish of Fig. 1 and disclosing through two arcuate cutaway portions of said front disk certain portions of the rear disk,

ois a view of the rear disk of a four hundred year calendar made according to invention to be used as a perpetual cal cndar simply by adding 400 or multiples of to the year, ordinals shown when setting calendar for any year of any century.

Fig. l is a front view of the perpetual calendar, with the front disk pivoted rear disk of Fig. 3 and disclosing 1927. Serial No. 1;;

through a cut-away portion at the top seven radial columns of year ordinals on the rear disk, and through a cut-away portion near the bottom a calendar month of 31 days properly arranged in weeks on the rear disk. Referring to the drawings; a designates the rear disk of the calendar of Figs. 1 and 2 and b the rront disk shown in Fig. 2. Disk 0: is divided by radial lines a into a number of equal sectors which is a multiple of seven, in this particu ar case, 28 sectors. These 28 sectors are divided into groups of seven each by the points (1, and four conuterclockwise spira lines 6 begin at these four points 03 and extend with an equal pitch around the isk from the innr circle f to the outer circle g. It clear that the radials 0 and the spirals a will intersect to divide the annular area it between circles f and 9 into four rows of blocks. It will also be clear umerals from 1 to 31 be placed on each spiral row of blocks beginning with the inside blocks adjacent the four points (Z and running counterlockwise the numerals in any single radial column of these blocks will increase by 7 from th inside to the outside block, for instance the radial column adjacent any one of the four points cl will be 1 8, 15, 22, 29 and the next adjacent column will be 2, 9, 16 23, 30, etc. It will now also be clear that any mutually adjacent seven of these radial columns will properly represent a calendar month of 31 days properly divided into weeks and beginnig on any day the week depending upon which column the numeral 1 a pears in.

On the peripheral margin of disk a outside the circle 9 the year ordinals are applied one ordinal to each sector running in numerical order in a clockwise direction but with a blank sector immediately preceding each leap year ordinal. In this particular case the ordinals of years from 1920 to 1%2 inclusive are used and it will be noted that the leap years 1924:, 1928, 1932. 1936 and 1940 have blank sectors immediately preceding them. The leap year ordinal 1920 is the starting point and hence it is not necessary to have a blank sector immediately prior thereto.

Now the front disk Z) is pivotally mounted coaxially upon the rear disk at by any suitable pivot means such as the small metal tubular rivet y" (see Fig. 2). This disk Z) has an arcuate cut-out portion or hole 70 of dar oi 31 days properly divided into weeks and. beginning on any desired day of the week dependmg upon the setting oi disk 6 upon disk a, this necessarily being true due to the construction oil disk (4 as hereinabove described.

Now the remaining problem in constructing the calendar is to provide index means on disk Z) having a certain relation to any certain year ordinal on disk (2 whereby disk Z9 can be properly set for any desired month of any desired year ordinal and cause hole is to expose the correct monthly calendar for the desired month and year. This problem can be solved in the following manner:

Vi e know that January 1st for the year 1922 fell on Sunday. lVe also know the following to be always true for normal years (not leap years) Feb. 1st always fallson same day of week as. Jan. 4th.

Mar. 1st always falls on same day of week as, Feb. 1st or Jan. 4th.

Apr. 1st always falls on same day or week Mar. lt-h or Jan. 7th.

May 1st always falls on same day of week as Apr. 3rd or Jan. 9th or Jan. 2nd.

June 1st always falls on same day of week as May 1th or Jan. 5th.

July 1st always falls on same. day of week as June 3rd or Jan. 7th.

Aug. 1st always fallson same day of week as July 4th or J an. 10th or Jan. 3rd.

Sept. 1st always falls on same day of week as Aug. lth or Jan. 6th.

Oct. 1st alwaystalls on same day of week as Sept. 3rd or Jan. 8th or Jan. 1st.

Nov. always falls on same day of week Oct. lth or Jan. ith.

Dec. 1st always falls on. same day of week as Nov. 3rd or Jan. (3th.

Jan. 1st of succeding year falls on same day Dec. 41th or Jan. 9th or Jan. 2nd.

\Ve now set disk 7) so that the exposed calendar month begins on Sunday, and then mark the index Jan. on disk Z) to register with the ordinal 1922 on the rear disk at. The to expose the peripheral margin of seven sectors on the rear disk (4, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and seven corresponding sectors laid oil on disk 7) with the index Jan. on the sector to the right. From the above table we learn that Feb. 1, 1922 began on same day as J 4th, or \Vednesday. \Ve theretore mark the index Febf on disk F) in the fourth sector to the left, counting as the first sector that marked with the index Jan. It will be readily seen that it index Feb. be turned clockwise to register with disk 72 has an arcuate hole m cut therein.

the ordinal 1922, the calendar month will then begin on Wednesday, which will be correct. The above table also informs us that March 1st falls on same day as Feb. 1st; hence index Mar. is placed in same sector with. Feb. April 1st falls on same day as Jan. 7th; hence index Apr.'is placed on seventh sector to the left. May 1st falls on same day as Jan. 2nd; hence index May is placed on second sector. June 1st falls on same. day as Jan. 5th; henceindex June is placed on fifth sector. July 1st falls on same day as Jan. 7th; hence index July is placed on seventh sector with Apr. August 1st falls on same day as Jan. 3rd; hence-index Aug. is placed on third sector. Sept. 1st falls on same day as Jan. 6th; hence index Sept. is placed on the sixth sector. Oct. 1st falls on same day as Jan. 1st; hence index Oct. is placed on first sector with Jan. Nov. 1st falls on same day as Jan. 41th; hence index Nov. is placed on fourth sector with Feb? and Man. Dec. 1st falls on same day as Jan. 6th; hence index Dec. is placed on sixth sector with" Sept.

t will now be clear that it the index for any month on disk I) be turned opposite the ordinal 1922 on the disk (1 the hole in he disk Z) will expose a calendar month beginning; on the correct day of the week. For the proper use of the calendar then, it is only necessary to remember that Feb, Apr, June, Sept, andNov. do not have 81 days. The above table also shows (as every one knows) that innormal years Janrlst of the next succeeding year italls on same day as Jan. 2nd of theinstant year. Theretor Jan. 1st, 1923 falls or Monday. Now since the ordinal 1923 is placed in the next sector to the right of ordinal 1922, it will be clear that ifthe index Jan. be set to register with ordinal 1923' the exposed calendar month will begin on Monday. which will be correct for January, 1923. From the above explanation of the arrangement of the monthly indexes on disk 7) it must follow that it January is correct all. the remaining months must also be correct when their indexes are set to register with the ordinal. 19231 And so the calendar operates in this manner for all other normal years (not leap years).

However a correction must be made in the operation of the calendar to take care of the extra day in February of leap year. As previously described, each leap year ordinal has a blank sector immediately preceding it. Take, for instance, the leap year 1924. A blank sector lies between the ordlnals for 1923' and 1924. Therefore if the index J an. be set to register with 192%, January 1st will be moved two days later in the week over January 1st, 1923 and i "1 tall on WVednesday, instead, of Tuesday, should.

Consequently February let, it the indexes be used in the ordinary manner, will also be moved two days later in the week over February 1st, 1923, and will therefore be incorrect. However, since the extra day oi the leap year occurs before March 1st, when the index Mar is set opposite the ordinal 1924 March 1st will fall two days later in the week over March 1st, 1923, and will be correct. Also all the remaining months of the year will be correct when their indexes are used in the ordinary manner.

Now to correct for the leap year error in the two months of January and February, these two montiis are given special indexes to be used only during leap years, while their normal indexes are to be used during. all normal years as previously described. In Fig. 2 th e special index for January is marked JAN and is placed in the seventh sector with indexes Apr? and July. It ill be obvious that when this special. index for January is used the month will begin a day earlier in the week than when the normal index is used, thereby making the calendar correct :tor the month of January during a leap year. Similarly the special index for Feb ruary is marked FEB and is placed in the third sector instead o t in the fourth, thereby correcting for the blank sector preceding the lea ear ordinals on disk a Cllllllio' a leap year, Preferably these special indexes for January and February are peculiarly marked corresponding to the marking of the leap year ordinals, whereby t is marking itself will suggest that these special indexes be used'during leap years. For instance, these special indexes may have a distinctive form or" lettering, or coloring, or shading, corresponding to that 0?: the leap year ordinals while the remaining ordinals and indexes are plain or non-distinctive. In Figs. 1 and 2, the leap year ordinals on disk (I. have simply been underlined corresponding to the underlining of the special indexes for January and February.

The calendar shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is for the years 1920 to 1942 inclusive. Obviously the principles of this invention can be readily used for making a calendar tor any other similar period of years, or for a much longer or even shorter period of years. All the instructions necessary for the use of this calendar is as follows: Set the desired month opposite the desired year during normal years, while in leap years use the special in dexes for the months of January and F ebruary. For example, the setting of the calendar in Fig, 2 is correct for the month of February, 1920, since the special index is set to register with the leap year ordinal 1920. I

Figs. 3 and 4 show a four hundred year calendar, usable as a perpetual calendar,

three sectors, thereby priwidingiiye OTillapping spiral rows of blocks for the llllillGl'dlS to 31. These numerals are applied in the same relation as he "above deseribed for nainel the numerals are a aged in the spiral rows and radial colui s hat any mutually adjacent seven of the radial columns will properly represent a calendar month of 31 days properly di .t into weeks and beginning on any day of week depending upon which column the numeral 1 appears in.

The annular area outside e circle G on disk A is divided into four circular rows of spaces each since there are 120 radial sec tors. l low beginning with the year 1 the year ordinal s from 1 to 100 are applied to the spaces on the inside row, leaving a blank space precedii each of the 24 leap years. .17 erefore. the ordinals from 1 to 100 lack on; two spaces of completely fillin the 120 spaces in the inner row. Similar ordinals from 101 to 200 are ap next circular row, be

b Inc 01 lrll 100. Also similarly the year ordinals from 201 to 300 are applied in the third row, and the year ordinals from 30l to are lied in the fourth or outside row, alw vs continuinn around in a clockwise dire 'on from ordinal 1 to ordinal 400 and wiin a blank sector only in front of each leap year ordinal. It is to be noted that the G .rrorian calendar prov s that all years di. 2

ibl i y l shall be leap years exceptingyears di i ble by 100 but not by 400. Therefore years 100, 200 and 300 will not be leap years and will not be immediately preceded by blank sector, but year 4-00 will. be a leap year and hence will be preceded by a blank N ow the front disk B pivotally mounted coaxially upon the rear disk A, in 2, and the arcuate hole K cut away to expose seven mutually adjacent radial columns of days of the iii-onth ordinals on dis: i'i l). The problem oi locating the u indexes on disk B so that, when the month index is set in registration desired year ordinal on disk A, the will expose the correct monthly calei solved in exactly the same way as heretofore described for the modification shown in Figs. 1 and 2. That is, some modern date is used as a startling o I or in e January 1, 22, which i iown Sunday. But since the calendar i'eueats itseli? every 400 years the ordinal 322 stands also for the years T22, 1122, 1522, 1922, 2822, etc. Therefore the ordinal 322 can he used for properly locating the hole M and .ionth indexes o: in exactly the same way the ordinal 1&22 was used. as de scribed her ,jahove in the calendar of Figs. l and 2. It will he noted the twelve normal month indr'res and the special indexes for January and F ililllilly appear in '"i tin l e positions as they Roman ordinals of for the normal indexes s are used for the special and February in order to make a clear distil r ion between them in the drawings. ln this calend it is preferred to print the lep year ordinals on disk A and the spe l es on disk B in a color diiieren i of the remain-- ing ordinals and "ies clearly suggest when the special should he used.

with the ct 400 or a multiple of 400 from the year desired and use the resultantrema nder as the year ordinal appearing on disk n.

.Vith such a perpetual calendar one find out in only several seconds on wha' of the week his own birl lay or any important hist r10 '1 event occurred. For in stance, the ng of the disks it and B shown in Fig. l disclose that July 4:, 1776 tell on Thursday. It is believed such a calendar will he very useful in certain businesses where calendars for past and future months must be frequently consulted, as it will be much qui ker and simpler to set this calendar for the month desired than will he to search among other -lorms of calendars. lVllllO the form of embodiment oi the present invention herein disclosed, contutcs a preferred form, it is to he understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope ot the claims which follow.

What is cl red is as follows:

1. A i ultiple year calendar comprising: a disk ha e ordinals of a number of years arrang in numerical order in a ring but with blank spaces preceding leap years, radial lines i'lividirg said disk into sectors corresponding to year ordinals, a series oi ordinals for of a month circularly spaced accord' said sectors and arranged spirally upon said. diskin such manner any seven adjacent sectors will properly represent a calenda month divided into weeks, and second disk arranged coaxially wito. said first disk and rotatable thereupon, said second disk having a sector cut out exposing a calendar month on the first disk, and also having a portion cut out exposng plurality oi the year ordinals in ti 1 a t said ring, and indexes identifying the twelve calendar months arranged each thereupon so as to he registerable with any one or said year ordinals and individually located in such relative position with said out out sector that when the index for a certain month is set opposite a certain year ordinal the exposed calendar monthwill be correct for said certain month and year.

2. A multipleyear calendar comprising: a disk havir he ordinals of a number of years arranged a numerical order in a ring but with blank spaces preceding leap years, radial lines dividingsaid disk into sectors corresponding to said year ordinals, a series of ordinals for days of a month circularly spaced according to said sectors and arranged spirally upon said disk in such manner that any seven adjacent sectors will properly represent a calendar month divided into we ks, and a second disk arranged coaxially with said first disk and rotatable thereimon, said second disk having a sector cut out exposing a calendar month on the lirst disk, and having indexes indentifying the twelve calendar months each arranged thereon so as to be registerahle with any one of said year ordinals and individually located in such relative position to said cut out sector that when the index for a certain month is turned to a position corresponding to a certain year ordinal on the rear disk the exposed calendar month Will be correct for said certain month and year except forthe months of January and February in leap ears.

' 3. A multiple year calendar comprising: a disk having the ordinals of a number of years arranged in numerical order in a ring but withhlank spaces preceding leap years, radial lines dividing said disk into sectors corresponding to said year ordinals, a series of ordinals for days of a month circularly spaced according to said sectors and arranged spirally upon said disk in such manner that any seven adjacent sectors. will properly represent a calendar month divided into weeks, and a second disk arranged coaxially with said first disk and rotatable thereupon, said second disk having a sector cut out exposing a calendar month on the first disk, and. having. indexes identifying the twelve calendar months each arranged thereon so as to be registerable with any one 01 said year ordinals and individually located in such relative position to said out out sector that when the index for a certain month is turned to a position corresponding to a certain year ordinal on the rear disk,

4. A multiple year calendar comprising: a disk havi the ordinals of a number of years arr n .d in numerical order in a ring preceding leap years, a said disk into sectors ng to said year ordinals, a series or days of a month circularly to said sectors and arrange upon said disk in such manha; any seven ad acent sectors will properly repre ent a calendar month divided into weeks, and a second disk arranged coaxialiy with said first disk and rotatable therein n, said second disk having a sector cut our exposing a calendar month on the first disk, and having indexes identifying the twelve calendar months each arranged thereon so as to be registerable with any one of said year ordinals and individually located sucl relative posit-ion to said out out sector that when the index for a certain month is turned to a position corresponding to a certain oar ordinal on the rear disk the exposed r month will be correct for said cere and year except for the months in leap years, and

spacer nary to be similarly used only in leap years, said special indexes and the ordinals of the leap being correspondingly rod to suggest their use at the proper mu, le year calendar comprising; two disks rotatably mounted upon each oth r, the rear disk being divided into a nruuber of sectors by radial lines and having a series of numerals from 1 to 31 arranged spirally around said disks and spaced according to said sectors, and also having ordinals of certain years spaced in a peripheral direction according to said sectors, the front disk having a portion cut away to expose the numerals on seven adjacent sectors on said rear disk which numerals will represent a calendar month divided into weeks and beginning on any day of the week dependent on the relative setting of said two disks, said front disk also having identifying indexes for the twelve calendar months each arranged thereon so as to be registerable with any one of said year ordinals and individually located in such relative position to said cutaway portion that when the index for a certain month is t rned to a position corresponding to a in year ordinal on said rear disk the exposed calendar month will be correct for said certainmonth and year except only for the months of January and February in leap years.

6. A. multiple year calendar comprising: two disks rotatably mounted upon each other, the rear disk being ivided into a number of sectors by radial lines and having a series of numerals l to 81 arranged spirally rrom around said disk and spaced according to on so as to be regi additional soeclal indexes for J anuar and said sectors, and also having ordinals of certain years spaced in a peripheral di ection accort ing to saic sectors, the front disk hava portion out way to expose the numerals on seven adjacent sect on said disk which numerals will re -result a calendar month divided into weeks and beginning on any day of the week dependent on the relative settin of said 0 disks, said front disc also having ident ying indexes for the twelve calendar months each arranged tnere- :able with any one of said year ordinals and individually located in such relative position to said cut away portion that when the fidc-x for a certain month is turned to a pcsiti 11 corresponding to a certain year ordinal on said rear disk the exposed calendar month will be correct for said certain month and year except only for the months of January and February in eap years, and additional special indexes for January and February to be similarly used 01 y in leap years.

'2. A multiple year calendar comprising: two disks rotatably mounted upon each other, the rear disk being divided into anumber of sectors by radial lines and having a s ries of numerals from 1 to 31 arranged s'nrally around said disks and spaced according to said sectors, and also having ordinals of certain years spaced in a peripheral direction accordina to said sectors, the front disk having a portion cut away to expose the numerals on seven adjacent sectors on said rear disk which numerals will represent a calendar month divided into weeks and beginning on any day of the week dependent on the relative setting of said two disks, said front disk also having identifying incexes for the twelve calendar months each arranged thereon so as to bc registerable with any one of said year ordinals and individually located in such relative position to said cut away portion that when the index for certain month is turned to a position corresponding to a certain year ordinal on said rear disk theexposed calendar month will be correct for said certain month and year except only for the months of January and February in leap years, and additional special indexes for January and February to be similarly used only in leap years, said special indexes and the ordinals of the leap years being correspondingly marked to suggest their use at the proper time.

8. A perpetual calendar comprising: two disks rotatably mounted upon each other, the rear disk being divided into a large number of radial sectors and having year ordinals from 1 to L00 spaced by said sectors peripherally around said disk but with a blank space immediately preceding each leap year ordinal, said rear disk also having a series of numerals from 1 to 31 circularly spaced according to said sectors and aralt) ranged spirally upon said disk in such manner that seven adjacent sectors will properly represent a calendar month divided into weeks, said front disk having a portion cut away to expose the ordinals for a calendar month on said rear disk, and also having identifying indexes for the twelve calendar months each arranged thereon so as to be registerable with any one oi said year ordinals and individually located in such relative position to said cut away portion that when the index of a certain month is turned to a position corresponding to a certain year ordinal on said rear disk the exposed calendar month will begin on the correct day of the week for said certain month and except only for the months of January and February in leap years.

9. A; perpetual calendar comprising: two disks rotatably mounted upon each other, the rear disk being divided into a large number of radial sectors and having year ordinals from 1 to 400 spaced by said se tors periph erally around said disk but with a blank space imn'iediately preceding each leap year ordinal, said rear disk also having a series of numerals from 1 to 31 circularly spaced according to said sectors and arranged spirally upon said disk in such manner that seven adjacent sectors will properly represent a calendar month divided into weeks, said front disk having a portion cut away to expose the ordinals for a :alendar month on said rear disk, and also having identifying indexes for the twelve calendar months each arranged thereon so as to be registerable with any one of said year ordinals and individually located in such relative position to said cut away portion that when the index of a certain month is turned to a position corresponding to a certain year ordinal on said rear disk the exposed calendar month will begin on the correct day of the week for said certain month and year except only for the months of January and February in leap years, and additional special indexes for January and February properly positioned relative to said ordinary indexes to be similarly used only in leap years.

10. A perpetual calendar comprising: two disks rotatably mounted upon each other, the rear disk being divided into a large number of radial sectors and having year ordinals from 1 to 4:00 spaced by said sectors peripherally around said disk but with a blank space immediately preceding each leap year ordinal, said rear disk also having a series of numerals from 1 to 81 circularly spaced according to said sectors and arranged spirally upon said disk in such manner that seven adjacent sectors will properly represent a calendar month divided into weeks, said front disk having a portion cut away to expose the ordinals for a calendar month on said rear disk, and also having identifying indexes for the twelve calendar in nths each arranged thereon so as to be we able with any one of said year ordina, and individually located in such relative position to said cut away portion that when. t in index of a certain month is turned to a pOSltiOH corresponding to a certain year HENRY NOGRADY.