US2094362A - Calendar - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 28, 1937.

c. L. LEONARD CALENDAR Filed Jan. 27, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet Patented Sept. 28, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in time-calendars of adjustable type, in which the calendar name of the day of the week, or the number of the day of the calendar month, may be found from the year A. D. 1800 to the year A. D. 2000, when'the year, month and day of the month are known, and which may be used as a correct year for each year and month of the year, until the year A. D. 2000.

Calendars for this purpose have previously been known but such calendars, so far as is known, have required the use of a table or tables, to which reference must be made, and have included details which have made their use inefiicient, as an ordinary calendar, and difficult under other conditions.

The object of the present invention is to make a calendar which is simple and eflicient in operation and which presents the information in a form easily availed of.

The means by which the foregoing and other objects are accomplished and the method of their accomplishment will readily be understood from the following specification, on reference to the accompanying drawings, in which,-

Fig. 1 is a front view of the complete calendar; Fig. 2 is afront view ofa calendar year disc, listing all the years from the year A. D. 1801 to the :year A. D.-2000.

Referring now to the drawings in which the various parts are designated by numerals, 50 is a calendar sheet having two openings or'windows 5|, 52, through which windows segmental portions of discs 53, 54, hereinafter called'year disc andday disc, respectively, are visible, the disc 53 being pivotally secured to the calendar sheet, as by a rivet 55, and the disc 54, as by a rivet56.

A portion of the calendar sheet, offset from the pivots 55 and 56, is divided into a 'monthbank 51, of forty-nine spaces arrangedin seven vertical columns, and seven lateral rows. Each lateral row contains the numbers 1 to 12 inclusive, designating the twelve months of the year, though the corresponding names of the months may be used instead of the numbers, and may be preferred. The number 6 each occurrence in these spaces, for example, designatesthe sixth month, which is June,'and likewis the numbers in other squares, each designates the corresponding month. The lateral rows, each containing the numbers of all twelve months, there being in some of the spaces as many as three month numbers, are respectively identified by the letters A, B, C, D,

El, and F, these designating letters being here placed at the right handends of the rows and adjacentthe periphery oftheyear disc 54. The vertical "columns are designated between their lower ends and the periphery of the disc 53, from left to right, by the letters S, M, T, W, T, F, and S,

designating the seven days, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, etc., of a week, these day designations being continued to the right for a purpose which will presently appear. These designating letters are shown in a row immediately below the columns, but may as well be directly along the edge of the disc.

The year disc 54, as shown in Fig. 2, is divided into fifty-six radial spaces, which radial spaces are in seven groups, all the radial spaces of a group being designated by the same letter, as the letters A, B, etc., the letters used being the same as those which designate the month rows of the calendar sheet; and each, therefore, having a corresponding letter on some month row. The letters A, B, C, etc., which thus designate the radial spaces of the yeardisc, are adjacent the periphery of the disc, and in the assembled calendar any one of such year disc designating letters may be brought into register with the same letter of a month row.

A portion of the day disc 53 is divided from the periphery inward by concentric lines into equal width spaces, which are divided by parallel or radial lines into seven spaces of equal width, at the disc periphery, with the column spaces of the month bank 51. In the day disc spaces, so formed, numbers 1 to 31, designating the days of the month, are marked, beginning in the left hand space adjacent the disc periphery, the resulting day bank being that of the usual calendar of a thirty-one day month, beginning on Sunday.

In forming the'month bank 57, the year 1801, thefirst of the present calendar and being a common year, was used in forming the first row of months. In that year the first of February, the second month, fell on Sunday, as did also the first of March and of November, andthe numbers ofthese months have been placed in the first or Sunday column. June, the sixth month, began on Monday; September and De-' cember on Tuesday; April and July on Wednesday; January and October on Thursday; May on Friday and August on Saturday; and the numbers designating such months have been, therefore, placed respectively in such columns. Other common years, having identical sequences, have been arranged in the succeeding rows, with February beginning on Monday, on Tuesday, on Wednesday, etc., until the seven days of the week have been exhausted. For identification, these rows have been successively numbered A, B, C, etc., at the right.

. Itv will be observed that such an arrangement is for common years, as distinguishedfrom leap.

are grouped into seven groups, each of eight rows, giving a group for each of the seven days of the week. In placing the years in these groups, those years, both leap years and common years, in which March 1st fell or will fall on Sunday, have been placed in the rows and columns of one of these groups, the 1900 years for convenience being in the two outer columns and the "1800 years in the two inner columns. All of the eight rows in a group have been given the same designating letter and, since in the month row designated by the letter A, March 1st falls on Sunday, the letter A is also used for the rows of the yeardisc similarly beginning.

In the next group those years in which March 1st fell or will fall on Monday have been similarly placed and the rows of this group have each been designated by the letter B; and the third and succeeding groups have been similarly formed and successively designated.

In each of these groups the leap years have been specially designated by cross marks under such years. Obviously they may be otherwise designated, preferably as by printing in red.

As thus constructed the calendar will be correct for direct use for the common years and for the last ten months of leap years. In leap years, however, the month of February, beginning twenty-nine days before March 1st, would begin one day of the week earlier than shown, and similarly the month of January would also begin one day earlier. The relative arrangement of the month rows, however, provides that each preceding month row list the months in columns designated one day earlier, so that it is possible, after setting the year disc with the desired year opposite its month row, to use the day column of the preceding month row for January and February, and secure the correct results.

In using the calendar, the year, as the year 1937, is found on the year disc and the index letter on the radial row containing the year, in the instant case, the letter B is brought into register with the same letter, designating the desired month row. The first day of the month on the day disc 53 is now brought into register with the column containing the desired month, as shown, this being the ninth month, or September. Thus placed, the month is found to begin with Wednesday. Beginning thus, the day names underlying the month columns which end with Saturday, must necessarily be extended to the right to cover such day bank columns as lie to the right of the month columns, it being necessary, where a month begins on Saturday, that they include Friday, as here shown.

Should the year chosen be a leap year, indicated by cross marks beneath the years on the year disc, the above description holds good for March and subsequent months; for the months of January and February, however, the year disc setting may be either maintained and the first or second month in the preceding row be used to determine the setting of the first day of such month; or the month 'row may be directly indicated by shifting the year row to the preceding month row during these two months, and be reset in March to its designated place for the balance of the year. Obviously should leap year be in the A month-row the bottom or G row of the month becomes the preceding month-row.

What I claim is:

1. A calendar, comprising a calendar sheet, having thereon forty-nine divisions, said divisions being arranged in seven vertical columns and seven lateral rows, said columns being designated in succession adjacent their lower ends to indicate successive days of the week, and said seven rows each by an identifying indicia, the upper of said rows having, in its divisions, monthindicia of all the months of a year, each monthindicia being placed in a division identified by the day of a week on which such month begins, and each successive lower row having an identical sequence of months shifted one column to the right; a day-disc pivotally secured to said calendar sheet with its periphery adjacent said day designation, said disc having the days of a month displayed thereon, as in a usual calendar, with the first of said rows adjacent the periphery of said disc, and reading from one to seven, a year-disc pivotally secured to said calendar sheet with its peripheral edge adjacent said row indicia, said year-disc having a table of years in concentric circular columns and radiating rows, assembled into seven groups, all the rows of each group being designated, each by the same indicia, these indicia being respectively the same as those which designate the seven month-rows, said discindicia lying along the periphery of said disc, all years in a group having the first day of March beginning on the same day of the week as does the first day of March of the identically marked month-row, the leap years on said disc being marked for identification.

2. A calendar, comprising a calendar sheet, having thereon forty-nine divisions, said divisions being arranged in seven vertical columns and seven lateral rows, said columns being designated in succession adjacent their lower ends to indicate successive days of the week, and said seven rows each by an identifying indicia, the upper of said rows having in its divisions monthindicia of all the months of a year, each monthindicia being placed in a division identified by the day of the Week on which such month begins, and each successive lower row having an identical sequence of months shifted one column to the right; said calendar sheet having window openings therein contiguous respectively to said day designations and said row identifying indicia; a day-disc disposed behind said calendar sheet and pivotally secured thereto, said disc having the days of a month displayed thereon, as in a usual calendar, with the first of said rows adjacent the periphery of said disc, and reading from one to seven, said days being visible through the first said window; a year-disc disposed behind said calendar sheet and pivotally secured thereto, with its peripheral edge adjacent said row-indicia, said year-disc having a table of years in concentric circular columns and radiating rows, assembled into seven groups, all the rows of each group being designated each by the same indicia, these indicia being respectively the same as those which designate the seven month-rows, said disc-indicia lying along the periphery of said disc, all years in a group being years in which March first falls on the same day of the Week as does March first of the identically marked month-row, the leap years on said disc being marked for identification.

CASWELL LEE LEONARD.

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