US1683055A

US1683055A - Process and apparatus for producing filaments

Info

Publication number: US1683055A
Application number: US505953A
Authority: US
Inventors: Roux John Andre
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1921-10-06
Filing date: 1921-10-06
Publication date: 1928-09-04
Anticipated expiration: 1945-09-04

Description

Sept. 4, 1928. 1,683,055

. J. A. ROUX PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FILAIENTS Original Filed Get. 6. 1921 g s -s 1 Sept. 4, 1928. 1,683,055

J. A. ROUX PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FILAMENTS Original Filed Opt. 6. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 4, 1928.

PATIENT OFFICE.-

JQHN ANDRE ROUX, OF 'IENAFLY, NEW JERSEY.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FILAMENTS.

Application filed October 6,1921, Serial No. 505,953. Renewed November 18, 1827.

This invention relates to the production of continuous lengths of material by expressing a semi-liquid material from an orifice and drying it.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a process and the apparatus therefor by which filaments may be formed at a relatively high rate of speed; the uniformity of size throughout the length is maintained; and the quality of and strength of product made remarkably perfect. Features of the invention relate to the special apparatus used and the relative arrangement of the parts of this apparatus, whereby material treated is introduced into a particular expressing apparatus and subjected thereafter to a particular electric treatment during its transformation into the completed product.

In the present embodiment, process and apparatus relate particularly to the produc tion ofan artificial filament and artificial silk, which product possesses to an unusual degree the desirable qualities of natural silk.

0 One particularly important result of the present invention is the production of an elastic stretchable artificial material.

Other advantageous features are described and claimed in the following specification and claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1, is an elevation in partial section showing the polarizer below the spinneret tube;

Fig. 2, is a view showing an elevation the relative position and size of the casing enclosing the spinneret tubes, the polarizer be- 0 on the polarizer and showing the manner of mounting of the ends of thepolarizer frame in the supporting wall.

Referring in detail to the drawings, 1 indicates a vertical wall of a' building or other suitable support. 2 represents the floor-of the building or.other suitable laterally extending support, and 3represents a similar floor positioned about twelve feet be- 1 low the floor 2. Mounted on the floor 2 and positioned over a suitable opening. therein -wardly beyond the casing ing lndicated at 5 and the lower ends of the supportin arms bein indicated at 5 in Fig. lhe casing 4 18 preferably made of aluminum sheeting having side walls of stock. Positioned vertically within the easmg are a series of spinneret tubes 4'? having discharge orificesat their lower ends.. In F g. 1 one of these tubes is shown in section within the casing with the lower end pro ectmg downwardly below the casing.- A cover 4 for the casing isformed of aluminum of a thickness of and in the top of the cover plate 4 is an opening for the reception of the intake pipe 4, through which latter material to be expressediis admitted to the casing. At the top of {the vertical walls of the casing 4 and resting on-the laterally extending annular flange formed continuous with the wall is an upper s acing plate formed of 5 aluminum and w ich is perforated for the reception of the tubes 4 as will be'descri'bed. The bottom of the casing isprovided with a 5" wall 4 which is l1kew1se perforated with holes to correspond with theop en ngs in the plate 4*. Corre-' sponding openings in the two plates are brought into alignment by adjustment of the plate 4 withrespect to the casing and before the top cover 4 is finally secured. Each spinneret tube 4 is made of aluminum rolled evenly to have an outside diameter "of V The length of the tube corresponds to the length of the casing and rojects downoor for a distance of 2", gradually tapering from the bottom of the casing to the tip of the tube.

The lower end of the tube is drilled to provide the proper size opening, and the opening provided by a No. 64 drill, providingan opening of about of an inch, has been found satisfactory. The to part of the spinneret tube is provided with an annular flange 4 which rests on the upper surface of the spacing plate 4 and is rolled thereon and soldered to make a tight fit, or otherwise provided with a liquid'tight fit in the spacing plate. After the spacing plate 4 and the tubes 4 are in their proper positions, the top and, the diameter is 5 indicated at 11 on the drawing. negative pole of the static machine 9, as invFi 1 and Fig. 2 are drawn substantially to sea e. The inside of'the casin is 28" high T e to flange on the casing 4 is about 1" wide.

tapering to the inside imensions of the casing, and on the outside tapering to the flange of the casing. Eight clamping bolts 4 are used for clamping the top coverand spacing plateto the Cylinder.

One of the particular features of the invention is the particular construction of the polarizer member and its relative position, with respect to the casing 4. As shown in the drawings, the polarizer is formed as three sides of a tubular frame, substantially as three sides of a rectangle. The front side is formed by a tube 6 which is mounted in alignment with the central axle line of the casin 4. The top side of the polarizer is forme by the tube 6, and the lower side of the olarizer is formed by the tube 6", and both

sides

6 and 6 are held' rigid with respect to the front side 6 by being mounted in the

metal balls

6 and 6 respectively. The extreme ends of the

parallel members

6 and 6 are supported in the Wall 1 and are preferably insulated therefrom by suitable hard rubber sockets and 8 respectively. The polarizer tubing may satisfactorily be made from an alloy composition composed of of copper and 35% of gunmetal. The

sides

6, 6" and 6 are each about 8" long with a diameter of 1 6 and 6 are each about 2% in diameter on the outside and about 2" inside, or in other words about 4" thickness.

9 indicates a machine for generating static electricity, and from the positive pole 9 a wire 10 extends .to the tube 6 of the. olarizer and is connected. electrically tiereto.

by means of a copper band about wide and one thirty-second of an inch in thickness which is secured around the tube 6 and To the dicated'at 9", a wire 12 extends upwardly through the vertical wall of the casing 4' and is securedcto the spinneret tube '4 by means of a second copper band of the same dimensions as those of the band. 11. This copper band on the tube 4" is indicated 12*. The wire 12 insulated from the wall 4 of the casing by means of a protecting insulating tube 12 mounted in an opening in the casinglwall. V

In Fig. 2, mounted on the floor 3 is diagrammatically indicated the relative position of a receiving drum or reel 13'wh1ch he top cover 4". is about 4" dee at the central point,

The balls is driven throughra chain or belt 14 b means of' a suitable source of power, suc as' an electric motor, 15.

. .The position of parts shown in Fig. 2 provides that the to of the polarizer frame 1s 6 feet from the ttom of the casing 4.

-The polarizer is likewise- 6 feet from the floor 3 and the receiving reel 13 is mounted on the floor 3 and about 8 feet to one side of .the polarizer.

In the operation of the apparatus and grade of molasses, is

the material leaves the spinneret'tube noz'- zle it is guided downward as a silk filament and one end connected to the receiving member 13. In the downward movement of the filament it is guided relatively close tothe polarizer member, not closer than 1" and not further than 3 from the larizer.- During this movement the static machine is in operation with the positivepole connected to t e polarizer and thenegative' ole eon,- nected. to the spinneret tube, an a static force approximately peres per minute is e ective at the polarizer. I

As a result of the expressing action described and the subsequent treatment, the material extends from the filament tube nozzle. to the receiving member for a distance of over 12 feet, durin -which period it is drying and being su jected to the static treatment. From an inspection of Fig. 2 of the drawing, which'illustrates the polarizer s aced from and below the discharge ori ce, it will be obvious thata substantial drying of the filament will have uivalent to .01 ambeen completed during the movement from the dischar e orifice to the region of the polarizer; he assistance received as a result of the electrical treatment provides a filament of particularly increased continuity and evenness. The presentapparatus and process has made it possible to operate at an unusual rate of speed as compared toknown ressure systems. In addition to the ElOdllCtlOIl of an elastic silky thread, it has con found that the denier of the thread is made remarkablycertain by the use of this invention.

In mountingv the spinneret tubes in the casing 4 so as'to make a firm ti ht fit, the openings in the bottom 4" are drllled to the exact measurmentof the tubes, and the inside of the bottonji 4 counter-Sunk for to provide a seat for the tapering 2" portion of the tubes. When the wires 12 are secured to the tubes 4 by means of the copper band 12 it will be observed that the wires 12 and the bands 12 are located in a perfectly dry chamber beneath the spacing plate 4, and between this latter plate and the inner upper surface of the bottom 4. In practice about 30 tubes are mounted in the casing 4, each according to the details described with respect to the single tube illustrated in the present drawings, and

changes in the number of tubes will not de- 5 between said orifice and said reel, and on "a level below the level of said discharge orifice and spaced sufficiently distant there- 'from to effect ai drying action during the travel of a filamntvfrom the discharge orifice to the region of said polarizer, and .a

source of electrihity having one pole electrically connected to said polarizer member and the other pole electrically connected to said tube. 1 2. In apparatu for producing filaments, a spinneret'tube having a discharge orifice,

- a collecting feel, a polarizer member located along the path of travel of the filament. and between's'aid orifice and said reel and spaced sufliciently distant from said orifice to effeet a drying action in the filament during the travel of the filament from the orifice to the region of said polarizer, and the source of electricity having one pole connected to said polarizer member and the other pole connected to said tube.

3. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a device for collecting a filament, a polar- 0 izer member located along the path of travel of the filament'material between said, orifice and said collecting device and on a level below the level of said discharge orifice and a spaced sufiiciently distant therefrom to effect a drying action during the travel of a filament from the discharge orifice to the I region of said polarizer. and a source of the negative said tube.

the filament material between said orifice and said collecting device and on a' level below the level of said discharge orifice and spaced sulfici'ently distant therefrom to ef-- feet a drying action during the travel of a filament from the discharge orifice to the region of said polarizer, and a source of stat c electricity having the positive pole electrically connectedto said polarizer and pole electrically connected to 5. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice,

a polarizer member located on a level below the level of said discharge orifice and spaced sufiiciently distant therefrom to effect a drying action during the travel of a filament from the discharge orifice to the region of said polarizer, a source of electricity having one pole electrically connected to said polar-' izer member and the other ole electrically connected to saidtube, and a filament re= ceiving member located on a level below the level of said polarizer.

6. In apparatus for producing filaments, a-

spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a

polarizer member located on a level below the level of said discharge orifice and spaced sufliciently distant therefrom to effect adryin'g action during the travel of a filament from the discharge orifice to the" region of said polarizer, a source of electricity having one pole electrically connected to said polarizer ,member and the other pole electrically connected to said tube, and a filament receiving member 10- cated 'on a level below the level of said' polarizer, said receiving member being at least as far below said polarizer as said polarizeris below said tube.

7. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice,

a polarizer member located on a levelbelow the level of said discharge orifice and spaced sufiiciently distant therefrom to effect a drying action during the travel of a filament from the discharge orifice to the region of said polarizer, a source of electricity having one ;pole electrically connected to said polarizer member and the other pole electrically connected to said tube, and a filament receiving member located on a level below the level of said polarizer, said receiving member being at least as far below said polarizer as said polarizer is below said tube, and as far to one side as it is below said polarizer.

shaped metal members at the adjacent i I sided tubular frame supported by the free ends of two of the sides. I

10. In apparatus for producing filaments, a polarizer member comprising a three sided tubular frame supported by the free ends of two of the sides, and having metal ball members connecting and holding their adjacent ends.

11.111 apparatus for producing filaments, a polarizer member comprising a three sided frame formed as three sides of arectangle and supported by the three ends of the parallel arms.

12. In apparatus for producing filaments, a polarizer member comprising a three sided frame formed as three sides of a rectangle and supported in a vertical plane by the free ends of the )arallel arms. 13. In apparatus or producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, and a three sided tubular polarizer frame mounted below said spinneret tube.

14. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, and a three sided tubular olarizer frame mounted in a vertical plane elow said spinneret tube. I

lib

15. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, and a three sided tubular polarizer frame formed as the three sides of a rectangle and supported in a vertical plane beneath said spinneret tube by the free ends of the parallel arms.

16. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, and a three sided'tubular polarizer frame I formed as the three sides of a rectangle and supported in a vertical plane beneathsaid spinneret tube by the free ends of the par allel arms. the distance between said tube and said frame being at least eight times great as the height of said frame.

'17. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having adischarge orifice,

and a three sided tubular polarizer frame mounted in a vertical plane below said spinneret tube, the distance between said tube and saidframe being at least eight timesas' great as the height of said frame.

18. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, and a-thrce sided tubular polarizer frame formed as the three sides of a rectangle and supported in avertical plane beneath said spinneret tube by the free ends of the par- 'allel arms. the distance between said tube and a three sided tubular polarizer frame mounted in a vertical plane below said spinneret tube, the distance between said tube and said frame being at least eight times as great as the height of said frame, and a filament receiving member located on a level below the levelof said frame and as far below said frame as said frame is below said tube.

20. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a three sided tubular polarizer frame mounted below said discharge orifice, and a source of electricity electrically connected to sa'd polarizer and to said tube.

21. In apparatus for producing filaments,

a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice,

23. In apparatus-for producingfilaments,

a sp'nneret tube having a discharge orifice,

a three sided tubular olarizer frame formed as the three sides 0 a rectangle and supported in a vertical plane beneath said spinneret tube by the free ends of the parallel arms, the distance between said tube and said frame being at least eight times as great as the height of said frame and a source of electricity electrically connected to said polarizer and to said tube.

24. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a three sided tubular polarizer frame mounted in a vertical plane below said spinneret tube, the.distance between said tube and'said frame being at least eight times as great as the height of said frame, and a source of electricity electrically connected to' said polarizer and to said tube."

25. Inapparatus for producing filaments,

a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a three sided tubular olarizer frame formed as the three sides 0 a rectangle and supported in a vertical plane beneath said spinneret tube by'the free ends of the paral- -lel arms, the distance between said tube and said frame being at least eight; times as great as the height of said frame, a filament receiving member located on a level below the levelof said frame and as far below said frame as said frame is below said tube, and a source of electricity electrically connected to said polarizer and to said tube,

26. In apparatus for producing filaments,

a three sided tubular polarizer frame mounted in a vertical plane below said spinneret tube, the distance between said tube and said frame being at least eight times as great as the height of said frame, and a filament receiving member located on a level below the level of said frame and as far below said frame as said frame is below said tube, and a source of electricity electri cally connected to said polarizer and to said tube.

27. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, olarizer frame mounted below said disc arge orifice, a source of static electricity having the posi"-' tive pole thereof connected to said polarizer and the negative pole connected to said tube. 28. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a three sided tubular polarizer frame mounted in a vertical plane below said discharge orifice, and a source of static electricity having a positive pole thereof connected to said polarizer and the negative pole connected to said tube.

29. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a three sided tubular polarizer frame formed as the three sides of'a rectangle and supported in a vertical plane beneath said discharge orifice by the free ends of the par- .allel' arms, and a source of static electricity having a positive pole thereof connected to said polarizer and the negative pole connected to said tube. a

30. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a three sided tubular olarizer frame formed as the three sides 0 a rectangle and supported in a vertical plane beneath said spinneret tube by the free ends of; the parallel arms, the distance between said tube and said frame being-at least eight times as great as the height of said frame, and asource of static electricity having a positive pole thereof connected to said polarizer and the negative pole connected to said tube.

31. In apparatus for producing filaments, aspinneret tube having a discharge orifice,

'a three sided tubular polarizer frame mounted in a vertical plane below said spinneret tube, the distance between said tube and said frame being at least eight times as great as the height of said frame,and

a source of static electricity having a positive pole thereof connected to said polarizer and the negative pole connected to said tube.

32. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a three sided tubular formed as the three sides 0 a rectangle and supported in a vertical plane beneath said olarizer frame spinneret tube by the free ends of the parallel arms, the distance between said tube and said. frame being at least eight times as great as the height of said frame, a filament receiving member located on a level below the level of said frame and as far below said frame as. said frame is below said tube,

positive pole thereof connected to said polarizer and the negative pole connected to sald tube.

a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a three sided tubular polarizer frame mounted in a vertical plane below said spinneret tube, the distance between said tube and said frame being at least eight times as great as the height of said frame, and a filament receiving member located on a level below the level of said frame and as far below said frame as said frame is below said tube,,and a source of static electricity having a positive pole thereof connected to said polarizer and the negative pole connected to said tube.

34. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube enclosing casing having a supply pipe opening, a spinneret tube positioned within said casing and having .the lower end'thereof projecting below the lower face of said casing and the upper end thereof in ported communication with saidsup- 33. In apparatus for producing filaments,

and a source of static electricity having a ply pipe opening, a polarizer member comprising a three sided tubular frame mounted below saidtube, a source of electricity, an electrical conductor between said source of electricity and said polarizer, and a second electrical conductor extending from said source of electricity and passing through the wall of said casing in insulated relation thereto and connected to said tube,

35. In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tube enclosing casing having a supply pipe opening, a spinneret tube positioned within said casing and having the lower, end thereof projecting below the lower face of said casing and the upper end thereof in ported communication with said supply pipe opening, a polarizer member mounted below said tube and formed as a three sided frame supported ina vertical plane, a source of electricity, an electrical conductor between said source of electricity and said polarizer,

ply pipe opening, a polarizer member -com-.

prismg a three sided, tubular frame mounted below said tube, a source of static electricity,

an electrical conductor between the positive extending from the negative pole of said' source of electricity andpassing through the wall of said casing in insulated relation thereto and connected to said tube.

37. In apparatus for producingfilaments, a spinneret tube enclosingcaslng having a supply pipe opening, a spinneret tube positioned within said casing and having the lower end thereof projecting below the lower face of said casing and the upper end thereof in ported communication with said supply pipe opening, a polarizer member mounted below said tube and formed as a three sided frame supported in a vertical plane, a source of statlc electricity, an electrical conductor between the ositive pole of said source of electricity and said polarizer, and a second electrical conductor extending from the negative pole of said source of eleetriclty and passing through thewall of said casing in insulated relation thereto 'and connected to said tube. 38. In apparatus for forming filaments, a casing having'side walls and a erforate bottom, a cover plate secured to t e upper end of said side walls and having an inlet opening therein for the inflow of material to be expressed, a spacing plate positioned between said inlet opening and spaced from said bottom and resting on said casing and having a liquid tight fit with respect to the side walls thereof, said spacing plate having an opening therethrough positioned in alignment with a corresponding opening in said bottom, and a filament expressing tube having a lower discharge orifice mounted ,in said casing and'extending from said spacing -plate' through one opening therein and project'ing through the corresponding opening in said bottom.

39. In apparatus for forming filaments, .a casing having side walls and a perforate bottom, a cover plate secured to the upper end of said side walls and having an. inlet opening therein for the inflow of material to be expressed, a spacing plate positioned between said inlet opening and spaced from said bottom and resting on said casing and having a liquidtight fit with respect to the side walls thereof, said spacing plate having a plurality of openings therethrough positioned in alignment with corresponding openings in saidbottom, and a filament expressingtube in each aligned corresponding openings, each tube having a lower discharge orifice and mounted in said casing and extending from said spacing plate through the same and projecting beyond the correspondingopening insaid bottom.

40. In apparatus for forming filaments,

.a casing having side walls and a perforate.

bottom, a cover plate secured to the upper end of said side walls and having an inlet opening therein for the inflow of material to be expressed, a spacing plate positioned between said inlet opening and spaced from said bottom and resting on said casing and having a liquidtight fit with respect to the side walls thereof, said spacing plate having an opening therethrough positioned in alignment with a corresponding opening in said bottom, a filament expressing tube having a lower discharge orifice mounted in said casing and extending from said spacing plate through one opening therein and projecting through the corresponding opening in said bottom, and a electrical conductor extending through the side wall of said casing and insulated therefrom and secured to said tube at a point between said spacing plate and said bottom.

41. The process of producing filaments which comprises expressing material in fila ment form from a discharge orifice, leading the filament downward past a polarlzer member spaced from said orifice and in close but spaced relation to said polarizer, subjecting the filament to an electric treatment b which the polarizer is connected to the positive pole of a source of static electricity and the filament is in electrical contact with a connection from the negative pole of said located along the path of travel of the filament and between said orifice and said colelecting device.

42. The process of producing filaments which comprises expressing material in filament form from a discharge orifice at the rate of at least one thousand feet per minute,

leading the filament downward andpast a polarizer member and in close but spaced relation thereto, subjecting the filament to an electric treatment bywhich the polarizeris connected to the positive pole ofa source of static electricity and the filament is in clec-' trical contact with a connection from the negative pole of said source, andfinally collecting the filament on a collecting device,

said polarizer being located along the path.

of travel of the filament and between orifice and said collecting device.

43. The process of producing filaments said which comprises expressing material in fila ment form from a discharge orifice, leading the filament downward and past a polarizer member located six feet below said discharge orifice and in close but spaced relation with respect to said polarizer member, subjecting the filament to an electric treatment by which the polarizer is connected to the positive pole of a source of static electricity and the filament-is in electrical contact with a connection from the negative pole of I said source, and finally collecting the filament on a collecting device, said polarizer being located along the path of travel of the filament and between said orifice and said collecting device. I

44. The process of producing filaments which comprises expressing material in filament form from a discharge orifice, leading the filament downward and past the polarizer member located six feet, below said discharge orifice and in close but spaced relation with respect to said polarizer member, subjecting the filament to an electric treatment by which the polarizer is connected to the positive pole of a source of static electricity and the filament is in electrical contact with a connection from the negative pole of said source, and collecting said .filamenton a receiving device located as far below said polarizer as said p'olarizer is below said orifice.

45. The process of producing filaments which comprises expressing material in filament form from a discharge-orifice, leading the filament downward and past a polarizer member and in close but spaced relation thereto, subjecting the filament to an electric treatment equivalent to .01 ampere per minute at the polarizer, the polarizer being connected to the positive pole of a source of static electricity and the filament being in electrical contact with a connection from the negative pole of said source, and collecting said filament on a receiving device located on a level below and to one side of said polarizer.

46. The process of producing filaments which comprises expressing material in filament form from a discharge orifice, leading said filament downward and past a charged polarizer member and through the] electrostatic field set up thereby, effecting a substantial drying of the filament in the period of travel from said discharge orifice to the region'of said polarizer, and collecting said dried filament, said polarizer member being located along the path of travel of said filament and between said orifice and the point of collection of said dried filament.

47. The process of producing filaments which comprises expressing material in filament form from a discharge orifice, leading said filament from said discharge orifice and -ment form from a discharge orifice leading said filament from said discharge orifice downward, adjacent to and past a charged .polarizer member and through the electrostatic field set up thereby, effecting a substantial drying of the filament in the period of travel from said discharge orifice to the region of said polarizer, and collecting said dried filament, said polarizer member being located along the path of travel of said filament and between said orifice and the point of collection of said dried filament.

49. In apparatus for producing filan'ients, a spinneret tube having a discharge orifice, a charged. polarizer member located on a level below the level of said discharge orifice, and spaced sufiiciently distant therefrom to efi'ect a drying action during the travel of a filament from the discharge orifice to the region of said polarizer, and a receiving member for the dried filament, said polarizer member being located along the path of travel of the filament and between the discharge orifice and said receiving member.

50; In apparatus for producing filaments, a spinneret tub having a discharge orifice, a polarizer member located sulficiently distant from said discharge orifice to effect a substantial drying of the filament in its travel from said orifice'to the region of said polarizer, and a filament receiving member so positioned with respect to said orifice and said polarizer as to lead the filament in close but spaced relation past said polarizer, said 'polarizer member being located along the path of travel of the filament and between the discharge orifice and said receiving member. I

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

JOHN ANDRE ROUX.