US1677283A - Bleaching composition - Google Patents

Description

Patented duly l7, i928;

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2% Drawing.

5 and other fibrous and textile material here inafter referred to in the specification and in the claims generically as goods, and the in-, vention also relates to a composition ofmatter for use in practicing the process and no herein referred to specifically as a bleaching composition.

Known processes fgr similarly treating goods possess certain disadvantages, for instance the long periods of time necessary to produce the desired white; the large amount of labor involved in the multiplicity of han dlin and treatments; the loss in both weig t and tensile strength of the goods and even then there has been a failure to obtain so the desired dead white with a high grade of softness, a good loft and an absence of motes, specs, shives and other foreign matter and impurities which heretofore have seriously detracted from. the desired appearance of the goods even after repeated workings. It is a commercial requirement and economically desirable in such processes'to; use kiers and other metal containers but with the'known processes the reagents used so and which processes are generally lmown as the chloride of lime,peroxide of sodium, and hydrogen peroxide processes have developed kier and rust stains which further deleteriously afiect the condition of the resulting goods. Especially, where cotton material is used it has been necessary with the known methods to subject the goods to separate, distinct treatment and which usually includes a difitrafor process for the remov 4.0 mg of sizing with a necessity of repeatedly washing the same after each treatment.

One of the objects 6f the invention therefore is to simplifythe known treating proc-' ess; to minimize the multiplicity of steps in the known. processes; to eliminate any necessity for the diastrafor step, and to provide a process which can be practiced as a single step even in iron kiers and without any dele- .terious or objectionable efiects on the resultmg goods.

cleansing oxldizing and reducing reagents goods hereinafter described.

Application filed august 1?, i925. serial Ito. 50,840.

The invention particularly features an 4 improved process constituting afinishing step for treating woven fahrics',.-?such as Turkish towels, which include both white areas to be bleached and colored areas-or bands to be rendered brilliant, distinct and in clear contrast to the white area. I

Broadly, I attain this phase of the invention by subjecting the goods while in an iron kier, if desired, to a single boiling treatment m and in the presence of reagents capable of efi'ecting the desired bleaching and color setting efi'ect but incapable of forming iron rust with the kier. More specifically defined the process is characterized by the subjecting 5 of the goods while in an aqueous solution simultaneously to a combinedreducing and oxidizing reaction capable of bleaching and, setting t e colors and at the same time composed to form incidentally a coating for preyklenting the formation of rust with the iron or, l o

In practicing this rocess there is prepared an aqueous so utionof detergents,

hereinafter specifically enumerated, and selected not for their known individual characteristics andv reactions on the goods, but for their mutual interacting virtues, and, when considered collectively, capable of reacting as a single reagent simultaneously on the goods to-effect the results and advan tages herein described without necessity of practicing the difierent usual operations in a sequential action in difi'erent receptacles. lln'practicin the process the goods to be treated are simply subjected to the reacting of the solution, preferably while boiling, after which single treatment the goods are removed and washed following conventional practices,

Considering the composition of matter aspect of the disclosure, the primary object of the invention is to provide an inexpensive, easily compounded composition formed of materials usually employed in the art of treating goods but which group of reagents reacting as a composition, will function as above outlined and which will produce the as i One such composition which has proven satisfactory in extensive commercial use con- Per cent.

' Sodium silicate (dry) Oxalic acid ((1 11 0 20 Sodium biborate (b0 Sodium perborate (NaBO or (NaBO These reagents, in the form of powders, are ground, thoroughly mixed and packaged for shipment and storing. The resulting mixture can be stored for an indefinite time without deteriorating. A watersoluti n of two to four per cent of the mixture vis prepared most conveniently in the usual boiling tank and is then fed into the kiers. The goods to be treated are then introduced into the hot and preferably boiling solution and left therein for variable periods of time, usually for about one hour or until the desired results are attained. i

While the ingredients in the proportion above outlined have been found to be most eflicacious, satisfactory results have been attained by varying the proportions and even by substituting certain equivalents for the compositions enumerated. For instance, sodium bisulphite or equivalent reducing reagent may be substituted for the oxalic acid. Sodium or potassium hydroxide may be substituted for the borax and where the cleansing action of the borax is not re uired this reagent may be entirely eliminate from the compound.

By practicing the process with the composition herein described it has been possible to obtain a bleaching of white area will be distinctly a dead white in distinction from the usual half or grey whites; the contrasting colors are clean and brilliant and this is especially noticeable over goods treated by prior similar processes in the case'of the pinks and reds. The pinks and blues resulting in defined are clear, distinct and vividly contrast with the pure white areas.

It is a commercial requirement in practicing bleaching and color setting operations that the goods absorb the reagents quickly and thus reduce the time interval necessary to attain the desired treatment. It hasbeen found experimentally that goods sub'ected to the treatment herein featured won (1 absorb the composition ;-much quicker than other similar compounds could be absorbed in the same material and in this way a speedier reaction'is' attained.

Structurally the goods treated by this process are of unusually high" tensile strength,

the goods so that the from the treatment here-.

being equal to about that of the possess a good loft and sheen wit absence of foreign matter.

There results a material economy in material and labor costs for the loss in weight rarely exceeds two per cent and the single treatment minimizes the handling and repeated washings characterizing prior processes and shortens'the time necessary to complete the treatment. like particles usually presentin similar treatments of cotton goods are eliminated.

' As there is no acid reaction or other noticeable reaction with the iron of the kiers there is no appearance of rust of other stains and in fact the reagents used appear to'form a white protectin coating to the inside of the receptacle. he residue can be easily washed out of the kiers leaving an entire the process.

ey goods,

The motes, shives and the same. clean and in cond tion for a repetition of It is obviously within the scope of the dis closure to practice the process and use the composition herein featured to conventional processes and the process is applicable to wheels, roll, nip or squeeze and other continuous rocesses.

Having .thus claim 1. In the art white goods to a true white and incidentally setting any colors present in the goods, the,

process which comprises the sub ecting of as an incident escribed my invention, 1

of simultaneously bleaching the goods to a single boiling treatment while in an iron kier and while subjected to the action of a reagent including sodium silicate, oxalic acid, sodium biborate and sodium perborate, said reagent being capable of bleaching the white areas and setting the colors in the goods and incapable of forming iron rust with the material of the kier.

2. Inthe art of treating goods to obtain a dead white bleach while contained in an iron receptacle, the process which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a mix-. ture of sodium-silicate, oxalic acid, sodium biborate and sodium perborate to effect a bleaching treatment and incidentally form a rust preventing coating for the iron receptacle.

3. In the art of cleansing, scouring and bleaching goods containing motes, shives and the like, the process which consists in subjecting the goods to an alkaline bath 'containing a solution of oxalic acid, sodium silicate, and sodium perborate and in the presence of a metal unaflected by said bath.

4. The rocess of bleaching the-white por- 'tions an fixing the colors in the colored portions in goods, consisting in subjecting the goods to the action of a water solution of sodium silicate, oxalic acid and sodium perborate adjacent the boiling temperature,

and for a period of time sufficient to produce a dead white to the white portions of the goods.

5. A bleaching oxidizing reducing and detergent wash for use in treating cotton goods comprising a two to four per cent aqueous solution of sodium silicate, oxalic acid, borax and sodium perborate.

6. A composition of matter for use as a combined bleaching and color fixing agent, comprising a mixture of sodium silicate, oxalic acid, borax and an alkali metal perborate.

7. A composition of matter for use as l combined bleaching and color fixing agent, comprising a mixture of sodium silicate, ox alic acid and sodium perbo'rate.

8. A composition of matter for use in bleaching, and rendering-brilliant the colors in goods, and capable of reacting by S8180. tive action on the goods to oxidize and reduce the coloring matter in the goods, said composition including a sodium salt, oxalic acid, and an alkali metal perborate.

.9. A composition of matter for use in bleaching comprising a water solution of oxalic acid, sodium silicate, borax and sodium perborate and in which these salts are present in the proportion of approximately two to four per cent of the solution.

10. A- composition of matter for use in bleaching and rendering brilliant the colors in goods, including the following ingredients in substantially the following proportions by percentage weights, sodium silicate (dry) twenty percent; oxalic acid, twenty percent; sodium biborate, ten percent and sodium perborate, fifty percent.

Signed at Pasadena, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, this 12 day of August, A. 'D. 1925.

EDGECOMBE M. JONES.