US1665395A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

April 1o, 192s.A

L. M. WOOLSON CARB'URETQR Filed July 11. 1921 BY y@ w ,f1 ToRNEY.

Patented pr. 10, 1928.,

UNITED gli? LIONEL M. WOOLSON, OF DETROT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, CORPORATION PACKARD Moron CAR or MICHIGAN.

GARBURETOR.

Application led July 11, 1921. Serial No. 483,994.

This invention relatesto carburetors and particularly to carburetors for hydrocarbon motors.

Carburetors have been built heretofore in which there are valves or other moving parts connected to the fuel nozzle for the purpose of regulating the size or delivery action of the fuel outlet, which valves or parts have been connected to air valves or the motor throttle or other controlling de vices in an attempt to furnish a correct mix ture to the motor at all speeds and loads.`

Some of these are more or less successful for a time, but because of the diiiiculty encountered in handling such a small quantity of liquid Vfuel relative to the air required forthe mixture the needle valves present a very dicult manufacturing problem and their operation is usually somewhat erratic or soon becomes so with use.

It is therefore one of the object-s of the present invention to provide a carburetor in which the fuel orifices or outlets are fixed and so formed that they may be reamcd to any exact size and are unencumbered by valves or other moving parts7 and in which a proper mixture of liquid fuel and air may be delivered to the motor thruout its range of operation.

.Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor with a nozzle and mixture:

tube combination such that the liquid fuel will be supplied thru a small orifice at rela.- tively low ksuction and thru an additional orificer after the suction has increased due to a greater demand of the motor for the mixture, to thereby effect an economy in the use of fuel. Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings which form a part of this specification, and in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section thru a motorV intake pipe and a carburetor embodying the invention; and

Figure 2 shows a slightly modified form of nozzle.

Referring to the drawings, 10 represents a cylinder block of a hydrocarbon motor and 11 is the intake pipe thereof. The motor throttle is shown at 12 and the intake pipe is bent downwardly and is connected to a carburetor 13 by the flanges 14 and bolts 15.

The carburetor comprises a mixing chamb er 16, a fioat chamber 17 of usual construction, a main air intake 18, and an auxiliary air intake 19. The main air intakemay be controlled by a butterfly valve 2O for choking the carburetor when starting and the auxiliary air intake 19 is preferably1 controlled by an air valve 21 having a spring or springs 22. n v

A iioat 23 in the float chamber operates avalve 24 whichv controls the inlet port 25 in the usual way to maintain the liquid fuel in the float chamber at `the required level. A. supply pipe 26 communicates with the port 25 to supply the fuel.

Mounted inthe lower part of the mixing chamber 16 is a mixture tube 27 which is shown of venturi form and in communication at its lower end with the main air intake 18. Thus the air entering thevcarbw retor thru the main air intake passes upwardly thru the mixture tube 27 and the air from the auxiliary air intake 19 passes upwardly around the outside of the mixture tube 27 into the mixing chamber V16.

The carburetor is provided with a nozzle 28 which is suitably secured therein and the lower end of which communicates with the float chamber thru a passage 29. This nozzle is preferably formed of two tubes 30 and 31, as shown, and a plug 32 by which it is secured in place. The outer tube 30 is secured in the plug 32 andthe inner tube 31 extends into the outer tube. The upper end 33 of the outer tube is separated from the exterior of the inner tube to form a well 34 and the upper end of this well is so located relative to the mixture tube 27 and the float upper end and Aits restricted inlet orifice 35,

it will feed liquid fuelI to the venturi at the correct ratioy for idling and relatively low suction without danger of leakage when the motor stops, and second, when the motor is started the `well will supply a rich mixture momentarily but without a continuation of it that is likely to choke the motor. ,If the ill@ some extent. Near its that its end A87 discharges into the mixing chamber. Thruout `the length of `this extension the `interior is considerably restricted so "that it will act frictionally on the liquid passing Athru it and `thus retard it to upper end, as at 38, its final restrictionjislocated so that it may be reamed to an exact size, as is `also the y restrictedV orifice 35 before the Slare put together.

From the"` above description of the construction Qfthe fuel nozzle Yit Will be seen that the Well 34 Will be nearly `full of `fuel Whenthe motorisidle and as soon as the motor is turned over, thus creating suction inVth-e intalre Apipe 11, this liquid `fuel will be dravvn into the mixture tube 27 and the mixing chamber 16 `with the incoming air and rich mixture AWill be rformed..for starting'the "n iotor.` `As .soon as the Well 311 has been emptied the smallport 35 determines the `amount yof tube and tliisissullicient for idlingand `for the lower running speeds .or low suction. When'a greater 4suction i prevails however 1the liquid fuel vvillbe drawn up farther 'in the nozzleland Wilhdischarge from the outlet 37 directly linto' the mixing chamber 16. This additional `supply of liquid fuel `Will compensate for the additional airthat is` dravvn in thru ,the intalre 19 byreason Aof the larger suction andthe mixture will 'be properly proportionedfor the heavierpduty required. It 1is retarded by friction `it passes thru tlwiefextension 36 sufficiently to prevent `an oyer-rieli `mixture at very high suction.` vThe nozzle is entirely Afree `from valves or other lfinirla Partsaad both O f its orifices Or 011tets af@ .at all iiaQS in the 1.11am air 'dream ofthecarburetor. i

VIn Figure 2 a slightly Vdifferent form of nozzle'is sliovvn. The plug 3 2 and outer tube 30 areV exactly the same `but the inner tube 41 has large bore extending ,up to ,the

orificefdr andthe small bore ofits 'extension tubes 8O and 46j isY of Vminimum Adiameter all the 1Way `up from riaprire i` This remue maken thebore smaller above the" orilice 4:5, and

therefore Vprovi les `more surface friction for thelfuel aboveA` that point, ,Without at the restricting `the capacity-of the orificey e5. :This will` provide a leaner mixffiit the higher arcade It Will be understood that various formsA gasoline vfed to the mixture of the inventionother than those described above may beused Without departing from the spirit or scope of the'invention.

Having described my invention, What I claim .and their@ t0 Secure .byLeterS `Pate ent Vis 1Q it carburetor comprising 'a float cham- `baixa mixture tube adjacent thereto, and a fuel nozzle connected tov the 'float chamber anddiavin-g a ivoll opening into the mixture tube slightly above the liquid level and having u second opening somewhat above the top of theavell and in the inain airestream.

2. In a carburetor, the combinationvvith a `Venturi mixture tube, of a fuel A'nozzle therein having a Well opening into said Venturiy tube adjacent its neclr andfhaving a `second opening above theivell and in the main air-stream. l

8. 'Ina carburetor, the coinbinatioirvvith a L Venturi mixture tube, of a fuel nozzleextending intoan d-thru the ltube and `having a-Well opening into the .tube at its narrovvest part i and having a second opening above the-topI ofthe `tube and at all times Vinthe niainain i stream. l i e fl. 'a carburetor comprising a ifloatchamn ber, a mixture tube adjacent-thereto, anda fuel nozzle connected `to the'oat chamber and having a vvell Withits only outletimeans opening into the mixturetube slightly above the liquid `level and having ajsec'onl opening somewhat above the top of thefIWellf--and inthe main air-streainjv A carburetor comprising a float chambei', a mixing chamber, a main air intake, a secondary air intake, a mixturetubefcoiri-` municating with the main air intake and exs" tendiiiginto the mixing chamber,and a fuel nozzle having a Well discharginginto the mixture tube and having a. discharge Aoutlet inthe 'mixingchamberf i 1G. A carburetor comprisingl a mixtureA tube and a duplex fuelnozzle therein,` said fuel nozzle being formed of aninner tube and an outer tube, the inner'tube extending somewhat above the upper end `of the ,outer tubeandthc outer tube being cut ayvaylto form a tvell at its upper end around the inner tube, the inner passage of thef nozzle cominner tube and With said Well, and said V"Well beleny its upper end communicating onlyjV ivitli the inner passage of said-nozzle 'i'. A `carburetor comprising a mixture tube, and a fuel nozzle tliereinllliaving aavell opening freely into said tube `andhaving a second opening into the tube above'v ther-top of the well, there being a restrictive "passage from the interior of the nozzleto saidivell;

8. In a hydrocarbon` motor, the `combin a-l tion with the intake `pipe and throttle valve,` of a carburetor comprising'a mixing` Achain; ber delivering to said intake pipe and a nozzle in which all the parts are relativel-yfixed lli.)

and valveless in operation, said nozzle having a delivery opening slightly above the normal fuel level and comprising an openended Well With a restrictive passage from the interior of the nozzle, said nozzle having a second delivery opening Well above the first opening and comprising an elongated tube With a restricted passage therethru.

9. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the intake pipe and throttle valve, of a carburetor comprising a mixing chamber delivering to said intake pipe, a Venturi tube below the mixing chamber, and a nozzle in the Venturi tube, all the part-s of said nozzle and tube being relatively nxecl and valveless in operation, and said nozzle comprising, first, a Well open at its top at the contracted part of said tube and having a restrictive passage from the interior of the prising,

nozzle, and second, an elongated extension with a'restricted passage thereth'ru and delivering Well above the restricted part of the Venturi tube.

l0. ln a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the intake pipe and throttle valve, of a carburetor comprising a mixingv chamber delivering to said intake pipe, a Venturi tube below the mixing chamber, and a noz zle in the Venturi tube, all the parts of said nozzle and tube being relatively fixed and valveless in operation, and said nozzle comfirst, a Well open at its top and adapt-edV to deliver fuel at low suction, and second,.a relatively high outlet adapted to deliver fuel at high suction only.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

LIONEL M. WooLsoN.

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