US2325546A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

H. D. REGAR CARBURETOR July 2?, 1943.

Filed April 5, 1 .94]. 3 Sheets-Sheet l Mmmw B. @2500 lhmcntor H. D. REGAR July 27, 1943.

CARBURETOR Filed April 5, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Marol D. Ream" 3 nventor H. D. REGAR July 27, M43;

CARBURETOR Filed April 5, 1941 s Sheets-Sheet s Marol D. Raga! 3nventor Patented July 27, 1943 UNITED PATENT" "OFFICE cannons-Ton Harold; D. Regar, Reading, Pa. 7 ApplicationApril s, isligsena no, 386,955 2' Claims. (01. mile-i1) My invention relatesto carburetors for supply mg combustible mixtures-oi air and fuel to internalcombustion engines and my object is. to provide novel and 'simply controlled means for insuring proper andeconomioal combustible mixs tures for all conditions and requirements of the engine operation. 1 Generally -.my carburetorcomprises new and improved means for mixing. the, combustible harges by passing air on itsway to the engine over a plurality of'iuel nozzles or jets'and progressively. increasing or. decreasing the number of effective jets, as best suited for varying" engine requirements, by means of a determinedlyshifted slide valve. r More particularly the nature. of my. improved carburetor construction and the manner: of itseffective control for varying combustible mixtures, will bemore *fully described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and .the novel fea's tures thereofaset forth in the appendediclaims.

Inthe drawings: a A Fig. I is a perspective front elevation of a'carburetor embodying'my invention, the float valve chamber being omitted, and part of the air inlet conduit broken away to more clearly disclose certain constructionfeatures.

Fig. 2 is a. front elevation: of the carburetor shownin Fig. l. .1 p N Fig. 3'is a sectional planview; takenonthe line 3-3,of 2. i i

opened position. a

"The drawings show a preferred embodiment of my improved carburetor, indicated as-a' down face cover plate. 1. The valve 6, as later here n described, is arranged to slide across andiclose certain of the vertical air passag ways connect- 7 ing tubes .1. and 2, andis operated, as shown, by a vertically swinging arm 8, extending through a slotted opening 9 in the top wall of easing 3:; the lower endof said arm.8 being pivotedat l inv an'opening II of valve 6, and its upperend having a, slot lzzpivotally engaging a'pin l3on a standard H, mounted on casing 3. .A'bell' crank lever is shown as having its axle portionv l mounted in a suitable bearin Iiicarriedby cas:

1 Fig; 4fis a partial-sectionalelevation taken on draft type, though my invention is not to be considered as limited tothis type.

In the drawings, I indicatesan air-inlet con duit, shownas mounted in vertical alinement with a mixture-delivery conduit 2, and separated from the latter by an interposed partition block creasing 3; The conduit 2 is shown as flanged at 4 for connecting; either directly or through an interposed tube, with the inlet manifold of the engine. not shown. And casing -3 is shown with vertical apertures later more fully described, formingair passage-Ways connecting the condsit l and 2; and with a recessed seat 5 in which is fitted a slide valve 3 projecting through an openend in said casing and retaineddn said recess bye, front mg 3, with one end ll of said lever. pivotally engagingiin a slot 18 in-ar-m 8., and its other end 1 adapted for connection with a usual throttle lover, or other means not shown, for cQntrQlling the engine speed in known manner. This means for operating slide'valve it will. be noted, proide for a cam like action, d e totthe bellcrank en a ement with swin ing a m 8., and ros duoing a desiredslow initial opem' movement of th valve with increase of; its: speed as it is opened Wid andreversely aq ick i itial closing movement with reducedspeed a it approaches its fully osed positionsthus p rmit ing nicetv of aid: justment in the partial openin s with qui ter respon e. for increa ed demands... I l1 ,v The slide valve 6, above described, is arranged to move transversely to open or. cl se air passa e ways in partition casing ,3, such openings; as shownin th raw be n p efer ly ivid bya separating wall 25 into a. substantial rec-1 tangular opening. 25, and a substantially trian m lar opening ltja third round opening 28 beyond the traverse of valve 6 being provided for idling speeds as laterherein more fully described. The valve 6 progressively moves to. open and close these air passageways, and it will be noted, the triangular passageway provides for greatly re duced; air passages .as the valve approachesits extreme inward ,movementsf To continue this divisionzjof; a r pass through ape ur s 26 and 7. conduit l, as shown, s p ided wit a partitioh wall30, registering with the separatingwa'll 25 and extending upwardly therefrom to divide conduit 1 nto two tical io s o a po tion-ofits h i ht."

V The liquid fuel is delivered from a suitable source of storage, through a pipe- 35 m a float v lve cha er 35. which ma b a y usual -.constructio.n adapted to maintain a controlled forms a common or main fuel inlet for a plurality of vertical branches 39, and 44, shown as spaced along the length thereof and each branch having a right-angled extension, such extension 4| from branches 39 opening into air passageway 26, and such extensions 42 from branches 49 opening into air passageway 21. The passageways for the fuel are alone shown in the drawings, but they may be readily formed by drilling meeting holes of proper diameter inward through the outer wallsand plugging the unused portions thereof in any convenient manner. The open ends of the branch extensions 4| and 42 are preferably provided with outlet nozzles or jets 43' and 44 screwed into the air passage way wall and extending into the latter an effective distance to deliver their liquid fuel in the form of an atomized spray as called for by the air passing over them. Further these spray nozzles 43 and 44 extend outwardly from the walls of air passageways 26 and 21, above, or on the air inlet sideof slide valve 6', so that when the latter closes said passageways, no suction induced by the engine cylinder can act to. draw fuel from them, but when the valve is moved to open said passageways, these jets will act to supply fuel to the passing air in accordance with'the flow call of the latter.

As before stated casing block 3 has a third aperture 28 forming an air passageway between conduits l and 2 for a combustible fuel mixture suitable for idling speeds of the engine, and not affected by the slide valve 6',"so as to maintain such feed when the slide valve entirelycloses passageways 26 and 27. shownras having an angular extension 50 from a fuel supplybranch 5| from main fuel passageway 38, and a nozzle 53 in aperture -28. Conduit I is shown with a thickened wall portion 54 having an aperture 55 in register with aperture 28 and forming an'air inlet thereto. 58 indicates -a screw bolt valve extending through the wall 'of conduit l' into said aperture 55to control the a rich starting mixture. Its later use is generally unnecessary, and it may be set, after starting, to fully opened position for admission of; air 'to conduit I, and themovement of slide valve 6, progressively opening air passageways 2'! audit provides all necessary control of the fuel mixture determined by the suction 'free' of such air passing'over fuel nozzle 43 and 44, as they progres-' sively come intosuch air flow by the movement of valve 6, to insureadequate su'pply'of fuel for the mixture 7 a In some cases, for extra power and speed, spe-' cial enrichment of the combustible mixture may bedesired, and this" is provided for as shown in the drawings by an added spray nozzle ill, extending laterally from astud from block 3 in air conduit l. interior extension 12 to apbranch 13 connecting with main fuel supply passageway 38. Such ad-' ditional spray nozzle is not necessarily'limited to one, as two ormore may be employed, and the 7 post ll projecting upwardly This post hasannozzle may desirably have a larger diameter spray opening than nozzles 43 and 44, for increased discharge therefrom.

An important feature to note is that fuel nozzles 43, 44 and 53 are in a horizontal alinement, and float valve chamber 36 is so positioned as to maintain a fuel level in main passageway 38 and its plurality of vertical branches well below the respective nozzles for the latter, so that flow throughsaid nozzles willoccur only: when the suction of the motor induces air flow across them. Another feature to note is that nozzle 10, or an other like added nozzle, is shown at a higher level than nozzles 43, 44 and 53, so that flow therefrom occurs only in the higher vacuum suctions ofthe motor. The 'alinement of nozzles 43, 44 and 53, may of course he stepped as to height,

1 if desired, to cause feedings at varying suctions,

This passageway is if desired.

Another feature to note particularly, is that slide valve 6 is .self'sealing, that is, it is drawn to its seat by vacuum suction of the motor when operating, so that inaccuracies or looseness of fit of said slide, does not affect its operation. And moreover, movement of said slide valve 6, when the motor is idle, can have no pumping action or suction to draw fuel from the feed nozzles, as such drawing :of fuel and mixture with air is determinedqand regulated solely by the suction action of themotor in operation, thus insuring a proper regulation of such mixture for efiective and economical operation of the motor. I V

The starting of .themotor, in most cases, will require only a partial opening of slide valve 6 to uncover a portion of air passageway 21, the

, turning over of the motor drawing in air through conduit l-and over one or more nozzles 44 to furnish such air with fuel drawn from such nozzles by the passing air; .When a richer starting mixture is desired, as starting in cold weather, butterfly valve 60 is closed to choke or shut off the admission of air to conduit l thus increasing the vacuum suction in such conduits, so that fuel may be drawn from all .the nozzles if necessary, regardless of the position of slide valve 6, merely uncovering a portion of'passageway 21. When the valve 65] is thus closed, fuel in the form of spray will be drawn upwardly from nozzles 43, and 10 when employed, to'rise over partition wall 30 and then descend to pass through passageway 21, producing a rich andvery thoroughly mixed charge, reduced as soon as the'engine-is properly running by opening valve 63, so the charges may be governed byslide valve 6. for ordinary running operation of the. motor.

' For idling operation of the motor, passageway 28 will suffice to furnish a sufliciency of proper combustible mixture, such idling-feed being adjustably set by operation of screw bolt valves 53 and 51.

For starting, with the valve to closed as above described, fuel'frorn allth'e nozzles may feed to enrichjthe mixture, though under general conditions use of valve s0 is not necessary, as sufficient richness is furnished by the air passing through the partially opened passageway 27.

For ordinary motor operation, movement of slide valve fi, progressively uncovering passageways 2! and 25, and reversely closing them, will produce adequate and economical combustive mixtures for all normal speeds.

And for higher speeds and increased loads, additional fuel to enrichthe mixture may be supphed by the higher positioned nozzle or nozzles as described, the height thereof determining the suction required to draw fuel therefrom.

In connection with the above, a very important feature to be noted is, that by separating passageway apertures 27 and 26 by partition wall 25 and conduit I divided by partition 30, practically dual air flow passageways 21 and 26 re p ovi which, as progressively opened by slide valve 6, produce a dual carburetor action. Passageway 21 forms a limited flow initial carburetor, and passageway 26 an added increased speed and power carburetor, and when both are shut off passageway 28 provides mixture for maintained idling of the engine. This dual action provides for desirable economical operation for general use, with immediate increased power when required for heavier loads or higher speeds, all combined in one carburetor and controlled by a single slide valve.

In all such feeding, the fuel supplied is deter- V mined solely by the vacuum call of the motor, which can and will draw just the proper amount of fuel necessary for proper combustion, thus ensuring economical operationat all speeds.

From the foregoing description it is believed the nature of my improvements and the manner of operation will be clearly understood-the feed nozzles supply fuel as called for by the engine vacuum under control of the slide valve, with a fixed idling feed through passageway 28, and an excess fuel supply through nozzle 113; said slide valve being self sealing to prevent fuel feed except as controlled, and having a Variable traverse for quicker opening for higher demands and slower movements when in the more nearly closed position.

The particular embodiment shown in the drawings and above specifically described may of course be modified within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, an air inlet conduit, a mixture delivery conduit, and a transverse intermediate member between said conduits having a fuel-mixing aperture with straight sides alined with said conduits and forming a straight air passageway through the latter, a row of fuel spray nozzles extending laterally into said mixing aperture and brought into operation by suction of air passing over them, a partition wall in said mixture delivery conduit, another partition extending into said fuel-mixing aperture in said intermediate member beyond said row of fuel spray nozzles, such other partition being a continuation of said first named partition wall and dividing the fuel mixing aperture in said intermediate member into two passageways, one of which is triangular in cross-section, a slide valve mounted in said intermediate member in spaced relation between said spray nozzles and said delivery conduit, actuating mechanism for sliding said valve to vary the opening of said aperture and the number of spray nozzles brought into operation, and a separate spaced fuel-mixing passageway forming a constantly open air passageway connecting said conduits,

2. In a carburetorfor internal combustion engines, an air inlet'conduit, a mixture delivery conduit, and a transverse intermediate member between said conduits having a fuel-mixing aperture with straight sides alined with said conduits and forming a straight air passageway through the latter, a row of fuel spray nozzles extending laterally into said mixing aperture and brought into operation by suction of air passing over them, a partition wall in said mixture delivery conduit. another partition extending into said fuel-mixing aperture in said intermediate member' beyond said row of fuel spray nozzles, such other partition being a continuation of said first named partition wall and dividing the fuel mixing aperture in said intermediate member into two passageways, one of which is triangular in cross-section, a slide valve mounted in said in- 2 said spray nozzles and said delivery conduit, ac-.

termediate member in spaced relation between tuating mechanism forsliding said valve to vary the opening of said aperture and the number of spray-nozzles brought into operation, and a separate spaced fuel-mixing passageway forming a constantly open air passageway connecting said conduit-s, the fuel mixing aperture of triangular cross-section, in said intermediate member, being located in such manner that the opening converges as said valve closes.

HAROLD D. REGAR.

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