US1218085A - Liquid-fuel-feeding device for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

JAY.

LIQUID FUEL FEEDING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9. 1916'.

m1 w T MW J 5 h W, JAY.

I LIQUID FUEL FEEDING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9, 1916- 1,218,085. Patented Mar. 6, 1917.

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To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WEBB JAY,'a citize of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the; county'of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in) Liquid Fuel- F.eeding Devices for. In-

-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of an autoternal-Combus'tion Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being vhadto the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

Thepurpose'of this invention is to provide an. improved device for supplying the liquid fuel to an internal eombustion engine through the carbureter and in part includingthe carbureter; It consists in the ele-'- ments' and features ofconstruction shown and described as indicated in the claims.

In the drawings mobile, showing diagrammatically the relative position of the several parts coiiperating in this inventionl Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the carbureter and itsfloat chamber, and an appurtenant chamber coiiperating for fuel feed.-

Fig. 3 is a section at the line, 33 on Fig. 2'. I

F ig.4, is a section at the; line, 4-4 on Fig. 2. v

Fig. 5 is a section at the'line, 55, on Fig. 4. I I

In the drawings the intake manifold of the engine is indicated at A. B is the carbureter 0r mixing'chamber in which the liquid fuel is drawn in together with air and mixed therewith: C is the liquid-levelgoverning chamber-or float chamber of the carburetor. A is a fuel-intake pipe leading from the carbureter'to the manifold. .D is

-the liquid fuel supply pipe whose terminal .within the carbureter passage is hereinafter 1 referredto as the oil nozzle. E is a main fuel supply tank shown located, as iscustomary, at a relatively low position at the rearof'thevehicle.- 7 is a liquid fuel supply pipe leading from the main tank, E, and as illustrated, through the boss, f, in the 'liquid-level-goveming chamber, C, to an elevated auxiliary reservoir, F, positioned at 'such height thatthe liquid fuelwill flow by the chamber, C, and constitutinga continuaavity from it to the liquid-level-governing l iamber, C, said reservoir, as illustrated, be-

G is a plate which forms the bottom of the I Specification of Letters Patent. P t t d 6 191 C Application filed March 9,

1916. Serial No. 83,062.

reservoir, F, and the top of the chamber, C.

It has a passage, 9, delivering liquid from the reseri'oirfF, into the chamber, C, which convenient size .to "'hold J valve, J, closed against the head ofthe liquid which may be 1 1n the reservoir, F, said float is connected with the valve by a lever, J, as shown, which' may be conveniently fulcrumed on the boss, I, by means of a pivotscrew 7' A is an air inlet pipe surrounding the oil 3 supply pipe, D and having its upper end tapered narrowlng so as to terminate quite close to the discharge nozzle of the pipe, D, the taper of said upper end having the purpose and effect of causing the air which is drawn in through said pipe, A to'be dis charged against the oil delivered through the nozzle obliquely to the latter from all sides, with the effect of spraying or widely distributing the oil by the oblique impact of the air thereon from all sides. K is a valve inthe air inlet passage of the carbureter located back of the discharge tip of the oil discharge nozzle and of the pipe, A, said valve being designed for regulating the air supply to the carbureter except as to so much thereof as may be drawn in through the pipe, A for. spraying the oil as described; saidvalve, K, is located at the position stated so that the'throttling of the air supply by means of it shall not have the effeet of throttling or in. any manner diminishing the suction which acts upon the oil discharge nozzle produced by the partial vacuum inthe' intake manifold, and operating to draw the explosive charge into the mani old. The supply tank, E; is as usual provided with an air' vent, .e, to expose the contents to atmospheric pressure. The-anxiliary reservoir, .1 is air-tight; that, is it has. no opening for or communication with atmospheric pre$ure except through. the pipe,- f, which leads to the lower end of a hollow boss, 7, formed on the inner'wall of pipe, P, which is inserted through the plate,

point therein, preferably only a short distance above the bottom so as to provide a water trap space below said discharge opening, a drain cock, F being preferably provided at the bottom for draining out of the reservoir, F, the water which may be accumulated therein. Mostconveniently this drain passage is made in the plate, G, and leads out through the edge of said plate which carries a boss, G for attachment of the drain cock, F as shown. In order that the liquid-level-governing chamber, C, may be filled to the level at which "the float, 0, will seat the valve, J, and thus stop the inflow of liquid to said chamber, and that the liquid may besupplied to the oil nozzle by the pressure of the head of liquid standing to that level in said liquid-level-governing chamber, C, the suction or diminished atmospheric pressure operating on the liquid contents of said chamber, C, through the pipe, D, is equalized by providing a duct, H, leading from the constricted portion of the air passage of the carbureter to the upper part of said liquid-level-governing chamber, C.

The operation of the structure as thus far described is thatwhen the engine is in operation, the partial vacuum produced in the intake manifold operating through the oil discharge nozzle of the carbureter, produces a partial vacuum in the liquid-level-governing chamber, C, and thence through the passage, 9, produces a partial vacuum in the auxiliary reservoir, F, causing the oil to be raised by atmospheric pressure from the main supply tank, E, and discharged into said auxiliary reservoir, F, from whence it flows out by way of the passage, 9, to the liquid-level-governing chamber, C, filling the same to the height at which the float therein operates. to close the valve, J, at the inlet, g, from the reservoir, F. The degree of partial vacuum produced in the auxiliary reservoir, F, being nearly-that existing at the discharge nozzle in the constricted portion of the carbureter air passage, will continue to operate to cause the liquid to pass from the main tank, E, up over into the said reservoir, F, after the liquid-level-governing' chamber, C, is filled to the height controlled by the float, and there will thus be accumulated in the reservoir, F, a reserve supply of liquid fuel which will pass down into the chamber, C, in charges from time to time as the operation of the float opens the valve, J, thus admitting into said chamber, C, at

to lift the liquid fuel from the main supply L tank, E, into the auxiliary reservoir, F, at the same time that that suction is operating for taking the liquid through and from the a discharge nozzle for mixture with the air and drawing it into the manifold. This method should be distinguished from an other method in common use which consists in alternately producing,usually by suction from the manifold,and relieving, a.

partial vacuum in an elevated auxiliary chamber for causing the liquid to be lifted froma lower main supply tank during the existence of such partial vacuum, and then delivered from said auxiliary chamber by gravity toward the carbureter while the vacuum is relieved, that is, while the chamber is subject to atmospheric pressure. In distinction from this method, it will be noted that the mode of operation of the hereinabove described apparatus involves the con-- tinuous maintenance of the partial vacuum in the auxiliary reservoir, 1*, except, if at any time the flow of liquid from the main supply tank should,satisfy that vacuum, in excess of that which would be necessary to lift theliquid through the distance between the elevation of the two chambers, E and F. In case of sudden changes in the degree of partial vacuum operative in the engine in take passage from the carbureter, it will sometimes occur that the partial vacuum in the supplemental reservoir, F, is for an appreciable length of time of a higher degree than in said passage; and in such case the suction which withdraws the oil from the nozzle, and which operates also at the point of delivery of oil'from the reservoir,'F, into the chamber, C, being of the lower degree, would not cause any oil to pass from the reservoir, F, into the liquid-level-governing chamber, C, to replace any which under those circumstances might be withdrawn from the said chamber, C, to the nozzle, and under such circumstances the suction operative for drawing oil from the, liquid-levelgoverning chamber C, may take inadequate supply for the engine. The higher suction in the reservoir, F, may in time be satisfied .by the oil coming up from the main tank, E,

promptly enough to equalize the vacuum 13o in the chamber, F, with that operating: at the delivery passage, g, beforethe, engine has been caused to miss an explosion for want of oil. But the danger of the engine becoming embarrassed from this cause is obviated by providing a duct leading fromthe upper part of the reservoir, F, cornmunicat-" ing with the carbureter air passage at a point of comparatively high vacuum therein. Preferably this connection, as in the case'of the communication with the upper part of the chamber, C, is made at a point in the constricte'd portion of said 'air passage, so thatpassage for communicating from the point indicated in the carbureter air passage to the air space in the upper part of the reservoir, F. With such a communication provided between the engine intake and the reservoir, F, the partial vacuum operated in the supplemental reservoir, F, will always be substantially the same as that operating at the nozzle, so. thatin case of such reduction of the partial vacuum in the passage communicating between the carbureter and the engine intake, such reduction !will occur equally in the reservoir, F, and the suction operating through the nozzle drawing oil from the liquid-level-governing chamber, C,

will operate in the desired manner to draw a like supply to said chamber, C, from the reservoir, F.

vThe existence of this conduit, L, in the absence of preventive means might result,

under some circumstances in causing. the reservoir, F, to be completely filled so that the oil would flow over from it through said conduit, L, with the result of flooding the carbureter. This result is prevented by an automatic valve, M, positioned for 'closing the intake mouth of the pipe, L, within the reservoir, F, and arranged and connected in any suitable manner so as to be seated by the rise of liquid in the reservoir, F, to a height less than that which would cause it to flow out through said conduit, L.' A convenient construction for this purpose consists in terminating the pipe, L, with a down-turned end closed by a disk, l,-through which there is made .a small aperture, 1 adequate for the operation of the suction therethrough, and making the valve, M, in the form of a tapering needle forseating in said aperture, I, said valve, M, being manna ed upon a. lever, M forked atone end andthereby. pivoted upom' tlie pipe, L, back of its termlnal bend b 'meansof two cone-r pointed screws, L said lever having at comlplishes a most'efiectilalpriming.=. j

its end remote frointhe thus pro-I i vided for it on the pipe, L, a float,.M 1 The weight ofthe lever and the float areeasily made adequate to overcome the suction which will operate to hold'theneedlefvalve seated, and will therefore cause the valveto.

open whenever the liquid level in the chamber falls below the predetermined "maxi mum.

The constructlon' 'now; described as 137-5 whole, it will be observed,-will operate to;-

furnish oil by gravity from the reserveings;

F, to the liquid-'level governing ehamb'flenC, v to maintain thei operation of the -engine.-

through a considerable periodduringwhich of time under such circumstances. 5

- It is preferable toprovi'de a ch hold the oil which may be once lifte'd' and the suction'may be inadequate. for-lifting the oil from the low leveltank. [It willbs obvious that the. capacity of the, reservoir I F, may be made such as to maintain the op. 5

veration of the engine for a y desired length prevented from running back into the man;

E, when theengine stops and partial vacu t um in the reservoir, F, no longer exists. 1.1 f 1 In order that the engine may. be readlly primed at starting in any instance inwhich theireservo'ir, F, might be left empty at the time of stoppingthe engine, the oil directly and immediately available being that nher, 0, there is preferabl provided; a valve, P, for closing the duct, I I, thereby preventing the production of a partialvacuum in "tained in the liquid-level-governing.ichamf .the .upperpart of the chamber, G, by the first strokes of-the engine at starting", which, I

if it existed in the .absence of any supply of liquid in the-reservoir,- F, ready to de:

scen'd into the chamber,"C, would neutralize. the efle'ct of the suctionvope'rating through j the nozzle, andprevent' such suction from" va'lve being closed at starting, the first-. strokes of the engine will efl'ect a priming" .by drawing oil through the nozzle outof' tl 1e chamber, C, producing a partial vacuum'jin 3 be extended in the reservoir, F,a'nd back I, through the pipe, f, leadingthereto, causing oil to pass up from the main supply tank, E, and'tobe delivered down throughjth'e'fl passage, g, into the chamber, '0, for making good the amount withdrawn through theff' nozzle. By' closing the throttle valve, K, the 3;

drawing any oilinto'thecarbureter. This the upper part-of that chamber which will full suction of the engine will operatei in the oil thus taken Lfromthe nozzle, this flac- ,ated in any= convenient manner; the

dash board, as by means of a small flexible shaft, P contained in a proper casing, P making all necessary bends and turns to reach the point on the dash-board at which the knob, P may be provided for rotating the shaft to turn the valve.

In addition to or independently of the provision above described for closing the duct, H, for the purpose of priming or providing for oil supply under particular circumstances, an automatic means for closing the duct under certain circumstances may be provided consisting in forming the constriction'in the air passage of the carbureter by means of a constricted sleeve, X, as shown in the drawings, said sleeve being positioned normally as shown in Fig. 2, stopped by the pins, X at the upper end of the slots, a:, in the lower end portion of the sleeve, X, and having a range of movement upward from said shoulder, as, for example, forthe length of said slots, at. This sleeve having a portion of the duct, H, indicated by the piece contained in said sleeve being thereby moved into registration with the remainin portion of the duct, thecommunication a orded by.

said duct will be opened when the sleeve is thus lifted by the friction of the air entering past the valve, K.

The most constrictedpoint in the sleeve,

X, is designed to stand at the transverse planevof the tip of the oilnozzle when the inrush of air is moderate, resulting from the partial opening of the valve, K, and operation of the engine such as to cause a moderate degree of suction through the air passage; and when the suction becomes extreme,

tending to draw an excessive quantity of oil past the nozzle, the inrush of air will lift the sleeve, X, carrying the choke or most constricted point above the transverse plane of the nozzle tip and'thereby diminish the suc-' tion on the nozzle and the quantity of oil drawn therethrough. In order that there shall be established a relation between the suction which causes the air inrush and the distance to which the sleeve, X, is lifted H ,the resistance of the spring increases proportionately to the upward movement of the sleeve.

The method of forming'the portion, H of the duct in connection with the sleeve which consists in using the tube as illustrated, has no special significance, that method being adopted merely as a convenient one when the sleeve is made of sheet metal, as. it may be for the purpose of rendering it light and easily moved by the suction. The course of the duct, however, as having its end which opens into the constricted portion of the air passage trending upward and inward,that is, substantially in the direction of the in-rushing air, is desirable for the purpose of rendering the suction as efiicientas possible fordrawing the air through the duct and thereby producing the proper degree of partial vacuum in the chambers with which the duct is connected.

I claim I 1. In combination with a carbureter having an air passage; an aair-controlling valve in the air passage; a liquid fuel delivery tube extending into said air passage for discharge therein at a point inwardly beyond the air-controlling valve; a liquid-level governing chamber from which said delivery tube leads; means therein for controlling the level of the liquid contents of said chamher; a main liquid fuel supply tank at a lower level; a supplementary liquid fuel reservoir at a higher level; a liquid conduit from said main tank to said reservoir; a liquid passage from saidr reservoir to said level-governing chamber; a duct from the upper part of said reservoir and from the upper part of said level-governing chamber communicating with the air passage proximately to the discharge ofthe liquid fuel delivery tube, and means in said supplemental liquidfuel reservoir for closing the opening of said duct therein at a predetermined level of liquid in such reservoir.

2. In combination with a carbureter having an air passage which is constricted for a short distance in the length of said passage; an air-controlling valve in the air passage back of said constriction; a liquid fuel delivery tube extending in the unconstricted portion of said air passage between the constriction and the air controlling valve and terminating for its discharge substantially 'at the transverse plane of said constriction; a liquid-level-governing chamber from which said delivery tube leads, andmeans therein for controlling the "level of the liquid contents of said chamber; a main liquid fuel supply tank at a lower level; a supplemental liquid reservoir mounted upon and forming a unitary structure with the level-governing chamber; a conduit from the main tank which extends through the level-gov erning chamber sealed therefrom and fur- I ther extends up into-the supplementa'l reser-h voir; a liquid passage connecting the upper part of the liquid governing chamber with the lower part of said reservoir; the liquidmunicating at its lower end with the upper I opening at ts upper. end in the upper-part level governing means comprising a valve which is' adapted to close said passage at a re-determined level of liquid in said chamer; a tube extending insaid reservoir compart of the liquid-governing chamber, and

of said reservoir;-'a vvalve adapted to close the upper end opening of said' tube, and

means-in said reservoir foroperating saidv .valve adapted to close-it'when the liquid" levelin said reservoirreaches a pre-deter:

I mined.'height, .and ajduet leadingv from the uppe Part of the iq r chamber '3, In co bination a carbureter-having an air passage which is constricted for a short distance inithe'length of said passage; an air-controlling valve in the air passage back of said constriction; a liquid fuel delivery tube extending in the uncon: strlcted port onof said air passage between the constriction and, the aircontrolling valveandjterminating for its discharge sub-. stantially fat the transverse plane, of said constriction'; a liquid-level governing chainher from which .said delivery tube leads,- and meansthere'in for controlling the level of the liqnidfcontents of said chamber; a f main liquid fuel supply tank at a lower; level; a;'supplemental fuel reservoir mountfix-Ted on'the top of and forming a unitary -structureflwith' the oliquid-level-governiug chamber; "aiconduit' .from'the lower part of; 4 the main fuelsupply tank; to said supplemental reservoir; "a communicating passage 1 from the'upper part of'the liquid'-level-gov-' erningchamber into the lower part ofsaid J partIoi-said 'liquid governingchamber into d: erbu l? gf d' pfi g '-Iii'1';'th e '-;latter' fsnbstariially' aflQthe' level of: 1

said-constriction,- i and. another'iduct leading 0601f A ,chamb e'r to 1 h? ,upper ,partof said supreservoirpa duct leading from the upper from thee p r part f'of said liquid-governp emental'; reservoir,- I and means said reservoir for .closingthe .fopening: of said 'last ;me,ntionedfduct therein at'a pre-determined, 1 i j F4; combination with a. carbureter/hav- '5 .;1"inganair passage which is constricted for ashort'aidi'stance in the length. of said pas- [Q sage; an "air-controlling valve in the air level" of the liquid in said reservoir.

passage back of said constriction; a. liquid fuel delivery tube extending in the uncon- 'stricted portion'of said air passage between the constriction and the air controlling valve and terminating for its discharge. substan-'v tially at the transverse plane of'said confrom' which saiddelivery tube leads, and means therein for controlling the'level of the liquid contents of said chamber; a main liquidfuel supply tank at. a lower level; a

supplementaryjrliquid fuel reservoir at a higher-level; said liquid-governing chamber being immediately adjacent to and rigid with said constricted air passage, said pas- Sage and'chamber being provided with' a 'duct' leading from theconstricted portion ,of the airpassage to the upper part of the 'governing chamber;l said reservoir being positioned immediately above and made rigid with the governing chamber; a diaphragm plate which formsthe top of the governing chamber and the bottom of said reservoir, said-plate having a liquid passageconI'Iecting the top of the governing chamber with the bottom of the reservoir .striction; a liquid-level-governing chamber and havingia drain passage terminating in a a drain cock at the edge of said plate and opening through the top of said plate for draining the reservoir;- a suction pipe mounted in .and extendin' I down through said plate for communication with the top:

of the level-governing chamber, said pipe extending up in the reservoir and opening therein near the top-thereof; a valve for closing the upperend opening of said pipe and a lever fulcrumed upon the pipe and carrying-said valve, and a float carried r the lever in saidreservoir.

5.111 combination with a carbureter hav-' I ing an air passage'which is constricted for a short distance in "the length of said passage; an air-controlling valve in the air passage back of said constriction; a liquid fuel delivery tube extending in the unconstricted portion of said air'passage between" the constrictionand the air controlling valve and terminating for its discharge substantially at the transverse plane of said constrictiony' a liquid-levelgoverning chamber from which said delivery tube leads, and means therein for controlling the level of the liquid .contents of said chamber; a main liquid fuel supply tank at a lower level; asupplementary liquidiuelreservoir at a higher level;-

" a liquid conduit from said main tank u to no I said reservoir; a liquid passage from said reservoir to. said level-governing chamber, ducts from the upper part of said reservoir and from the upper part of said level governing chamber communicating with the air passa e substantially at theconstrlcted portion t ereof, said ducts' comp'risin a portion in common, and a valve in sai portion for closing the communication through both I of said ducts.

6. In 'combinat1on w1th a carbureter having an air passage which is constricted for a short distance in the length of said passage; an air-controlling valve in said pas-i sage back of said constriction; a liquid fuel ber from which said delivery tube leads;

delivery tube extending in the unconstricted portion of said air passage between the con striction and the air-controlling valve, and terminating for its discharge substantially at the transverse plane of said constriction; a liquid-level-governing chamber-from which said delivery tube leads, and means therein for controlling the level of the liquid contents of said chamber; a main liquid fuel supply tank-at a lower level; a supplementary liquid fuel reservoir at a higher level; a liquid conduit from said main tank to said reservoir; a liquid passage from sa1d reservoir to said level-jgoverning chamber; ducts from the upper part of said reservoir and from the upper part of said level-governing chamber communicating with the'carbureter air passage, approximately at the transverse plane at which the liquid-fuel-delivery tube discharges in said constricted portion, and

' substantially at the transverse plane of said constriction; a liquid-level-governing chamand means therein for controlling the level of the liquid contents of said chamber; a

source of supply of liquid 'fuel to said chamber and connections thereto; a duct leading from the carbureter air passage to the upper part of the saidliquid-level-governing chamber, the constricted portion of said air passage being formed by means of a constricted sleeve mounted for sliding in said air passage, a portion of said duct being formed in said sleeve non-registering at the lowest position, with the remaining portion formed in the'fixed wallof the air passage, the sleeve having a range ofmovement upward for registering the parts of sa'idduct;

whereby the duct is closed at its lowest posi- A tion and is opened when the sleeve is sucked inward.

8. In a carbureter, in combination with the air passage and the liquid fuel supply pipe discharging within said passage; a sleeve mounted in said passage constricted between its ends and positioned with said constriction encompassing the discharge end ofthe liquid fuel pipe, said parts having a suction duct partly formed in said sleeve;

and partly formed in the fixed member in which the sleeve slides, the parts of the duct being out of registration at the normal position of the sleeve and being registered when the sleeve is sucked inward, whereby the sleeve acts as a valve for automatically closing said suction duct.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Chicago, Illinois, this 4th day of M arch,,1916. v

' WEBB JAY.

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