US1660911A - Thermostatic material - Google Patents

Thermostatic material Download PDF

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Publication number
US1660911A
US1660911A US14971A US1497125A US1660911A US 1660911 A US1660911 A US 1660911A US 14971 A US14971 A US 14971A US 1497125 A US1497125 A US 1497125A US 1660911 A US1660911 A US 1660911A
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United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
chromium
iron
elements
metal
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US14971A
Inventor
Porter H Brace
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CBS Corp
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Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Priority to US14971A priority Critical patent/US1660911A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1660911A publication Critical patent/US1660911A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
    • G01K5/48—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid
    • G01K5/56—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid
    • G01K5/62—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid the solid body being formed of compounded strips or plates, e.g. bimetallic strip
    • G01K5/64—Details of the compounds system
    • G01K5/66—Selection of composition of the components of the system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H2037/526—Materials for bimetals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/931—Seal including temperature responsive feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
    • Y10S277/939—Containing metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/125—Deflectable by temperature change [e.g., thermostat element]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component

Definitions

  • My invention relates to temperature controlled devices and particularly to thermostats and thermostatic materials.
  • the object of my invention is to provide 5 a bimetallicthcrmostat that shall be easily manufactured, that shall retain the characteristics of the individual metals after manufacture and that shall be effective over a relatively large temperature range.
  • I provide a heat-responsive device comprising metallic elements, one of which is an alloy of electrolytic iron and chromium, and the other of which is molybdenum.
  • an 1ron-chromium-alloy made up of electrolytic, iron and pure chromium or low carbon chromium and a small quantity. of manganese is ductile even after heating to effect the brazing thereof to a cooperating metallic element and that there .fore it maybe cold rolled as is required in order to reducethe thickness of the bimetal- 40 lic sheet to a suitably small value.
  • composition of such an iron chromium alloy is about as follows:
  • the temperature expansivity of such an iron-chromium alloy between they imits of substantially 0 C. and 700 C. is approximately 12X 10* units per unit lengtlr per degree centigrade.
  • the hereinbefore described metal element may be employed in connection'with an irreversible nickel-steel alloy, of which an alloy conltaining approximately 26% nickel is typ- 1ca
  • molybdenum may be employed as the co-operating metal element as it has a temperature expansivity of substantially 5. 1 10* units per unit length per degree centigrade over substantially the same temperature range as hereinbefore stated for the iron-chrominum alloy.
  • the two metal elements may be heated, heat treated and rolled as is required in the manufacture of the ordinary bimetallic thermostatic members without either or both of the metallicelements developing cold brittleness, both remaining ductile after'the necessary heating.
  • This characteristic of, the electrolytic iron and chromium alloy to retain its ductility is of great value where it is desired to employ a bimetallic thermostat over a relatively wide range of temperature, such as in included,
  • the numeral 11 indicates one metal element of a bimetallic thermostat that is composed of electrolytic iron and pure chromium and the numeral 12 indicates the cooperating metal element thereof that consists of molybdenum. Any suitable or desired method of effecting a close and intimate union between the two metal ele ments over their entire abutting faces may be employed in a manner well known in the art.
  • a heatd'esponsive device comprising two metallic elements, one of said elements being an alloy of electrolytic iron and chromium haivng a relatively high temperature coefiicient of expansion and the other of said elements being a metal having a relatively low temperature coefiicient of expansion.
  • a heat-responsive device comprising a.
  • one of said elements being an alloy of electrolytic iron and chromium with a greater percentage of iron than of chromium, the other of said ele- 5 ments being molybdenum.
  • A'heat-responsive device comprising a plurality of metallic elements, one of said elements being molybdenum, and the other of said elements being an alloy of electrolytic iron and chrominum. 10

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Details Of Measuring And Other Instruments (AREA)

Description

Patented Feb. 28, 1928.
UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.
PORTER H. BRACE, OF WILKINSBURG,
PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSE THERMOSTATIC MATERIAL.
Application filed March 12, 1925. Serial No. 14,971.
My invention relates to temperature controlled devices and particularly to thermostats and thermostatic materials. I
The object of my invention is to provide 5 a bimetallicthcrmostat that shall be easily manufactured, that shall retain the characteristics of the individual metals after manufacture and that shall be effective over a relatively large temperature range.
In practicing my invention, I provide a heat-responsive device comprising metallic elements, one of which is an alloy of electrolytic iron and chromium, and the other of which is molybdenum.
The single figure of the drawing illus trates, in section, a bimetallic thermostat embodying my invention.
It has heretofore been suggested to use as one of the metal members of a bimetallic thermostat, an iron-carbonchromium alloy in which the chromium comprises approximately-13% to 15% of the total metallic content and the carbon from 0.1% to 1% thereof. I have found that it is relative- 2 ly difficult to effect an intimate bonding -of this alloy with a cooperating metal elemerit owing to the development of cold brittleness on the part of the iron-carbonchromium alloy as a result of the heating operations necessary to braze this alloy to a cooperating metal element.
I have found that an 1ron-chromium-alloy made up of electrolytic, iron and pure chromium or low carbon chromium and a small quantity. of manganese is ductile even after heating to effect the brazing thereof to a cooperating metallic element and that there .fore it maybe cold rolled as is required in order to reducethe thickness of the bimetal- 40 lic sheet to a suitably small value.
The range of composition of such an iron chromium alloy is about as follows:
. Per cent.
Chromium 15 -30 Manganese .l- 1
Carbon less than; .05
and the balance iron or steel and minor impurities. The temperature expansivity of such an iron-chromium alloy between they imits of substantially 0 C. and 700 C. is approximately 12X 10* units per unit lengtlr per degree centigrade.
The hereinbefore described metal element may be employed in connection'with an irreversible nickel-steel alloy, of which an alloy conltaining approximately 26% nickel is typ- 1ca However, I have found that molybdenum may be employed as the co-operating metal element as it has a temperature expansivity of substantially 5. 1 10* units per unit length per degree centigrade over substantially the same temperature range as hereinbefore stated for the iron-chrominum alloy.
I have found that the two metal elements may be heated, heat treated and rolled as is required in the manufacture of the ordinary bimetallic thermostatic members without either or both of the metallicelements developing cold brittleness, both remaining ductile after'the necessary heating. This characteristic of, the electrolytic iron and chromium alloy to retain its ductility is of great value where it is desired to employ a bimetallic thermostat over a relatively wide range of temperature, such as in included,
between the limits of 0 C. and substantially 700 C.
In the drawing, the numeral 11 indicates one metal element of a bimetallic thermostat that is composed of electrolytic iron and pure chromium and the numeral 12 indicates the cooperating metal element thereof that consists of molybdenum. Any suitable or desired method of effecting a close and intimate union between the two metal ele ments over their entire abutting faces may be employed in a manner well known in the art.
Since various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, I desire that only such limitations shall be placed thereon as are imposed by the prior art.
I claim as my invention:
1. A heatd'esponsive device comprising two metallic elements, one of said elements being an alloy of electrolytic iron and chromium haivng a relatively high temperature coefiicient of expansion and the other of said elements being a metal having a relatively low temperature coefiicient of expansion.
2. A heat-responsive device comprising a.
plurality of metallic elements, one of said elements being an alloy of electrolytic iron and chromium with a greater percentage of iron than of chromium, the other of said ele- 5 ments being molybdenum.
3. A'heat-responsive device comprising a plurality of metallic elements, one of said elements being molybdenum, and the other of said elements being an alloy of electrolytic iron and chrominum. 10
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 9th day of March, 1925.
PORTER H. BRACE.
US14971A 1925-03-12 1925-03-12 Thermostatic material Expired - Lifetime US1660911A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2461518A (en) * 1944-03-29 1949-02-15 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting thermostat metal

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2461518A (en) * 1944-03-29 1949-02-15 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting thermostat metal

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