US1650951A - Thermostatic material - Google Patents

Thermostatic material Download PDF

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Publication number
US1650951A
US1650951A US16341A US1634125A US1650951A US 1650951 A US1650951 A US 1650951A US 16341 A US16341 A US 16341A US 1634125 A US1634125 A US 1634125A US 1650951 A US1650951 A US 1650951A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
elements
alloy
copper
temperature
chromium steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US16341A
Inventor
Howard D Matthews
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Priority to US16341A priority Critical patent/US1650951A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1650951A publication Critical patent/US1650951A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
    • G01K5/48—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid
    • G01K5/56—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid
    • G01K5/62—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid the solid body being formed of compounded strips or plates, e.g. bimetallic strip
    • G01K5/64—Details of the compounds system
    • G01K5/66—Selection of composition of the components of the system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H2037/526—Materials for bimetals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/125—Deflectable by temperature change [e.g., thermostat element]
    • Y10T428/12514—One component Cu-based

Definitions

  • My invention relates to temperature controlled devices and particularly to thermostatic material and bimetallic thermostats.
  • One object of my invention is to provide a bimetallic. thermostat, the elements of which shall have different temperature coeflicients and that shall be composed ofmaterial capable of being subjected to relatively high temperatures without substantial change of structure after repeated operations thereof.
  • I provide a bimetallic thermostatic element comprising two metallic elements, one of said elements being a chromium steel.
  • thermostatic member comprising two metal elements, one of these being a chromium steel,-and used in connection with a copper-nickel alloy, generally known as Monel metal, will function properly at very much higher temperatures than has been heretofore thought possible.
  • the curve 11 shows the temperature coefiicients of expansion of a copper-nickel alloy, comprising substantially two-thirds copper and one-third nickel and generally known as Monel metal, between the temperature range of zero to 550 C. While the curve is illustrated as being substantially a straight line, values may vary slightly therefrom, but the curve shows substantially correct values.
  • the second member of such bimetallic heat-responsive device is a chromium steel comprising substantially 10 to 15% of chromium with admixtures of phosphorus, silicon, manganese, carbon and sulphur, the latter being present in relatively small amounts only.
  • Curve 12 illustrates the temperature coefficients of expansion of such chromium steel alloy up totemperatures of about 550 C. and it may be noted that the difference between the respective temperature coefficients of expansion varies but little over the entire range of temperature.
  • Such a chromium steel is not areversible alloy but the transformation points thereof occur at temperatures. above 750 C. In some samples that have been tested, these transformation points occur at about 850 C. to 950 C.
  • a bimetallic heatresponsive device built according tomy invention be used at temperatures well below by welding or riveting, and any suitable or desired construction is within the scope of my invention, which comprises more particularly the use of a chromium steel alloy having an appreciable admixture of chromium whose transformation points occur above a temperature of 750 C.'
  • a heat responsive device consisting of two metallic elements, one of said elements being an irreversible chromium steel alloy, and the other element being an alloy of copper and nickel.
  • a heat responsive device consisting of two metallic elements, one of said elements being an irreversible chromium steel alloy, whose transformation points occur at temperatures above 750" 1., an l the other vln ment being a copper nick l alloy cnntnlning n01 over 67% 0F TOPPQI.
  • a heat responsive derive consisting of lWO metallic elements, one of said element; being steel containing 1101 over 15% of chromium. and the. other of mid elements being a copper nickel n l y m'ntnining nnl rm 67f; of Copper.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Description

@ Nov. 29, 1927. 1,650,951
x r H. D. MATTHEWS THERMOS TATI 0 MATERIAL Filed March 18, 1925 Thermal expansion coefficient I I l l l I I 0 I00 200 500 400 500 600 700 Temperarure in degrees Cenrigrade Patented Nov. 29, 1927.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
HOWARD D. MATTHEWS, 0F EDGEWOOD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC &; MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL- VANIA.
THERMOSTATIC MATERIAL.
Application filed March 18, 1925. Serial No. 16,341.
My invention relates to temperature controlled devices and particularly to thermostatic material and bimetallic thermostats.
One object of my invention is to provide a bimetallic. thermostat, the elements of which shall have different temperature coeflicients and that shall be composed ofmaterial capable of being subjected to relatively high temperatures without substantial change of structure after repeated operations thereof.
In practicing my invention, I provide a bimetallic thermostatic element comprising two metallic elements, one of said elements being a chromium steel.
The single figure of the accompanying drawing illustrates two curves showing the relative temperature coefiicients of expansion of two metals employed in practicing my invention.
The use of two more or less closely united strips of metal to form a bimetallic thermostatic member that is responsive to heat has long been known. Iron and brass have usually been employed for such purposes and will function properly if the temperatures to which they are subjected do not exceed a relatively limited value. However, when it is desired to operate at relatively high temperatures, such as from 200 to 500 or 600 C. the above named metals rapidly lose their original elasticity and the device fails to function properly.
I have found that a thermostatic member comprising two metal elements, one of these being a chromium steel,-and used in connection with a copper-nickel alloy, generally known as Monel metal, will function properly at very much higher temperatures than has been heretofore thought possible.
The curve 11 shows the temperature coefiicients of expansion of a copper-nickel alloy, comprising substantially two-thirds copper and one-third nickel and generally known as Monel metal, between the temperature range of zero to 550 C. While the curve is illustrated as being substantially a straight line, values may vary slightly therefrom, but the curve shows substantially correct values.
The second member of such bimetallic heat-responsive device is a chromium steel comprising substantially 10 to 15% of chromium with admixtures of phosphorus, silicon, manganese, carbon and sulphur, the latter being present in relatively small amounts only. Curve 12 illustrates the temperature coefficients of expansion of such chromium steel alloy up totemperatures of about 550 C. and it may be noted that the difference between the respective temperature coefficients of expansion varies but little over the entire range of temperature. Such a chromium steel is not areversible alloy but the transformation points thereof occur at temperatures. above 750 C. In some samples that have been tested, these transformation points occur at about 850 C. to 950 C. Hence, it is necessary that a bimetallic heatresponsive device built according tomy invention, be used at temperatures well below by welding or riveting, and any suitable or desired construction is within the scope of my invention, which comprises more particularly the use of a chromium steel alloy having an appreciable admixture of chromium whose transformation points occur above a temperature of 750 C.'
Various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and I desire therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereon as are imposed by the prior art.
I claim as my invention:
1. A heat responsive device consisting of two metallic elements, one of said elements being an irreversible chromium steel alloy, and the other element being an alloy of copper and nickel.
2. A heat responsive device consisting of two metallic elements, one of said elements being an irreversible chromium steel alloy, whose transformation points occur at temperatures above 750" 1., an l the other vln ment being a copper nick l alloy cnntnlning n01 over 67% 0F TOPPQI.
3. A heat responsive derive consisting of lWO metallic elements, one of said element; being steel containing 1101 over 15% of chromium. and the. other of mid elements being a copper nickel n l y m'ntnining nnl rm 67f; of Copper.
testimony when-01'. l haw: hereunln 10 '"rllwrl my lmme this ll (lay uf Man-l1,
IlUWAlll) l). MA'TTHPIWS.
US16341A 1925-03-18 1925-03-18 Thermostatic material Expired - Lifetime US1650951A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2482899A (en) * 1941-06-23 1949-09-27 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting composite metal
US2482900A (en) * 1941-06-23 1949-09-27 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting composite metal
US2482898A (en) * 1941-06-23 1949-09-27 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting composite metal
US2482897A (en) * 1941-06-23 1949-09-27 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting composite metal
US2486366A (en) * 1948-02-14 1949-10-25 Casco Products Corp Cigar lighter
US4735868A (en) * 1986-05-27 1988-04-05 Olin Corporation Composites having improved resistance to stress relaxation

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2482899A (en) * 1941-06-23 1949-09-27 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting composite metal
US2482900A (en) * 1941-06-23 1949-09-27 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting composite metal
US2482898A (en) * 1941-06-23 1949-09-27 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting composite metal
US2482897A (en) * 1941-06-23 1949-09-27 Metals & Controls Corp Corrosion-resisting composite metal
US2486366A (en) * 1948-02-14 1949-10-25 Casco Products Corp Cigar lighter
US4735868A (en) * 1986-05-27 1988-04-05 Olin Corporation Composites having improved resistance to stress relaxation

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