US1658831A

US1658831A - H beam

Info

Publication number: US1658831A
Application number: US523763A
Authority: US
Inventors: George H Blakeley
Original assignee: Bethlehem Steel Corp
Current assignee: Bethlehem Steel Corp
Priority date: 1921-12-20
Filing date: 1921-12-20
Publication date: 1928-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 1945-02-14

Description

Patented Fell. 14, 1928.

UNITED Is'rarns PATENT OFFICE.

STEEL COMPANY, OF BETHLEHEM, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPOR mmm. V

ION OF PENNSYL- Application filed December 20, 1921. Serial No. 523,763.

The present invention relates to H-beams and more particularly to a series of vsuch beams of greater dimensions than heretofore manufactured.

The largest H-heams produced prior to the present invention had a height of a little less than 17 and a breadth of a little less than 15; the breadth being measured parallel with the flanges and the' height parallel with the web. The present invention comprehends a series of H-beams, each of which has both a lgreater height and` width than the present beams. In other words. the beams of the series have a greater height than 17 and a breadth of more than 15".

The objects and features et' novelty will be apparent from the description taken in. connection with the drawings, in which Figures 1 to 3 inclusive illustrate a series 20 of 4irl-beams in cross-section, embodying the present invention.

Referring to the drawings it will be noted that the smallest beam of the series, that is the beam illustratedin Fig. 1 has a height of more than 17 and a breadth of more than 15". As shown the height is 18 and the breadth 18; The thickness of the web w is .93 and the thickness of the flanges f is 1.50. The length of each of the flangesis 8.53.

The beam shown in Fig. 2 is somewhat heavier. Thus the height is 19 and the breadth 18.53. The thickness of the web w is 1.46 and the thickness o the flanges f is 2.28. It will be noted that the flanges are a5 8.53 long, that is they are the same length as the beam of Fig. 1.v

Fig. 3 shows the heaviest beam of the series which has a height of 20.50 and a breadth 0f 19.07. The thickness of the web w2 is u 2.00 and the thickness of thesflanges f2 is 3.03. The length of the flange is the same as in the other members of the series, that is, 8.53.

Heretofore in a series of H-beams as rolled by standard mills, the height has remained constant and variation in weight obtained by adjusting the rolls to and from each other. Because of the requirements of manufacture therefore, in the heavier beams of a series.` a

relatively greater amount of weight is added to the webs than to the flanges. For the mostef'rlcient disposition of the metal, the flanges of the heavier beams should increase in weight at least in the same proportion as the web. This desirable result is obtained in the seriesI of the present invention by rolling the beams in a Grey or Universal mill. This type of mill has both horizontal and vertical rolls. the horizontal rolls forming theweb and the vertical rolls engaging the outside of the flangesof the beams being rolled. With this type of mill it is possible to produce a series of beams, in which, when comparing one beam with another the increase in the weight ot the flanges is in the sameproportion as the increase in the weight of the web.

l `nrthermore, in the larger sized H-beams as heretofore rolled, there has been a relalively large number of defective beams produced. because of buckling and distortion of the flanges and webs. It the flanges, for example. in the rolling, are elongated' more than the web,'distortion and buckling occur, especially when both the flanges and web have "relatively great dimensions. Obviousl it is much easier to cause buckling and distortion in H-beams having long flanges and high Webs than in such beams having these parts of small dimensions. Because of the relatively high percentage of defective beams that occurs when the webs and flanges are of relatively great dimension, about the limit that it has been possible to manufacture heretofore is an H-beam having a height of a little less than 17 and a breadth of a little less than 15".

I have discovered however that it is possible to obtain larger H-beams and have no greater percentage of defective ones than with the small size beams. It is absolutely necessary however, in order to obtain these large beams, that the ratio ot flange area to web area be maintained substantially constant in the several passes of they beam through the mill, and equal to the value of this ratio in the finished beam. This condition, it will be noted, is fulfilled in the present series. Thus the area of a pair o't oppositely projeetingjlanges of the beam shown in Fig. l is 27 square inches. The area of the web is 13.95 square inches. Hence the value of the ratio flange area to web area 1s 1.93.

In a similar manner the area of a pair of oppositely project-ing flanges ofthe beam shown in Fig. 2 is 42.25 square inches. The

lll() 30 single mill. Thus, the same is formed into a is 28.88 square inches.

. flange legs 5 of a large beam of the series.

area of the web is 21.08 square inches. The value of the ratio flange area to web area is therefore 2.00. .l

In the beam illustrated in Fig. 34 the area 5 of a pair of opposxtely projecting flanges is The area of the web Hence, the ratio flange area to web area'is 2.01).

It is seen 'therefore'that 'n each of the 57.78 square inches.

area to webarea is practlcally constant and iu this particular instancehas a value of from 1.93 to 2.00. While there is a slight variation in the ratio of the flange area to web area it is apparent that the differences are practically negligible, being such as would be unavoidable in any practical rolling.

-Another feature of the present invention resides in the fact that t-he lengths of the ange legs in each beam of the series are the same. That is to say, the length of the of the smallest beam of a series 1s the same as the length of the flange legs In this partlcular- .example thelength of each flange le is 8.53. t is to be understood that a series of ams such as disclosed herein is rolled by a starting with the ingot, bloomer blooming mill. 'Ilhen this bloomer isl rebeams of the present series the ratio flangein the duced by being passed several times through each of the stands of the mill. If a satisfactory beam is obtained when the blank has been reduced to the dimensions of Fi 3, for instance, then no further reduction 1s necessary. On the other hand, if the blank at this sta e would not make a satisfactory beam of t e series, it is further reduced until another beam of the series is obtained. In other words, the beams of the present series correspond with the blank at different stages in its reduction in 'the mill. Y

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure v-by Letters vPatent is:

l. As a new article of manufacture a solidrolled H-beam substantially free from distortion not less than 17 inches in height, having a width not less than 15 inches, and in which the ratio of the area of the ange portion to the area of the web portion is not less than 1.93.

2. As anew article of manufacture a solid .rolled H-beam, substantially free from distortion, notless than 17 inches in height, having a width substantially in excess of 15 inches, the ratio of the area of the flange ortion to the area ofthe web portion not eing less than 1.93.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

GEORGE H; BLAKELEY.