US1640418A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

E. MARR Aug. 3U 1927.

OIL BURNER Filed Oct. 26, 1925 PATENT oFFicE. l

EARL man, or MINNEAPOLIS,

MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO MARR OIL HEAT MACHINE CORPORATION, F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, A COBYORATION.

OIL BURNER.

Application led October 26, 1925. Serial No. 64,741.

My invention relates to that type of oil burner wherein the oil is Adelivered to a rotaryatomizing cup and is thereby atomized and, under the action of centrifugal force, is thrown outward through a surrounding blast of air, and the fiame that takes place by combustion outward of the cup is given a substantially disc-like, form. The invention is directed to highly important features, whereby the efficiency ot' burners of the above general type is very greatly 1n creased and certain hitherto troublesome actions are eliminated.

Generally stated, the .invention consists of the novel devices, combinations of devices and arrangement of parts hereinafter described 'and defined in the claims'.

A commercial form ot' burner embodying the several features o'l' my invention 1s Y boiler,

illustrated in thel accompanying drawings,-

wherein like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings: y

Fig. 1 is a Vertical axial section of the burner, some parts being broken away and some parts being shown in full; i

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2e-2 of Fig. 1; and

Fi'g. 3 is an elevation showing in detail the atom'izing cup with -fan blades applied thereto. i

The burner illustrated is arranged .to be placed inside of a furnace, either a steam hot water heater or hot air heater, with the atomizing cup arranged to deliver above the plane where the grate is usually found. The grate, however, will usually be removed and an approximately horizontal partition placed around the upper portion of the burner so that air will be caused to pass through the interior of the burner, all as will presently be described, but, in some instances, the grate surrounding the burner will simply be covered to prevent the 'free passage of air upward therethrough. In the burner shown, the base member ol bottom support is in the form oit a casting Il arranged to be vertically adjusted by an upright screw 5 applied to a t'oot bearing 6. rlhis base casting l will be located in what is usually designated as the ashpit, quite close to the fleor, and it may be extended outward through the ash door and the propelling motor, not shown, located outaide of the :t'iirnace but suitably connected to the running parts of the burner. Rigidly secured on the top ol' the inner end of theA base casting 4 is an upright housing 7 on which, in turn, is rigidly secured an upstanding hollow pedestal 8. The `housing 7 is shown as provided with an upwardly and outwardly extended flange that affords a drip pan 9 surrounding the base pedestal 8. Located above the pedestal '8, is a positin concentric to the axis thereof, is a tubu-v le r casing 10 of very much greater diameter than the pedestal 8, but preferably of slightly less diameter than the drip pan 9. This casing 10, as shown, is provided with an outstanding flange 11 that is telescoped around the downturncd flange of an annular bottom plate 12 having an upstanding and outwardly ilaring flange 13. The plate 12 and its flange 13 are covered with highly refractory inaterial, such as fire clay 14. This just described arrangement of said parts 12, 13 and 11i' is a preferred but not an absolutly essential feature, but in such preferred arrangement, the flange 11 is foruied with perl'orations 15 that are 0n a radial line slightly inward ofthe outer portion ot thc drip 9, so that any unconsumed oil that may, under any abnormal conditions, bc delivered onto the facing 14, will be caused to run into said drip pan. Said drip pan, as shown, is provided with a discharge pipe 16 that will lead outward to a suitable` point ot discharge or to a suitable Catch receptacle located outside ot' the iturnacc.

`he housing 7 on .its bottom plate is formed with an axial hub 17 that isconneeted by an oil supply conduit 18 to an oil supply pipe 19 that leads to a suitable source ol oil or fluid' fuel supply, not shown, but which source of supply may be a powerdriven pump, an elevated tank or a tank under pressure.

The numeral 2() indicates a vertical oil delivery pipe or tubular standard rigidly secured at its lower cud to the hub 17, as shown, by threaded engagement, and arranged to ref ceive oil from tlu` conduit 18. 'In the con slruction here illustrated and for the purpose of assembly ojt' the parts,the tubular standard 2O is in two sections connected by a threaded joint at 21. At its upper end, the upper section ol the tubular standard 2O has au enlarged head shown as integrally :formed therewith, and this head is provided with an oil discharge conduit 2S that ati extends radially outward and then vertically downward. Vlhe head 22 is in the form of an inverted cylindrical cup, the head of which unites with the upper end of the tubular stem 20 and the cylindrical flangeof which is spaced considerably outward from the upper portion of lsaid standard, so .as to leave a space for the reduced upper end of a rotary sleeve 24. 'lhis sleeve 24 surrounds the non-rotary tubular standard 20 and is free therefrom except atits lower end, where it is journaled directly on the lower 'portion of said standard and is provided is rigidly secured to the sleeve 24 and is lo` cated only a shortdistance below the cylindricalange of the non-rotary head 22. A deep approximately cylindrical cap 28 quite closely surrounds the cylindrical flange of the head 22 and is secured to the bottom of the atomizing cup `27, preferably by threaded engagement at 29. This cap 28, on

, the line of the bottornof the cup`v27, is providedv with a plurality of circumferentially spaced oil discharge ports or erforations 30.

'lhe said parts arranged wit inthe atomiz ing cup, as just described, perform highly important functions which will be stated in the description of the operation.

0n the exterior of its upper portion, the atomizing cup 27 is provided withcircumferentially spaced blades 3l that constitute a centrifugal air blower. i

'lhe numeral 32 indicates a supplemental casing or case section, which, as shown, is

telescoped into the casing l0 and is made vertically adjustable by oblique cam slots 33 -formeel therein and engaged by studs 34..

projected inward from the casing 10. The

numeral 85 indicates a finger piece appliedv to the supplemental casing 22 forthe purose of oscillating the same to accomplish its vertical adjustments. The supplemental case section 32 is lformed with closely adjacent circumferentially spaced vertical `slots 2a and intervening portions 32", on the upperends of which latter is supported a de- Hecting ring or annular'plate '33. This defleeting ring quite closely `but freelyj 'surjroundsthe fiange 27@L of the atomizinp;` exija 27 .and is given a downward and 'utward curve or inclination. w

lt 4will-now be recalled .that the tubular y standard or uprightoil supply pipe 2O and its head 22 are non-rotary whilerthe sleeve 24e, atomzing cup 27 and cap 28 are arranged to rotate as a unit. To impart rotary readers movementsV to said rotary parts at high speed, l have shown a driving shaft 35,

which, at its inner end, is journaledin a suitable bearing 36 on the housing 7 and is provided with a Worm 37, (indicatedonly by dotted lines in Fig. l), which engages the worm gear 25 on the lower end of the sleeve- When the device is .in operation, theatomizing cup 27,icap 28 and sleeve 24 will, as indicated, be rotated at high speed and the oi'l or fluid will be delivered upward through the tubular standard 20- and downward through the conduits 23 of the head 22 to the bottom of the rotary atomizing cup at. a Apoint inside of the rotary cap 28. The oil thus delivered will, by centrifugal force, be thrown outward through the ports 30 and will bedelivered against the lower portion of the wall of the atomizing cup. Under high rotation, the oil will be spread out in a very thin film on the interior of the cup and will be'worked toward the fianged upper end of the cup. When this film reaches the flanged upper end 27 of the cupit will be in a very attenuated condition and, hence,-

-will be discharged from the flange of the cup in the form of a very light vapor that will take approximately disc-like form. The action of thef'an blades 31 vunder high rotation .io'ftlieg cup'is to produce an outward blast of air,.some of which will be discharged through the disc-like spray of oil vapor-adjacent to the outer edge of the cup flange 27a, but a portion of which willbe commingled with the spray outward of the deflecting ring 33. The amount' of air. that will be delivered to the vapor spray closely adjacent to the flange of the cup and the amount that will be delivered to the vapor outward of the delecting ring may be varied by vertical adjustments of said deiecting ring.

With a burner set in any particular furnace,there is one adjustment that will produce the best results and when this adjustment is once attained, the supplemental casing 32 and the deflecting ring 33 should be .fixed in such adjustment. Hence, it will be vice thereby eliminated. Fig. 1 shows the deflecting ring 33 in its. uppermost adjusti ment, and it will be understood that it will usually. be set lower down thanthere shown.

ward is-'more'e'venly distributed at all points i f eireum'ferentiall aroundtheburnerj 'Further consi ering the action of the head y 22fand cap 23, it may be stated that, with [said parts removed or eliminated, oil delivered from the tubular standard will, on first striking the` walls of the atomizng cup, be

moreor less splashed backward onto' the tubular standard and, by capillary traction and 'by gravity, will be caused to follow said i standard backward and downward through the bearin s, Vso that the :tuel'oil will get commingle -with and dilute the lubricating oil used in the bearings.- Vith the arrangementr'described, however, any splashing that 'takes pla'ee'from the cup will be against the of the cap,isuch carbon may be readily removed by the insertion of a suitable tool or sera er, While the cupanil cap are being rotate and such too or scraper will then scrape and completely clean not only `the inner surface of the cup but the outer surface of 'the cap.

From what'has been said, it will be understood that the ,commercial device shown is capable of very considerable modification Within the scope of the invention herein de. scribed and claimed.

What I claim is:

l1 ;In a' centrifugal oil burner, the combination with an upright non-r0taryA oil deliverypipe provided with distributing 4head having a downturned' oil delivery conduit oii'set from the axis thereof so as to deliver the oil radially outward of said oil deaic a;

Vlivery ipe, a rotary sleeve journaled around said oi delivery pipe, an open deep atomizing cup secured to said sleeve for rotation therewith, and-an inverted cu -shaped cap enclosing said distributing hea and secured at its lower portion to the bottom of said cup for rotation therewith around said cup, said around said oil delivery pipe with its upper end extended between the upper portion of said pipe and its depending delivery conduit, a deep open atomizing cup secured to said sleeve for rotation therewith, and an invertedl cup-shaped cap enclosing the upper end ot said sleeve and the downturned head of said oil delivery pipe, said cap being secured to the bottom of said cup but spaced from the walls thereof and having circumierentially spaced oil delivery ports for the discharge of the oil to the lower portion of said atomizing cup.

3. The structure defined in claim 2 .in which said atomizing cup and Said cap have' approximately cylindrical walls.

4. The structure defined in claim in which said atomizing cup and said cap have approximately cylindrical walls, and in which the head of said oil delivery pipe is approximately c lindrical and lies close to the exterior of t ie upper end of said sleeve and to the interior of said cap.

:In testimony whereof I allix my signature.

EARL MARR.

Images