US1158058A

US1158058A - Centrifugal burner.

Info

Publication number: US1158058A
Application number: US82667814A
Authority: US
Inventors: Joseph H King
Original assignee: AMERICAN STANDARD OIL BURNER CO
Current assignee: AMERICAN STANDARD OIL BURNER CO
Priority date: 1914-03-23
Filing date: 1914-03-23
Publication date: 1915-10-26
Anticipated expiration: 1932-10-26

Description

y 1. H. KING. CENTFIIFUGAL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23.19I4.

lil l Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

VII

WITNESSES:

IN VENTOR J. H. KING.

CENTRIFUGAL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAK. 23. I9I4.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

JOSEPH H. KING, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO AMERICAN STANDARD OIL BURNER C0., 0F OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, A `COBfIO-IIll-L- TION OF CALIFORNIA.

CENTRIFUGAL BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

Application led March 23, 1914. Serial No. 826,678.

'0a.kland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Centrlfugal Burners, of which the following is a specification.`

This invention relates to improvements in centrifugal oil burners.

' The main object of the present invention is to construct a burner of the character described, provided with an open cup centrifugal atomizer, which may be so positioned within the furnace that all parts of the interior of the centrifugal atomizing cup are readily and easily accessible for cleaning, as experience in actual use has proven, that sand, lumps of asphaltum and other impurities contained in the fuel oil, adhere to the inner surface of the atomizing cup and unless removed, the centrifugal atomizing cup fails to perform its function and the burner is rendered less efficient.

Another object of this invention is to provide an opencup centrifugal atomizer which may be so positioned within the furnace, that the interior of the cup will be exposed, both to the radiated and reflected heat, so that the cold fuel oil when introduced at the deepest part of the centrifugal atomizer'cup shall spread out and entirely cover all of the. exposed surface, the oil being preheated by the radiated and reflected heat to the point Where it flashes and burns immediately upon leaving the discharged lip of the centrifugal atomizer. The oil eectually covers, insulates and protects all exposed parts by absorbing the radiated and reflected heat as the film of oil thins out over the inner surface in its progress from the lower and cool area, to the upper and hotter disvcharged end of the centrifugal cup.

Another object of this invention is to provide free and unobstructed circulation of the hot furnace gases in the interior ofthe cup as experience has shown, that these gases are acted upon by centrifugal force and discharged With the heated oil into the fire area, where they assist in the complete combustion of the finely atomized oil.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel means for inducingthe air used in connection with the burner, and to regulate the volume and velocity of same.

. A further object of the invention is to provide a burner which shall possess superlor advantages in point of accessibility, durability and general efficiency.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combination of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a central, vertical section. F 1g. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line X-X, Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates'a suitably shaped base casting, and 2 an upper casing section which is rigid with base A, being connected thereto by an intermediate casing section 3. Suitably secured in the bottom portion of the intermediate casing as at 4 is an upwardly extending shaft or standard 5, about which is revolubly mounted a sleeve 6, upon the upper end of which 1s secured an open cup centrifugal atomizer 7 to which oil is delivered through standard 5 and a stationary distributing cap 8 9 indicates a fan which' is secured as at 10 to the under portion of the centrifugal atomizer. The fan consists of a circumferential series of outwardly extending blades operating in an annular air duct 11, which latter is formed between the upper cylindrical casing section 2 and the centrifugal atomizer. AirL is admitted through a circumferential series of air inlets 12, formed in casing 2 below the fan, is then driven up through the air duct 11, and discharged through an annular outlet 13 formed between the upper discharge flange 14C. of the atomizer and an adjustable collar 15 secured on the upper end of the casing 2. The adjustable collar is provided for the purpose of increasingor decreasing the area of the annular outlet 13, or in other words, to regulate the volume and'velocity of the air discharging from the burner into the furnace. This adjustment is secured by raising or loweringthe'collar With relation to the upper flange of the atomizer, and the position of same is controlled by adjusting screws, indicated at 16.

rlhe centrifugal atomizer, together with the connected sleeve 6 is journaled in antifriction bearing 17, and supported against end thrust by a second anti-friction bearing, indicated at 18, and rotary motion is transmitted to same in any suitable manner, or as here shown, through a pair of intermeshing bevel gears 19 and 20, gear 19 being secured to the sleeve, while the other gear is secured to shaft 21 to which power may be tra-nsmitted through an electric motor or any other suitable means not here shown.

In operation it is common practice to install a burner of this type'in such a position, that the upper portion of the burner Will project into the center of the furnace a suitable distance above the fire brick covered grate-bars, indicated by dotted lines at 22, Fig. 1. When it is desired to start a fire Within the furnace, it is first accomplished .I

by starting the motor or other means through which shaft 21 is driven. Power is then transmitted through the gears and sleeve with connected centrifugal atomizer and fan. The moment the desired speed is obtained it is neXt necessary to turn on the fuel oil which is admitted through pipe 24:

and a duct 25 which connects with the lower end of the hollow standard. The oil rising through the hollow standard is then admitted to the centrifugal atomizer, being first distributed by the stationary cap, indicated at 8. The oil is 'here evenly dis` tributed and permitted to flow into the bottom of the atomizer which when'revolving at a high speed causes the oil to pass rapidly up the Wall ofthe cup oriatomizer in the form of a thin ilm. The inner surface of' the atomizer. 'constructed as here shown is exposed to the radiated and reflected heat in the furnace. The thin film of oil passing up the wall of the cup is thus thoroughly heated, and is finally discharged over the edge of the cup into the furnace proper, having in its passage through the cup 4obtained the proper heat to immediately burst into flame when leaving the cup. The constant flowing film of oil passing upwardly over the wall of the cu'p or atomizer acts as' an insulation for the cup and revents this from becoming overheated. arbonization Within the cup or atomizer is thus prevented. The upwardly flowing current of air discharging through the annular discharge opening 13, passing over the exterior surface of the cup protects the cup from heat at this point and th cup, together with that portion of the casing which projects into the interior of the furnace will at the same time act as a heater which gives the air the desired temperature before finally entering the furnace. v f`\ The present constructionv has many advantages over similar burners heretofore constructed. First of all, the open cup lconstruction eliminates the use of preliminary oil heaters,'forthe simple reason that the oil inpassing through the atomizer obtains the desired temperature by the reflected heat towhich it is exposed before discharging from the periphery of same; second, the air entering the furnace not only assists in retaining the wall of the cup at the proper temperature, and the surrounding casing, but it also becomes heated to the proper temperature, thus materially assisting eflicient combustion within the furnace; third, the combined action of the oil and air passing through and around the cup acts as an insulation, which protects the cup with the connected mechanism from becoming overheated or injured `,by the heat of the furnace, and fourth, the elimination of any covering above the mouth of the centrifugal atomizer permits a free and unobstructed circulation of the hot furnace gases in the interior of the cup. Experience'has shown that the centrifugal action of the cup causes the hot furnace gases to be drawn down through the center and discharge over the periphery with the heated oil into the fire area. The hot gases thus circulated first assist in heating the oil within the interior of the cup, and linally aid combustion in the fire zone. Another great advantage secured by the present construction is the facility and ease by which the cup or atomizer may be cleaned. The only portion of the burner which may possibly become coated with sulfur or carbon is the interior surface of the atomizer; the open construction of same permits the insertion of a steel brush, or the like, at any time, which Will immediately clean and remove from the surface any objectionable adhering matter; that is, it is not necessary to wait until the furnace has cooled down, for the simple reason that no parts have to be removed to gain admission to the cup. The adjustable collar, together with the horizontally positioned fan permits the volume and velocity of air to be regulated for various conditions and sizes of furnaces, and the velocity of air may be increased by raising the collar through means 0f adjusting the screw 16. This also serves to reduce the volume if necessary. It can thus kbe seen that the flame area may be easily concentrated or spread by adjusting the area of the annular air discharge opening. The oil introduced into this burner is cold and is superheated by the reflected heat to which it is exposed whlle passing through the atomizer. The temperature of the oil should be about the iashingppoint when discharging over the edge of the atomizer, andtime period in a deep cup than in a shallow 13o parts of the apparatus are such as the eX- perience and judgment of the manufacturer may dictate.

Having thus describe-d my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at its upper end, an open enlarged cup shaped centrifugal atomizer journaled in the casing, said atomizer having its open end projecting through the upper end of the casing, and means for introducing oil'into the lower end of the atomizer.

2. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at its upper end, an open outwardly flaring enlarged cup shaped centrifugal atomizer journaled in the casing, said atomizer having its open end projecting through the upper end of the casing and spaced from same, means for introducing oil through the lower end of the atomizer, and means for inducing an air current through the casing between the atomizer and casing.

3. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at its upper end, an open cup' centrifugal atomizer journaled in the casing, said atomizer having itsY open end projecting through the upper end of the casing and spaced from same, means for introducing oil through the lower end of the atomizer, means for inducing an Yair current through the casing between the atomiZer and the casing, and means forrcontrolling the volume and velocity of the air.

'-l. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at its upper end, an open cup centrifugal atomizer journaled in the casing, saidatomizer having its open end projecting through the upper end of the casing and spaced from same, means for ilk' troducing oil through'the lower end of the atomizer, means for inducing an air current through the casing between the atomizer and the casing, means for controlling the volume and velocity of the air, and a collar on the upper end of the casing adapted to be raised or lowered with relation to the atomizer.

5. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at its upper end, an oildelivering hollow standard, centrally disposed and secured within the casing, Aa sleeve revolubly mounted on Said standard', an open cup centrifugal atomizer secured t0 the sleeve and projecting through the upper i atomlzer forming an annular discharge for the air conduit, and means for adjusting the position of the collar to increase or decrease the area of the annular discharge opening.

6. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at its upper end, an oil-delivering hollow standard centrally disposed and secured within the casing, -a sleeve revolubly mounted on said standard, an open cup centrifugal atomizer secured to the sleeve and projecting through the upper end of the casing, said atomizer and casing inclosing an air conduit, a stationary oil-distributing cap secured to the upper end of the standard Within-the atomizer, and means for forcing an air current upward through the conduit.

7. In a centrifugal burner, the ,combination of a casing open at its upper end, an oil-delivering .hollow standard centrally disposed and secured within the casing, a sleeve revolubly mounted on said standard, an open cup centrifugal atomizer secured to the sleeve and projecting through the upper end of the casing, said atomizer and casing inclosing an air conduit, a stationary oildistributing cap secured to the upper end of the standard within the atomizer, a fan secured to the lower end of the atomizer, and a collar mounted on the upper end of the casing, said collar in conjunction with the atomizer forming an annular discharge opening for the air conduit.

8. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at its upper end, an oil-delivering hollow standard centrally disposed and secured within the casing, a sleeve revolubly mounted 0n said standard, an open 4cup centrifugal atomizer secured to the sleeve and projecting through the upper end of the casing, said' atomizer and casing inclosing an air conduit, a stationary oil-distributing cap secured to the upper end of the standard within theatornizer, a fan secured to the lower end of the atomizer, a collar mounted on the upper end of the casing, said collar in conjunction with the atomizer forming an annular discharge opening for the .air conduit, and adjusting screws on the collar to adjust it vertically with relation to the atomizer.

9. The combination in a centrifugal oil burner,of a casing open at its upper end, a vertically disposed tubular shaft journaled in the case, an open top cup fixed on the shaft constituting a centrifugal atomizer, said cup having an outwardly extending flanged lip overhanging the upper end of the casing and/fofming therebetween an air outlet,

an oill pipe extending through the hollow creating an air current through said air shaft and discharging into the bottom of the outlet, an oil pipe extending through the cup, and means for revolving the cup. hollow shaft and discharging into the bot- 10. The combination in a centrifugal oil tom of the cup, and means for revolving the 5 burner, yof a casing open at its upper end, cup.

a vertically disposed tubular shaft journaled In testimony whereof I have hereunto set in the case, an open top cup 'xed on the my hand in the presence of two subscribing shaft constituting a centrifugal atomzer, witnesses.

said cup havin `an outwardly extending JSElri H. KING. 10 flanged lip over anging theupper end of Vitnesses:

' the casing and forming therebetween an air W. W. HEALEY,

outlet, air induction means on the cup for' M. KANDE'RER.