US1640346A - Fire box for steam generators - Google Patents

Description

- v 1,640,346 1927' s. A. BRYAN FIRE BOX FOR STEAM GENERATORS Filed June 8 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l O O O M I NV EN TOR.

ATTORNEYS.

Aug. 30, 1927.

G. A. BRYAN FIRE BOX FOR STEAM GENERATORS Filed June 8. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 QV IIAIIM' WIIIMIIIIIIIII INi ENTOR.

BY I

' ATTORNEYS.

Patented Aug. 30, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

eEoRGE ALERED BRYAN, oE rERn, INDIANA, AssIeNoR To BRYAN EARVESTER co!- EANY, A CORPORATION on NEW MEXICO.

EIRE FBOX EoR STEAM GENERATORS.

Application flied an a,

My invention relates to steam generating devices and particularly to small units burn-' ing liquid fuel and adaptable for use on .self

' fpropelled vehicles .such as tractors, trucks,

5 automobiles and the, like. More especially .my invention relates to the fireboxesor furnaces of such devices.

- liquid fuel firing systems commonly used with small boilers, the burners are directly under the boiler and. the comparatively cold boiler walls and tubes form the major porition of nace.

the combustion chamber of the fur- The resultis inefliciency and incomplete combustion. As the combustible mixture contacts with the cold surfaces oxidation is retarded or stopped and large depositsof carbon on the tubes result.

In accordance with my invention the fuel is completely consumed before any of .the gases of combustion reach the boiler. The furnace is arrangedexteriorly of the boiler liOtISlIl" and communicates with the same at' or near the bottom which is preferably inclined upwardly from 'the communicating opening to cause an equal distribution of the. gases over the tubes'of the boiler. I The furnace is preferably vertical and is of the proper height and shape to give the bestrate of combustion. The height depends upon the pressure at which the fuel is delivered but is properly proportioned to cause all of the fuel to be consumed within thecombus-tionchama her and before the gases reach the boiler.

Surmounting the combustion chamber in the pr eferred form is a mixing chamber through the top of which enters the spray nozzle at this atomized fuel. I My invention also for the fuel, andthe air is furnished point and thorou-ghlymixed with the the operation. The height and diameter of contemplates various other features of construction and arrangements and combinations, of parts as will hereinafter more fully appear.

I sha The boiler 1 may be of any suitable type, .but for the purpose of illustration I have this boiler has an open bottom and the gases is inclined upwardly for a portion of its 1921. Serial N0. 475,989.

point out my invention in claims; Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a complete unit embodying my invention. I V I Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the fire box. 1

Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the same. Fig. '4 is a horizontal section of thesame on line-4 -4 of Figure .3." I i j v Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional detail of a fragmentof a side wall. i

shown a water tube boiler of the 'consjtruction disclosed in my co -pending application Serial No. 339,945., which became Patent No. 1,497,973, June 17, 1924. The housing'for from the furnace or fire box are delivered to this open bottom. j i

The fire box is of the down draft type, and comprises an upright combustion chamber 2 above which is the mixing chamber 3. The mixing chamber is shown as round in cross section, and the combustionchamber flares outwardly in its transverse dimension toward the bottom, where itis ofoblong shape 7 to make proper connection with the boiler.

' The combustion chamber is entirely unobstructed and has at its bottom in the side next the boiler, an opening or passageway 4 for the hot gases of combustion; The bottom of the combustion chamber has an extension 5 underneath the boiler which completes the housing for the boiler. "This bottom 5 length to effect an even distribution of the gases over the tubes of the boiler.

JThe fuel is injected into the top of the mixing chamber in theform of a fine spray and is there mixed with air, the combustible mixture being ignited at the initiation of the combustion chamber are determined b the pressure at whichthe fuel is delivere and are in every instance such that the fuel is completely burned by the time the gases U reach the passage 4.

against the inner The walls of the combustion chamber of the fire box are constructed of an outer thin ly projecting prongs or lugs which are struck up from the material of the bands.

, These prongs serve as holding means for the fire clay, which may be applied in a green state and afterwards burned into a high grade fire brick. These prongs also serve to reinforce the material 8 and enable itto withstand the vibrations to which the vehicle will be subjected. V I

Sui-mounting the combustion chamber and forming the mixing chamber .2 is'a dome,,10 of sheet metal, the lower edge of which is secured in any suitable manner to the top of the walls of the combustion cham ,ber. A suitable spray nozzle 11 for the fuel Y enters the closed top of this dome 10, being supported in place by a lug 12 on top of the dome. Surrounding the inner end of the I nozzle 11 is a conical baffle or shield 13 for the atomized fuel which extends down substantially to the bottom of the mixing chamber and iscut out at its two sides as shown. The air is delivered by a fan 14 against the face of this baflie 13 intermediate the cut-out portions. The initial lighting of the combustible mixture may beclone in any suitable way, as by a pilot light ora'match, or, as in the illustrated construction, by a spark plug 15. The details-of this atomizmg and mixing construction form the sub ect matter of, my co-pending application Serial Number 478,682, filed June 18, 1921,

a (Patent No. 1, 5262,26 1, dated July 17, 1923). The walls of the combustion chamber become thoroughly heated in a short time after i the burner. is started and these Walls will retain their heat for a considerable period mixture. off e ther manually or'rautomatlcally when of time and serve to ignite the combustible The fuel may therefore be shut the requisite steam pressure is obtained and again turned on as the pressure beginsto ual heat in the walls of the fire box.

fall, the -mixture being ignited by the resid-' Any jsuitable automatic control system for the fuel pump and fan may be employed, for nstance, that illustrated in my prior Patent git-1,316,680, dated September 28, 1919.

It will be noted that the furnace is so constructed that it has no arches or overhanging walls of refractory material commonly found in this type of furnace. The delivery of the fuel through a nozzle in the top of the mixing chamber is a feature of safety in that any drippin from the nozzle after the fuel is turned off falls to the bottom of the furnace where it is instantly? flashed into a gas by the hot wall or is subsequently burned when the burner is again ignited When the furnace is properly handled all danger from explosions due to gas or oil coming in contact with surfaces that cool them to such an extent that they cannot be burned, is eliminated. I Tests have shown that any grade of liquid fuel may be burned in my furnace, from a very low grade distillate to. the higher grades of kerosene or motor fuel.

It is obvlous that various modificat ons may be made'in the constructionshown inthe drawings and above particularly described, within the principle and scope of.

my invention.

I claim:

1; In combination with a steamgenerator including a boiler anda housing'therefor, a fire box exterior of the housing and communicating therewith and having a Com bllStlOIl chamber comprising a sheet metal outer casing, heat insulating material lining the sheet metal casing,fand refractory material covering the heat insulating material and applied in a continuous layer while in a plastic condition. g

2. In combination with a steam generator including a boiler. and a housing therefor, a fire box exterior of the housing and communicating therewith and having a combustion chamber comprising a sheet metal outer casing, heat insulating material lining the sheet metal casing, bands of sheet material having inwardly projecting prongs or lugs and disposed against the heat insulating material, and secured thereto by devices passin throughv the heat insulating material. and th t;

metal casing, and a layer of refractory materlal coverlng the heat lnsulating materlal and secured and reinforced by the prongsor lugs on the bands.

3.1n combination with a steam generator including a boiler and a housing therefor, a fire box exterior of the housing ,and communicating therewith and having a combustion chamber comprising a sheet metal outer casing, heat insulating material lining the sheet metal casing, bands of sheet material 'having inwardly projectingfprongs'or lugs and disposed against the heat insulating material and secured thereto by devices passlng through the heat insulating material and the metal casing, a layer of refractory .material covering the heat insulating material and secured and reinforced by the prongs or lugs on the hands; a mixing chamber surmounting the combustion chamber,

and means for delivering atomized liquid fuel and an oxidizing fluid to the mixing chamber.

4. In combination with a steam generator including a boiler and a housing one end of which has near its bottom an opening for the admission of gases, and the bottom of which is inclined upwardly from said opening, a fire box comprising a vertical combustion chamber communicating at its bot- 10 tom directly with the said opening in the housing, a mixing chamber surmounting the combustion chamber, and atomizing mechanism for liquid fuel in said mixing chamber.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe 1 my signature.

GEORGE ALFRED BRYAN.

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