US1630051A - Electric lamp - Google Patents

Description

` l 630,051 M 241927 L.. J. BuTToLPH ELECTRIC LAMP Filed April 12. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 /NVEN'TOR H15 A UUR/vf Ys Mt! 24 1927' 1 J. BuTTOl-PH ELECTRIC LAMP Filed April l2. 1922 2 Sheets-Shut 2 IN1/EN TOR Patented May 24, 1927.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

LEROY J. IBUTTOLPIEI,` QF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB TO COOPEE-HEWITT ELECTRIC COMPANY, F HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY, .A CORPCBATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

. f Appimmon mea April 12, 1922. Y semi No. 551,768.

The resent invention relates to an electric lig t radiating apparatus useful in the arts generally and particularly in the therapeutic art where diseases are treated by 6 means of radiations from a light source giving oi' ultra violet rays and has for its object to provide such an apparatus which can be manipulated readily by hand by the operator.

I have discovered, when operating a quartz lamp having a solid anode and a liq-y uid cathode therein and an arc path of one or two inches on commercial circuits that it is impossible to maintain sucha small sized lamp in efticientoperation on commercial circuits without the use of external heat radiating devices. Accordingly, in my new apparatus, I surround the lamp and particularly the electrode portions of the container of such a lam with cooling devices or chambers operatlng to maintam the temperature of the radiant current stream between thel electrodes at the desired operating temperature for giving the maximum amount of light, in those cases where illumination is desired and the maximum quantity of ultra violet radiations in those cases where such radiations are desired.

By availing of the cooperating" action of the cooling jackets for the luminous column, and jackets for the terminals or electrode portions of the lamp, I am enabled to make efficient devices of large and small sizes and the invention lends itself particularly to the production of a small hand lamp for use as a therapeutic lamp or a bulls eye lamp, al-

though it is to be understood that my in.-`

vention is not limited to small sized outfits. By the use of extensinsof the coolin jacket in contact with or in the neighborhoo of the terminals of the'lamp the regulation of the volt-ampere characteristic of the device is secured in the most eiiicient manner and by virtue of this particular construction,

the lead-in devices common to the end portions or terminals of these tubes is protected from the disintegrating eii'ects of radiant energy and from corrosive vapors or gases developed in that portion of the outlit adyacent to the luminous tube.

I have illustrated my inventlon in the ac` companying drawings in which Figure 1 is a vertical section taken along the line 1-1 arrows of my artificially cooled hand lamp 55 showing the external cooling medium applied directly to the portions of the lamp tube containmg the electrodes; Fi re 2 is a plan view along the line 2, 2 of igure 1; Figure 3 is a vertical section taken along the line 3-.3 of Fig. 4 and looking in the direction of the arrows of my artificially cooled lamp showing the artificial cooling medium applied to the electrodes and also extending along the light radiant portion of the lamp and in close roximity thereto; and Fi re 4 is a plan view along the line 4, 4 of i re 3.

Re erring to the drawings, 1 is a mercury vapor lamp having a solid anode shown at 2 and a negative electrode of mercury shown at 3, the usual lead in devices for the electrodes being shown at 4 and 5, respectively. The lamp, 1, is surrounded by a cooling jacket or container, 6, provided withl an extension chamber, 7, the inner walls of which are in contact with the wall of the container, 1, in the neighborhood of the anode, 2, or in close proximity thereto, and an extension chamber, 8, the walls of which are in contact with4 the walls of the lamp, 1, in the neighborhood ofthe electrode 3, or in close proximity thereto, the chambers 7 `and 8 communicating with each other through an opening in the lens mounting mechanism presently to be described, and lnlet and outlet ipes for a suitable circulating cooling me ium, such as water, being shown at 9 and 10, the last named pipes passing through a handle, 11, of hard rubber or `other suitable material.

The lamp, 1, is connected to a suitable source of current through the conductors 12 and 13, said conductors being passed through the wall of the jacket, 6, and insulated therefrom, if desired, the conductor, 12, being connected to the lead wire, 4, of the c. electrode 2 and the conductor, 13, being passed down through the chambers 7 and 8 and insulated therefrom by bushings, 26, 26, and connected to the lead wire, 5, of the electrode 3. The portion of the lead 13 joined to the lead device 5 may be strong enough mechanically to hold the lamp in place or a spring 14 may be provided for cushioning and supporting the lamp in the jacket. At the top spring clips 15-15 are provided for of Fig. 2 and looking in the direction of the holding the lamp in place at that point. The

the lenses.,

Referring to Figure 3, the construction,

generally, is similar to that described in connection with Figure 1` except that the water jacket constituted by the jacket 6, the pipe and the passage 19 through the lens mount 'and connecting the chambers 7 and 8, is extended entirely around the lamp as shown at. 20 and brought into close proximity to the luminous portion of the lam tube, 1, between the extensions 7 and 8, an a fiat spring, 21, is shown for cushioning the lamp 1.

In Figure 4, an alternative lens mounting is employed in which the lens 16 is held in place by a screw ringx 18,' compressing the lens 16 against a was er of rubber, 22, and the outer lens 17 is held in place by a screw cap, 23, compressing the lens 17 against a washer 24 of rubber in contact with an extension 25' of the jacket 6, the usual hole 19 for circulation of the cooling fluid between lenses being present in this construction also.

If desired, the pipe 10 in Figure 2 may be continued through the extension 8 to a oint where it discharges in the neighboriiood of the lenses 16 and 17, as shown in Figure 3, to insure that these devices shall Je properly cooled in the operation of the devices.

In the operation of the device, the circlating medium is started and Hows from inlet 10 through extension 8 up through the holes 19 in the lens mounting into the extension 7 and around the lamp to the outlet pipe 9 and back to the source. With the c'ooliner Huid in circulation, the lamp l is starte into operation by tilting the ouiit so that the mercury of the electrode 3 bridges the gap beween the electrodes 2 and 3 and then brakes the connection thus established whereupon the arc is formed between the electrodes just mentioned. At the instant of starting because of the low temperature in the lamp the voltage drop across it is low and is oontrolled by the stabilizing resistance in the auxiliaries usual to such lamps and not here shown. This initial current is necessarily high and the mercury electrode 3 heats up rapidly raising the vapor pressure of the mercury in the lamp and at the same time raising the arc voltage. This process continues until such time as the heat energy in the lamp establishes equilibrium with the cooling members about the electrode portions. This equilibrium tem erature is determined by the relative areas ofJ the extensions of the jacket 6 and the electrode portions of the lamp that are in close proximity. It is thus obvious that the volt-ampere characteristic is controlled by this control of heat equilibrium at the point of greatest sensitivity since the volt-ampere characteristic of the burner it,- self is dependent primarily on the pressure of the mercury vapor in the gas or are space. It follows from the foregoing then that the operation of the outfit for any given set of conditions may be controlled and varied by' varying the cooling effect of the circulating medium or through varying the electrical regulating devices in the auxiliary mechanism of the lamp, but it is preferred for any given setting of the lamp and its control mechanism to vary the volt-ampere characteristic of the lamp by varying the rate of cooling as set forth above. The above is true not only of the small lam s illustrated herein but applies equally well fbr the larger sizes of quartz lamps now on the market.

The radiations to be utilized either 'in therapy or in general illumination pass through the lenses 16 and 17 with the water between them which serves to cool the lenses and to take outlthe radiant energy which the cooling medium may absorb, although it will be understood that the heat rays ma also be utilized for useful purposes in which7 case the cooling medium must be selected that is transparent to the said rays. Thisl latter of course is a matter of design and selection well within the ken of those skilled in the art.

The outfit may be hung on a suitable standard with a swivel connection thereto and manipulated with the assistance of the handle 11. vThe lamp 1 is provided with certain structural features which are important in the operation of the lamp generally whether forming part of the cooled outfit or burning independently of such outfit in. the usual way. The container is contracted as shown at 27 in the neighborhood of the level of the liquid constituting the electrode 3, and serves to localize the cathode spot when the lamp is operating and that part of the lead wire 5 which is inside the container is brought up near the surface of the liquid electrode 3 and is of spiral form. This construction insures that the lead wire 5 is always in contact with the material of the electrode 3, and particularly in the starting up of the apparatus when it is tilted to stream the mercury to the anode 2, when the mercury is partially emptied out of the pocket at the lower end of the lamp.

The tungsten anode 2 in the lamp 1 may be a plate or a spiral, and in either event it is provided with a projection, 28, which serves to hold the are at this point of the electrode 2 and prevent the wandering of the arc spot over the surface of the anode 2.

The top, 29, and the bottom, 30. of the jacket 6 are removable, and when the lamp outt is assembled, the lamp 1 is inserted through the bottom until the top thereof comes in contact with the clips 15-15 whereupon thel spring clip, 31, is fastened to the outer end of the lead wire 4 and the part of the lead 13 connected to the lead 5 is joined to the main lead 13 as shown at 32. The cover 29 is then put on lthe top and the bottom part 30 with the spring 14 or the spring 21 is put in place to close off the bottom of the jacket 6.

I claim as my invention:

1. A'lamp outlit comprising a double wall jacket, a lamp in said jacket, annular extensions' of said jacket in proximity to the terminal portions of said lam and means for circulating a cooling me ium through v lamp, and means for circulating a cooling medium through the jacket for abstracting heat from said terminal portions.

4. In a lamp outfit, a double wall jacket, a lamp, annular extensions of said jacket in proximity to the terminal portions of the lamp, and means for circulating a cooling medium through the jacket for controlling the volt-ampere characteristic of the lamp.

5. A lamp outfit comprising a double wall jacket, a lamp mounted therein, an annular extension of said jacket in proximity to one terminal of said lamp, an extension of said jacket in proximity to another terminal of said lamp, a connection between said extensions and connections between'said extensions and the circulating cooling medium.

6. A lamp outfit comprising a lamp having an anode, a liquid cathode, a lead wire in the liquid and extending around the con-v tainer and in close proximity thereto, a jacket surrounding the lamp, extensions of said jacket in proximity to the terminal portions of said lamp, and means for circulating a cooling fluid through the extensions.

7. A therapeutic lamp structure comprising a casing; a pair of spaced apart register- Cfl ing window lenses closing an opening in the casing; a lamp in the casing; a water circulat-ing pipe formed to partly enclose the lamp to carry the heat away from the lamp, said pipe connected to the space between the windows.

8. A water cooled lamp comprising an outer casing; a shorter inner casing spaced apart from the outer casing leaving a water circulating space therebetween and leaving air chambers in the outer casing between the ends of the respective casings; a lamp extending thru the inner casing with its terminals in the respective air chambers to connect the lamp in circuit.

'9. A water cooled lamp comprising an outer casing having a light window; a shorter inner casing having a registering light window spaced away from the outer window, said inner casing' spaced away from the outer casing leaving a water' circulating space therebetween and between the windows and leaving air chambersin the outer casing between the ends of the respective casings; a lamp extending thru the inner casing with its terminals in the respective air chambers, whereby .to connect the lamp in circuit.A

10. A lamp of the character described comY prising an outer casing; an inner casing spaced away from the outer Casin to provide a water circulating space an leaving .-4

air chambers in the ends of the outer casing and yieldlng means in the respective air chambers to support the lamp to protect it from vertical and lateral vibrations.

11. A lamp of the character described.

comprising an outer casing; an inner casing spaced away from the outer casing to provide a water circulating space and leaving air chambers in the ends of the outer casing; yielding means in the respective air ychambers to support the lamp to protect it l 4from vibrations and yielding electrical ter- -minals in said air chambers to connect the lamp in circuit.

12.4 A lamp of the character described comprising anv outer casing; an inner casing spaced away from the outer casing to provide a water circulating space and leaving ist air chambers in the ends of the outer cas l ing; a handle secured to one side of the outer casing; electric conductors passing thru` the handle terminating in the respective air chambers; a lamp extendingthru the inner casing and having an electric terminal at each of its endsfor cooperation with the respective terminals in said air chambers.

13. A lamp of the charactendescribed comprising an outer casing; an inner casing spaced away from the outer casing to provide water circulating spaces and leaving air chambers in the ends of the outer casing; a handle secured to one side of the outer casing; electric conductors passing through the handle terminating in the respective air chambers; a tube extending between the air chambers and thru the water space. thru which one of said conductors pass to the lower air chamber; a lamp extending thru the inner casing and having electric terminals at each of its ends for cooperation with the terminals in said air chambers.

14. A lamp of the character described comprising two spaced apart casings, an inner casing to contain a lamp, an outer casing to support the llamp and inner casing, said lill liars casings having spaced apart windows; a. transverse wall at each end and an intermediate water distributing wall arranged to cause water to flow between said windows.

15. A lump of the character described comprising an outer casing; an inner casing spaced away from the outer casing to provide u water circulating space between the casngs; a Window lens in each casing be- 10v tween which water circulates, said inner casing formed into a. reflector in rear of said windows; a handle secured to one side of the outer casing and conduits passing thru the handle communicating with the chamber between the casings.

Signed at Hoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, this 4th day of April, A. D. 1922. Y

LEROY J. 'BUTTOLPIL

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