US1612212A - Method of making fireproof and esthetic acoustic btjildina material - Google Patents
Method of making fireproof and esthetic acoustic btjildina material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1612212A US1612212A US1612212DA US1612212A US 1612212 A US1612212 A US 1612212A US 1612212D A US1612212D A US 1612212DA US 1612212 A US1612212 A US 1612212A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- scoria
- screen
- acoustic
- fragments
- panel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 241000876852 Scorias Species 0.000 description 128
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000282619 Hylobates lar Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005332 obsidian Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Gold(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Au+] FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Silver chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940035295 Ting Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017423 hawthorn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004301 light adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011776 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000120 polyethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005335 volcanic glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
- B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
- B29C65/364—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a woven or non-woven fabric or being a mesh
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
- E04F2290/041—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise
- E04F2290/042—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise with a facing or top layer for sound insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
- Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
- Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component
- Y10T428/24339—Keyed
- Y10T428/24347—From both sides
Definitions
- the scoria interposed between such sheet and image is made to settle so as to leave room for the introduction through the perforations or mesh of the screen 50f scoria particles 2 having a mesh a trifle smaller than the mesh of the plate or screen 5.
- crushed carborundum or nuggets of other suitable material, such as copper, may be fused to the panel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Description
Dec. 28 1926. 1,612,212
F. PEANO METHOD OF MAKING FIREPROOF AND AESTHETIC ACOUSTIC BUILDING MATERIAL AND ARTICLE MADE THEREBY Filed March 2, 1925 j/WENTUR FELIX PEA/V0 w efiiiw W 71? 1 W Patented Dec. 28, 1926.
. TA-TES FELIX PEANO, 0F HAWTHORNE, CALIFORNIA.
METHOD OF MAKING FIREPROOF AND ESTHETIC ACOUSTIC BUILDING MATERIAL AND ARTICLE MADE THEREBY.
A porous volcanic rockknown as scoria or volcanic glass is found in nature, but many times it is not found in the proper shape or size, nor is it sufiiciently accessible to be commercially valuable and furthermore the supply is limited.
An object of this invention is to artifically produce a porous rock known as scoria.
Another object is to provide means to form the scoria into large slabs or panels.
A still further object is to provide means to decoratively improve the scoria.
A feature of the invention is to provide large sheets or panels of scoria for use as acoustic or heat screens.
Other features are cheapness, ease and simplicity in manufacture.
An object is to make sculptured embellishments used for interiors of an acoustic nature.
Other objects, advantages and features of invention may appear from the accompanying drawing, the subjoined detailed description and the appended claims.
In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated several adaptations of my method of making novel acoustic and aesthetic screens.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a table used for making a thin fireproof and acoustic screen. A portion of the ingredients used for making the screen are on the table and a fragment of the screen is broken away to expose the ingredients underneath.
Fig. 2 is a section on line M, Fig. 1', showing the ingredients on both sides of th screen.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a fireproof screen having a. sculptured surface.
Fig. 4 is a section on line :0", Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a plan View of a scoria slab or screen decorated by application of colors.
Fig. 6 is a section on line :12, Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view analogous to Fig. 6, showing a-section through a reinforced screen.
The table 1 is formed of a heat resisting material such as metal, fire brick, etc., and is of sufiicient size to form a panel of scoria of a practical size. The table 1 has side walls 1' and preferably fire bricks a are supported on the table surface. The side walls retain the layer of scoria fragments 2 that are spread over the table to a suitable depth, and the screen 3 is then spread over this layer and secured tliereto either by a suit able cement or glue, without the addition of heat, or by heating with. the addition of a flux, such as borax, sub-nitrate of bismuth, or any other of the ingredients in the manufacture of lass.
When the screen is secured by a cement or glue the screen is preferably immersed y in a bath of the desired cement and then such screen is laid upon the scoria on the table or the scoria is placed upon the screen so that the adhesive cement will secure the contacting particles of scoria to the screen.
When the screen is secured to the scoria by heat and fluxes I use a scoria that has first been screened to a mesh approximately 10% smaller than the mesh of the screen to be used as a reinforcement. I then push or work the screen into such layer of scoria particles 2 so that a particle of scoria protrudes through each mesh of the wire screen 3. I then mix pulverized scoria and a suitable flux together and sift the same evenly over the whole surface. I then 'vitrify the scoria. particles to the screen, giving me a product similar to that shown in cross section in Fig. 7
A decorative sculpture 4 as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, may be obtained by first providing a perforated metallic plate or screen 5 that has been stamped or formed from a thin sheet or screen into the desired image and then filling the back or concave part 6 with crushed scoria of a lar 'er mesh than the perforations in the metal ic image.
I then place a fireproof sheet over the filled-up aperture and invert the image, sheet and scoria therein, supporting such sheet upon asurface.
The scoria interposed between such sheet and image is made to settle so as to leave room for the introduction through the perforations or mesh of the screen 50f scoria particles 2 having a mesh a trifle smaller than the mesh of the plate or screen 5.
Such particles are secured to the screen 5 by either cement or a suitable flux and vitrification, and the crushed scoria of lar er mesh than the perforations serves as a fi er and does not appreciably adhere'to the metallic plate 5.
I have discovered that the scoria may be artificially prepared, and in my method of making artificial scoria I prefer to use obsidian, but any rock containing a volatile substance therein may be used.
The obsidian or other suitable rock is subjected to a heat of about 3500 F. more or less, which expels the sulphur, carbon, or other undesired volatile materials, leaving a light porous silicious substance commonly known as scoria. Any rock requiring a much greater heat than 8500 F. to volatilize the undesired portions therein would not be de sirable due to the increased cost of treatment.
However, it may be that the required temperature will vary and in some instances be lower or higher than 3500 F. In treating the rock, I use a kiln fed by the cheapest combustible obtainable, which will give the desired heat of approximately 3500 F and I then place the rock in such kiln and bring the temperature thereof to the desired point, and thereby volatilize the undesired portions and obtain the desired sponge like silicious structure of the rock freed of'the undesired parts.
The required spongy substance or scoriamay be readily cut into any desired shape by a suitable metallic instrument, such as a saw.
For use as a screen thin slabs or panels 7 may be cut from the large mass of scoria obtained from the kiln.
The natural or artificial scoria contains about 90% of silica; aluminum, lime, sulphate, and other substances about 10%. It will Withstand a compression pressure of about 200 pounds per square inch.
As both the natural and artificial scoria is grey in color, which possibly would not blend well with a color scheme in exposed places such as walls, screens, etc., I have discovered a novel method of decorating and embellishing such scoria. For this purpose, after the panels are cut, I color the exposed surface thereof with any desired color, as follows: a metal or a metallic salt is spread over the surface of the panel and by appl ing a flame the vapors of ,the salt or t e metal are fused into the softened scoria, thus obtaining a colored effect. For example, a zinc salt will give a white color; silver chloride a greenish white; gold chloride either purple or gold.
For further decorative effects crushed carborundum or nuggets of other suitable material, such as copper, may be fused to the panel.
The various small fragments of artificial scoria may also be utilized and formed into panels as hereinbefore set forth.
The scoria particles may or ma not be stained prior to application to reinforcing screen or to the sculptured surface.
From the foregoing it will be apparent that I have produced a panel that has an acoustically porous body.
As a further artistic composition of matter I mold of reinforced plaster of Paris,
Portland cement, or magnesite, a sculpture having the desired outline and while the plaster is still plastic I press into the exposed surface particles of scoria, which are secured thereto when the plaster sets. This scoria may then be Vitrified or otherwise decorated as above setforth without damage to the plaster.
The sculpture may also be made solely of plaster of Paris and provided with a scratched surface and after the same has set, I may decorate the surface thereof by. fastening scoria to such surface with the aid of any suitable binder and I then vitrify or otherwise decorate such scoria.
I claim:
1. The method of forming a panel of building material comprising placing a metal screen on a layer of scoria fragments, and then securing such fragments to said screen by vitrification.
2. The method of forming a panel of building material comprising first placing a metal screen upon scoria fragments, of a mesh smaller than the mesh of said screen, and then applyin heat of a temperature lower than the me ting point of said screen to bond the scoria to the screen.
3. The process of forming a panel of buildingmaterial comprising placing a uniform layer of scoria fragments upon a fireproof table, then placing a perforated screen on said scoria, then working said screen intosaid scoria sov that particles of said scoria protrude through the perforations of said screen, then sifting scoria particles and a flux over said screen, and then securing said scoria to said screen by vitrification.
4. The process of forming a panel of building material comprising supporting a layer of scoria fragments on a surface; then placing a perforated screen on said fragments. then covering said screen with flux treated scoria, then heating the scoria to bond said scoria to said screen by vitrification; and then vitrifying to the surface of the resulting panel an iridescent color.
5. A panel consisting of a layer of scoria fragments, a binder, and a metal screen to which said scoria is secured.
6. The process of forming a panel, which consists in placing a layer of uniform sized scoria fragments on a fireproof table, said fragments being smaller than the mesh of a screen placed thereupon, placing a layer of powdered scoria and binder over said screen and scoria layer, and heating the whole to bind the scoria to the screen by vitrification.
7. A decorative scoria panel comprising a perforated metallic plate formed with a sculpturally decorative surface, said panel being covered with scoria, and means to secure said scoria to said plate.
8. The method of forming a decorative ,scoria fragments to the front surfaceof said plate.
9. The method of forming a decorative 1 of a perforated metallic.
panel consistin plate-formed wlth a sculpturally decorated surface, placing scoria fragments over the back surface of said late, and securing scoria fragments to the ront surface of said plate, and entirely covering said front surface, the scoria fragments being of smaller mesh than the perforations in the plate.
10. An article ofmanufacture, comprising relatively thin anels of 'scoria, the surface thereof being ecorated by metallic particles'secured thereto.
11. The method ofmaking a building material panel comprising securing to a perforated metal screen, fragments of scoria.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 18th day of February, 1925.
FELIX PEANO.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US1612212A true US1612212A (en) | 1926-12-28 |
Family
ID=3411616
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1612212D Expired - Lifetime US1612212A (en) | Method of making fireproof and esthetic acoustic btjildina material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1612212A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3776365A (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1973-12-04 | Fluid Kinetics Corp | Fluid blow-off silencer |
-
0
- US US1612212D patent/US1612212A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3776365A (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1973-12-04 | Fluid Kinetics Corp | Fluid blow-off silencer |
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