US161029A - Improvement in lamp-wicks - Google Patents
Improvement in lamp-wicks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US161029A US161029A US161029DA US161029A US 161029 A US161029 A US 161029A US 161029D A US161029D A US 161029DA US 161029 A US161029 A US 161029A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wick
- lamp
- wicks
- improvement
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 240000005909 Phlomis lychnitis Species 0.000 title description 10
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 210000001736 Capillaries Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010060708 Induration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
Definitions
- NrrED STATES HALVOR HALVORSON i., NrrED STATES HALVOR HALVORSON, OF CAMBRIDGE, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES ALBERT SHAW, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
- I take the ordinary knit, braided, woven, or felted lamp- ⁇ Wicks of commerce, and immerse them in a bath or solution composed of one part of sulphuric acid and six parts of Water, letting them remain in the bath about three hours. I then remove them and allow them to partially dry, or the Water to evaporate, after Which they are immersed for about ten minutes in a solution or bath composed of one part of chlorate of potassa and ten parts of Water. After being removed from the potassa solution or neutralizing bath, the Wicks should then be rinsed or Washed in pure Water until thoroughly cleansed.
- the acid acts upon the substance of the Wick to soften or disintegrate it, rendering it pulpy and brittle.
- the chlorate of potassa 'neutralizes the acid, the chlorate being decomposed, resulting in sulphate of potash and free chloric acid, and the chloric acid, coming into contact With the organic substance of the Wick, is itself decomposed, and the Wick Oxidized and rendered still more brittle.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Gloves (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
Description
H. HALVORSUN. Lamp-Wick.
N0. l6l;029. axenredMarch23,|a75.
v Fig. v
TH E GRAPHIC C0. PHDTOrLITI'LSQ &4'| PARK PLAGE. N-Y.
i., NrrED STATES HALVOR HALVORSON, OF CAMBRIDGE, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES ALBERT SHAW, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
IMPROVEMENT Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 161,029, dated March 23, 1875; application led February 3, 1875.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HALvon HALvoRsoN, of Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Lamp Wicks, of which the following is a description sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable any person skilled in the art or science to Which my invention appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, in Which Figure 1 is a side elevation, A representing the body of the wick.
My invention relates more especially to that class of wicks Which are designed for use in lamps adapted for burning kerosene or the hydrocarbon oils; and consists in a Wick comn posed of cotton or similar flbrous material, and oxidized or treated with an acid or gas, as hereinafter fully set forth and claimed, the object being to increase its capillary action, and render it more easily eut or trimmed.
` It is Well known by all conversant with such matters that it is difficult to cut the ordinary woven, knit, felted, or braided Wicks used in .lamps for burning kerosene, in such a manner as to trim the lamp evenly and properly, especially While the Wick is in the tube, and after it becomes saturated With oil. It is also well known that When a Wick of this characteris Woven, knit, felted, or braided too closely, or When its strands contain too many short hirsute projections or loose bers, it will mat or indurate, having its capillary action so much reduced as to insufficiently supply the flame With oil.
My invention is designed to obviate these difficulties and objections; and to that end I subject the Wick to the action of acid or gas, or oxidize it by chemical action, rendering it more brittle or easily cut or trimmed than an ordinary Wick, and, by destroying the ne hirsute projections or loose fibers which clog up the ducts or pores, greatly increase its capillary properties, and prevent induration or hardening.
In carrying out my invention I take the ordinary knit, braided, woven, or felted lamp- `Wicks of commerce, and immerse them in a bath or solution composed of one part of sulphuric acid and six parts of Water, letting them remain in the bath about three hours. I then remove them and allow them to partially dry, or the Water to evaporate, after Which they are immersed for about ten minutes in a solution or bath composed of one part of chlorate of potassa and ten parts of Water. After being removed from the potassa solution or neutralizing bath, the Wicks should then be rinsed or Washed in pure Water until thoroughly cleansed.
The acid acts upon the substance of the Wick to soften or disintegrate it, rendering it pulpy and brittle. The chlorate of potassa 'neutralizes the acid, the chlorate being decomposed, resulting in sulphate of potash and free chloric acid, and the chloric acid, coming into contact With the organic substance of the Wick, is itself decomposed, and the Wick Oxidized and rendered still more brittle.
Nearly the same effects may be produced by continuing the use ofthe acid bath a greater length of time, and neutralizing With a solution of any of the soluble alkalies or their carbonates, soda being preferable on account of its low price and the extreme solubility of its sulphate. Or the oxidation of the Wick may be effected by submitting the same to the action of dry chlorine gas.
It Will be obvious to all conversant with such matters that in oxidizing the Wick a great variety of means may be employed of the same general nature, and with substantially the same results. I therefore do not conne myself to the special'method herein set forth, or to the formula given.
Patent of the United States, numbered 157,685, were granted to Charles Albert Shaw, as my assignee, for an improved lamp-wick, having some of the characteristics of the Wick produced by the foregoing process. I therefore do not herein claim anything shown or described in said Letters Patent, when in and of itself considered; but
What I claim is- As a new article of manufacture, a fibrous lamp-Wick, oxidized substantially as and for the purpose specified.
HALVOR HALVORSON.
Witnesses:
Guo. G. SHAW, H. E. MnrcALF.
on tue 15u11 dey ef Deeember, 1874, Letters l
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US161029A true US161029A (en) | 1875-03-23 |
Family
ID=2230438
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US161029D Expired - Lifetime US161029A (en) | Improvement in lamp-wicks |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US161029A (en) |
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0
- US US161029D patent/US161029A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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