US1601216A - Method of making a novel motor fuel - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 28, 1926.

F-lCE--' ERNST JOHANSEN', OF FALL RIVER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO NEW ENGLAND OIL REFINING COMPANY, OF FALL RIVER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD or MAKING A NOVEL Moron. FUEL.

No Drawing. Original application filed April 4, 1924; Serial No. 704,165. Divided and this application filed August 19, 1925.

The invention relates to a novel method of making a novel motor fuel.

It h'asbeen known for some time that certain organic metallic compounds, especiallyvlead compounds, when added to motor fuels, such ascertain commercial gasolines, render the vapors of the latter when mixed with air capable of much higher compression, than would otherwise be the case, before the mixture will detonate when ignited under pressure. In other words, by the use of gasoline thus treated, internal combustion motors can be run at a much higher compression than in the case of gasoline not so treated without the occurrence of the objectionable phenomenon known as knocking, thus greatly increasing the power and efliciency of the engine.

The lead compounds heretofore used for this purpose are organic lead compounds produced by special synthetic processes widely difiering from those employed in the refining of petroleum. The expense of producing these organic lead compounds is relatively high so that the price of the fuels to which these compounds have beenadded is considerably increased. 7

I have found that motor fuels containing organic metallic compounds may be'readily and cheaply produced by the direct action of certain metallic oxides or compounds upon certain petroleum products. In this way, the desirable metal compounds. are.

formed directly in the petroleum product or fuel and remain dissolved in the latter.

The costly separate production of expensive synthetic metal compounds and their addition to the motor fuel, such as gasoline, are thus avoided. I

In preparing my novel fuel I use the petroleum products knnown as'sour distillates, (see Das Erdol by Engler Hofer, 1911, vol. 3. page 871, foot note). obtained in the distillation of crude petroleum or intermediate petroleum products. These distillates are characterized by their ability to react with certain metallic compounds, for example certain metallic oxides, such as copper or lead oxides, or a solution of said oxides in an alkali solution, thereby forming metallic compounds that remain dissolved in the distillates. I expose these distillates to the action of said metallic com- Serial No. 51,255.

pounds or oxides, preferably using for this purpose either'lead oxide or alkali plumbite,

but do not limit myself to the use of these.

materials. A fraction of sour distillate,

having a boiling rangesuitable for motor fuel, is firstfreed from the elementary sulphur therein contained in any suitable manner, for instancev by redistillation, Previous to this or after, the distillate maybe treated with. a slight amount of sulphuric acid to improve the color and odor of the distillate, following this by washing with water. This however is optional. The product obtained by the redistillation is then agitated at ordinary temperature with lead oxide (litharge) either in dry form or dissolved in a solution of sodium or potassium hydroxide whereby a sodium or potassium plumbite is formed (alkali plumbite).' The color. of the distillate, which is generally water white, isby this treatment changed to. yellow If the dry -lead oxide is used, any excess of lead oxide is first'allowed to settle, where upon the liquid product becomes-perfectly clear and can be drawn ofi' ready for use.

If a solution of lead oxide in sodium or. potassium. hydroxide is used any excess thereof will separate andhavin been al lowed to settle may be drawnjo I preferably use from one to three pounds oflead oxide per forty-two gallon barrel of distillate.

The clear settled yellow productcontaining up to one gram of lead per liter, or even more, is permanent under ordinary condi-. tions, and can be used as amotor fuel for enginesworking with high compression. It can be used either pure or blended in' any suitable proportions with gasoline or other I motor fuels, such as benzol, alcohol or ether.

The novel motor fuel produced by the above method is believed to contain the lead in the form of addition compounds. The advantages of the novel fuel, besides those already mentioned, are low cost of production and simple manner of preparation, re-

- quiring no other apparatus or reagents than those universally used in the refining of petroleum products.

This application is a divisional a plica tion of my application Serial No.7 ,165,

filed April 4, 1924.

Claims.

1. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises treating sour distillates with a.metallic oxide capable of forming, with sour distillate components, c01np0un ds soluble in the fuel.

2. A process of making a lquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises treating sour distillates with lead oxide. 7

3. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises treating the sour distillates with a solution, in'an alkali hydroxide, of a compound of a metal capable of forming, with sour distillate components, compounds soluble in said fuel.

4. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which coinprises treating the sour distillates with a solution, in an alkali hydroxide, of the oxide of a metal capable of forming, with sour distillate components, compounds soluble in said fuel.

5. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises treating sour distillates with lead oxide in an alkali hydroxide solution.

6. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises treating the sour distillates with a solution, in sodium hydroxide, of the oxide of a metal capable of forming, with sour distillate components, compounds soluble in said fuel.

7. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises treating sour distillates with lead OX- ide in sodium hydroxide.

8. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises freeing sour distillates from any elementary sulphur contained therein, and treating the product with a metallic oxide capable of forming, with sour distillate components, compounds soluble in the fuel.

9. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises freeing sour distillates from any elementary sulphur contained therein, and treating the product with lead oxide.

10. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises freeing sour distillates from any elementary sulphur contained therein, and treating the product with a solution, in an alkali hydroxide, of the oxide of a. metal capable of forming, with sour distillate components, compounds soluble in said fuel.

1. A- process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which comprises freeing sour distillates from any elementary sulphur contained therein, and treating the product with a solution, in sodium hydroxide, of the oxide of a metal capable of forming, with sour distillate coni-' of lead oxide to forty-two gallons of said product.

11. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which coinprises freeing sour distillates from any clenientary sulphur they may contain; treating the product with an excess of lead oxide; and separating the excess of lead oxide from the product.

15. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which omprises freeing sour distillates from any elementary sulphur they may contain; treating the product with an excess of alkali metal plumbite; and separating the excess of alkali metal )lumbite from the product.

16. 2 process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which coniprises freeing sour distillates from any elementary sulphur they may contain and treating the product with sulphuric acid; treating the product with an excess of lead oxide; and separating the excess of lead oxide from the product.

17. A process of making a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines, which coinprises freeing sour distillates from any elementary sulphur they may contain and treating the product with sulphuric acid; treating the product with an excess of alkali metal plumbite; and separating the excess of alkali metal plumbite from the product.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ERNST J OHANSEN