US1592892A - Refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Description

July 20 1926.

c. L. M cuEN REFRIGERATING MACHINE Filed Nov. 1, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 20 ,'1926. 1,592,892

. c. M CUEN REFRIGERATING MACHINE Filed Nov. 1 1919 4 Sheets-Sh et 2 July 20 1926; 1,592,892

- C. L. M CUEN REFRIGERATING MACHINE Filed Nov. 1, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 211 L "J 2 .7 1 10 58 I. 1,. 1, Q Q '1 July 20 1926.

C. L. MQCUEN REFR-IGERATING MACHINE F iled Nov. 1, 1919 4 sneets-sht 4 I n; STATES PATENT OFFICE. canteen savages nvansron,-n.r.rnors swans, 3w mania Assrenunn'rs,

'ro nnnoo nrenrcomrrmrgor narrow, onion 'conronarron or DELAWARE.

" nnramanarrne can. I

. v -3 i'ibfiuationmea hummer-1,1919. semi ire/$35,031.

' I The invention relates to improvements in the available water supply is not pure and refrigerating apparatus, and particularly to injurious deposits or accumulations of for- ,refrigerating apparatusoi the compression eign materials may require frequent clean- I type,1and;while the. inventionisshown ap'- m t 6 plied to" refrigerating;apparatus of the comn the use'of refrigerants of a highly volapres'sion type 'commonly used by householdtile cha-racter as sulphur dioxide (S0,) it e'r's,- butchers, grocers, bake Yandjthe. like, I is highly important that the refrigerant be it will'be apparent that-tlifiinvention may in a permanently closed circulatory system be'applied'to'a'much wider'field and to cover and the invention providesa novel construc- 10 .pifa'ct ifca'llyall} conditions .where ,refrigerafition f'of condensing apparatus in Whichthe tionis desirable, due regard'being had by the ,water system including the cooling surfaces designeror adapteri of thegvariouspartsoiof the condensing coi s may be thoroughly v the mechanism of thefinventionto'meet the cleaned.without disturbing or opening the ,specificconditions' under which itis-desired circul atory.system for the refrigerant. 15 to use thesalme. v Other objects of the invention will appear Theprimary object; of'tl-i'einvention is to from the-following description which is digenerally improve the designfconstruction rected to the preferred embodiment of the and arrangement' ofthe variousfparts or invention depicted also in the drawings ,1 unitsmalgingup a refrigerating apparatus forming a part of the specification.

off'the compression type, and; in the embodiw. In the said drawings, Fig. 1 is a diagram- '2 ment of the invention herein shown and dematlc view of the apparatus with parts of .the described characten;

scribed, such apparatus is designed so. as the'impr'oved units 1; ereofshown in section I tobe of a compact-form that maybe conto disclose certaindetails'of construction. 'veniently attached to, and; supported: upon ,Fig. Q'fis an'enlarged sectional view taken" the casing and withintherefriglerating comjthrough the compression chamber and .80 partment of refrigerators of the described through-the condenser chamber with certain character andof a conventiona design; 7 parts of said chambersin section, and show- 7 It'is another object of the invention to. pro- -1ng also a mod1 fie(l form of the base of the vide an improved system for automaticelec condenser a I tric control of refrigerating apparatus of Flg. 3 1s, a hor1zontal.v 1ew partly in section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking down- It is atfurther object ofthe nvent on-t0: d ya I provide certain-improvements in the, esign Fig. 4) is a'detailed VIEW of the testcocks,

' and allocation. of th vari njtg f the, Fig. 5 a top :plan view of the water pressure 3 'machine,rendering the same more compact controlled-electric system. etc, and Fig. 6 a

and sig'htly in appearancelthan heretofore section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5. t a attained in machines of this. character. 'In the embodiment of the invention as The invention relates to a refrigerating illustrated in the drawings a base for sup- "machine of the water cooled'type, and it is porting the; compressor chamber and the 10 one of the objects'of the invention'to-lmusual electric motor" is shown, being desig- 96 prove the water circulatory system, the'same "nated bythe reference character a, b mdicat being under the control Of thGiIDQaII SI which ing the motor, and the wall of the compresoperates the compressor ordinarily used'ifor sor chamber being designated generally by compressing andcirculating the refrigerant,v the reference character 0. The base a may It is another' objectf of the invention'to an ordinary refrigerator 0 the household improve in a'refrigeratmg machine of the type. '10, is a continuation of the motor described character the construction and'am shaft, designed to drive a suitable rotary preferably sulphur dioxide, (S01). conveniently be mounted u on the topof rangement of the condensing and compresspump enclosed within a housing or casing j,

ing chambers and mechanism connected whichisdesigned preferably for detachable 1 i therewith, whereby the parts requiring ad connect-ioawith the wall of the compressor justment and cleaning are made-imisilyac chamber c passing-throughan opening pro cessible, and particularly withrespect to the" :vided thereinso, that the" operative portions water circulatory system whenitiisdesired ofthe pump me'chanismJWi-thin the casing t 55 to use the invention inlocalities in which will extend on the interior of the'compr s a sor casing as illustrated in Figs. '1, 2 and 3, whereby the same may be normally immersed in an oil bath as illustrated in Fig. 1, the top level of the oil being indicated by the reference character 12, and'may be controlled or determined by suitable try cocks or by plugs as indicated by reference characters 15 and 16 communicating with and closing the openings 13 and 14.

Upon the top wall of the compressor chamber 0, which wall consists of a specially formed closure plate indicated by the reference character 70, I mount a condenser chamber, the Walls of which are indicated by reference character (Z.

The machine of the type herein disclosed employs a refrigerating fluid contained in a closed circuit with which the pump casing y and the compressor casing 0 are connected in series, the pump discharging nto the compressor casing. The fluid which I prefor to use is sulphur dioxide (S0,).- 6 is refrigerator.

an expansion coil designed as commonwith this class of machines for insertion within the refrigerating chamber of a householders 1 indicates an expansion valveinterposed in the system'between the condenserchamber and the expansion coil. 9 designates a water cooled liquid refrigeratingfiuid reservoir or receiver for the liquefied refrigerant also interposedin the system between the compression chamber and the expansion valve Reference character h designates generally what I call a scale trap in the system, the same being in the return pipe and interposed between the expansion coil and the compressor. The pump j is preferably of the rotary type com rising two intermeshing gears having a iquid seal, one of which gears is directly connected with the shaft 10, such pump being preferably of the type fully described in prior patents, Reissue No. 14,112 of April 18, 1916 to Leonard et al., and 1,233,069 of July 10, 1917 v to G. I. Leonard. This pump is secured to the wall of the comressor c and completely submerged on the inside of the compressor casing below the oil level 12 as described, there being one or more inlet ports 17 through which the lubricating oil. or other suitable sealing fluid will enter the pump casing by suction created therein where in a well known manner it Wlll form a gas or liquid seal resulting in the formation of a vacuum'within the pump casing when the shaft 10 is operated to cause the separation of the intermeshing teeth of the gears. 18 is the inlet port (Fig. 3) for the refrigerant and connected therewith by a hand controlled valved connection 19 is the tubular passage pipe 20 completing the connection between the scale trap h and the pump, there being a check valve 21 interposed in this pipe to guard against back- Ward currents or flow of refrigerant from therein above the valve seat.

the pump toward the scale trap. 22 is a pressure gauge in pipe 20, the intake end of the latter being positioned near the bottom of the trap and being cut off from the intake part of the trap, which communicates through pipe 23 with expansion coil 6 through the vaporizer or slug tank m, by a screen 24 through which the refrigerant must pass and which screen will be of suitable construction to prevent the entry of any scale or foreignsolid particles into the pump mechanism.

The construction and mode of operation of the pump is such as to produce when in operation a vacuum in its suction chamber and at the same time to ex 1 the oil or sealing fluid therefrom throug the vertical tube 25 which has its outlet above the normal level of the sealing fluid in the pump chamber. 26 is a saucer-shaped plate or baflle mounted on the underside of the top wall 7; of the pump casing, being held in position by one or more screws 31 entering lugs 27 by which it is spaced from the lower surface of the top wall to permit of the refrigerant, when under compression within the pump chamber, to pass through the central opening therein in the manner indicated by the arrows, Fig. 1, and through the vertical central tube 28, the opening in plate being designated by reference character 29. Suitable connection between vertical tube 28 and the opening 29 may be made by screw threading the parts as indicated (Figs. 1 and 2) and the upper end of the tube 28 is screw threaded and takes the double clamping nut 30, which is utilized also to form a gas tight pipe connection with the fitting 32. The fitting 32 has a vertically extending portion having a hollow interior or passage .33 normally closed at its upper extremity by a needle valve 34. There is a laterally extending branch of the fitting 32 having a pas sage 34: therein serving as a header and which has a plurality of openings 35 with which the four coiled tubes 36 connect. The upper extremity of the fitting 32 is screw threaded and provided with a valve seatto accommodate the needle valve 34, which is screw threaded in the enlarged opening threaded upper end of fitting 32 there are suitable clamping nuts between which the casing d of the condensing chamber is locked in position and a liquid tight joint is secured between the fitting and the casing. 37 is the locking nut on the underside of the to plate of casing d and 38 is a washer or gasliet encircling the threaded u per extremity of the fitting 32 and being hdld in osition by the clamping nut 39, also screw t ireaded on the upper extremity of the stem of fittin 32, and cap 40 covers the exposed end 0 the screw threaded needle valve 34. Ca 40 m y a so e u lized. as a lock for nut 59 in effectively clamping the artstogethe r." The needle valve 34 1s ma e up of a pointed shank with an enlarged portion at its upper extremity, as shown in Fig. 2, and provided withan angular upper extremity designed to take a tool by which the needle may be backed off the seat to permit any entrappedair to escape from the" system in filling the refrigerating system initially or in adding refrigerant thereto at any subsequent time.

.The reference character 41 indicates one of a plurality of suitable supporting frames provided with a foot which is secured by screw 42 tothe plate I: at the lower end of the condenser chamber and the coils 36 may be held in this rectangular s11 porting, frame by suitable spreaders 43 vertically arranged between the cylindrical coils". .Thecoils 36 after passing throu h a number. of convolutions terminate at t eir lower extremities in I -t he h eader-44 with the interior of which they communicate, through openings which are.

here four in number and indicated by the reference character 45, Fig. 2.. 46 is a lock nut used to secure the fitting 32 to the connection 30, and 47. is a similar nut locking the header 44 to the plate I: with the passage v -on the interior thereof communicating with r the outlet passage 48', the latter being connected by the valve fitting 49 with plpe 50 leading] to valved'fitting 51 communicating with t e interior of the'liquid reservoir or receiver tank The lock nuts 46 and47 .produce fgas tightv joints between their rettings by binding upon gaskets of spective sultable packing material, as indicated in Fig. 2.

- he design of the machine is such that cooling water from any desired source as a water works system will be taken through intake pipe 52 through the pressure operated switch control n and control valve 55"into co1l53 within the liquid refrigerant receiver g and thence through hand operated cutoff valve 56 and pipe 54 into the branch fitting 57'which communicates with the two water pipes 58 and 59 controlled by hand valves '60 and 61 respectively. The

' either the coo ing means for the compressor or the condenser, but that by means 'ofthe parallel arrangement of the system I am Y able. by mampulating the hand control valves 60, 61 to cool the compressor chamber and the oil therein in relationto the refrigerant in the condenser-just as may be desired and found necessary to prevent the condensat on of refrigerants" my the -oi-l. I Water to the interior of the: con- -of a refrigerator, the coil being from the cooling chamber 62 of the compressor will pass to thesewer pipe 64 and the cooling water from the condenser chamber will leave the chamber around the coils 36 near the top thereof so that the hot water will be taken and will pass downwardly through the vertical tube 65 to a manifold or chamber 66 arranged to surround the vertical intake pipe 28 for the refrigerant at the center of the condenser chamber. The water passes from this chamber through an openmg at the bottom indicated by reference character 67 and thenccthrough connecting pipe 68 to the aforesaid water discharge pipe 64. 69 is a valve controlled discharge pipe for draining the water system preferably placed at the lowest point in water jacket cast integral with base a.

In water cooled refrigerating machines it hashere'tofore been common to circulate the cooling water through relatively small coils in the condenser chamber with the, refrigerant" around the coils. In manylocalities where available water for coolingvsuch devices contains impurities such as sand, alkali,

and other sediments, such systems require frequent cleaning with the result that it is necessary to remove the refrigerant from the system before the apparatus may be cleaned.

Re'frigerants such as sulphur dioxide (S0 are very difficult, if not impossible for any but the most skillful workmen to handle,

and it is highlydesirable, and one of the important features of the invention, to pro- 'vide a construction ,of condenser in which the water cooling system may be accessible and thoroughly cleaned without disturbing the system containing the refrigerant. It willbeseen that I have provided such a construction, for the wall or cover (1 of the Inn condenser may, after the water is drained from the system be detached by removing the cap nut 40 "and lock nut 39 together with suitable machine screws as indicated at 70 and 71 so that the condenser coil will be completely accessible. The pipe 50con necting the condenser with the cooling reservoir and the expansion coil through the e'x-- pansion valve, is preferably provided with a pressure gauge as indicated by reference character 72, and for convenience in removing for adjusting or cleaning hand operated ya y es 73 'and74 will be located on each side of theexpansion valve.

' 'hen the machine is properly installed with, the expansion coil 6 on the interior of what is commonly termed the icechamber referably immersed in a brine tank to sta hilizethe temperature of sameand prevent too rapid changes, and when the water intake 52 is connected with 'a' suitable source of water supply as the waterworks system or pres-- sure tank,"with the water discharge pipe 64- I connected. with the sewer 'or other suitable when the automatic electrical control system is connected with a suitable source for current supply as indicated by the diagrammatic arrangement of the parts in Fig. 1, the apparatus will be in condition for continuous automatic operation, it being of courseunderstood that the refrigerating system is provided with a suitable supply of low pressure refrigerant as sulphur dioxide (80,), which will be introduced through the valve 75, which will also serve as a recharging valve should it be desirable at any time after the machine is in operation to add additional refrigerant. When the valve is opened, the refrigerant, being ordinarily commercially contained in a closed container under pressurefwill be allowed to pass into the refrigerating system on the compressor side of the check valve 21,

through the compressor, and above the space in the oil level therein and into the various parts of the refrigerating system in the compressor and condenser chambers, any air therein being allowed to escape through the air needle valve 3 1, which may be temporarily opened for this purpose. Thence the refrigerant will be allowed to pass through pipe 50 into the liquid reservoir or receiver 9 and finally to the expansion valve where it will be passed under the control of the lat ter into the expansion coil 0.

In the following description of the operation of the'machine, reference being made particularly to the diagrammatic showing in Fig. 1, it should be noted that for con venience the electrical and other parts of the control apparatus are illustrated in Fig. 1 only in a diagrammatic manner and that the switching mechanism is shown correct in Figs. 5 and 6, and hereinafter described.

Current through the feed lines 76,77 and TS-through the fuses 79, and 81 will enter the system, the lines 76 and 7 Tbeing wired to the contacts 100 and 101 of the pressure operated switch a and passing' thence through switches 104, 105 and contacts 102, 103 to the two knife switch arms 82 and 83 which are in substantially rigid connection with the pivoted walkingbeam 84 carrying at its extremities the cores 106, 107 of the solenoids 85 and 86. In'the diagrammatic drawing of Fig. 1 it will be noted that for convenience the knife switch arms 82 and 83 are shown connected to a supplementary walking beam oscillatable with the walking beam 8 1. This is shown in the diagrammatic drawing only for the purpose of illustrating the mode of operation of the parts, the preferred design of this switching mechanism being illustrated in correct detail in Figs. 5

and 6. Connected with the Walking beam and with the knife switch arms 82, 83 is the depending arm 87 varying at its extremity gear segment 88 meshing with the 'positionby the water pressure in the main 52 so that the current supply lines 76, 77 are closed at this point which is the normal condition of switch n. The reference character v89 indicates a temperature operated switching device or thermostat of a conven tional form,'the temperature operated member of which is indicated by reference character 90, and is connected with the terminal of line 91 and adapted to alternately close upon'the terminals of lines 92, 93 respectively, which latter are connected with the windings of the solenoids 85 and 86, the same being wired to switch contacts adapted for engagement with knife switch arm 82, the contact associated with solenoid 85 and with the knife switch arm 82 being also connected by line 94 with the motor 1). Line 95 is connected with a terminal also adapted to be engaged by knife switch arm 82 and leads to the coil of the solenoid 86. Knife switch arm 83 is adapted to engage at the limit of its movement in one direction with a inserted in the lines 76, 77 which feed the.

motor lines 94 and 96, so that when both these lines are simultaneously broken no current may enter the motor. It is the func tion of the switching mechanism by means of the solenoids 85, 86 to cut in or cut out the current to the motor I) under the control of the thermostat. The pressure operated switching mechanism 1:. functions whenever the water pressure in the cooling system is not suflicient toproperly feed the system. In such case the switch it opens the feed lines 76, 77. It will be apparent that the pressure operated switch 72. is for safety purposes because the compressor and condenser mechanisms depend upon the water for proper cooling and in the event of the failure of the water supply the heat generated within the compressor and condenser might injuriously effect or burn up the parts. The

thermostatically operated switching mecha nism 89 will be adjustable in the ordinary manner of such devices and will preferably be located within the cooling or storage compartment of the refrigerator and it will consequently be operated to one of two'positions whenever a certain predetermined temperature is primed in either direction. For example, if it be desired to maintain a temperatureof forty-five degrees Fahr. within the cooling compartment of the refrigerator the thermostat will be set so that the variable member 90 thereof, will make contact with line 93 at a temperature of say 46 degrees Fahn, whereas it will make contact with line 92 at a temperature of say 44 degrees Fahr. The variation in the temperature at which the thermostat will operate will depend on the type of thermostat used and the adjustment of same. Assuming that the apparatus is in working condition and the temperature around thermostat 16 degrees Fahr. or above, the variable member 90 of the thermostat will close the circuit between lines 91 and 93, the circuit being from power source through line 77, water pressure operated switch n, line 99, line 91, thermostat 89, line 93, solenoid 86, line 95, knife switch arm 82, line 97 to switch n and line 76 to power source. The closing of the above described circuit will energize sole noid 86 attracting and pulling down core 107 and operating knife switch arms 82,

'83, the former thereby disconnecting line 97 from line 95 and connecting line 97 to solenoid winding 85, and the latter thereby con-.

' nect-ing line 99 to line 96. Under this condition of the switch mechanism the motor 5 starts, receiving power through line 78 directly; also from line 77 through pressure operated switch n, line 99, knife switch arm 83, and line 96; also from line 76 through pressure operated switch n, line 97, knife switch arm 82, and line 94. It should be fri rant through the system, and consequent coo ing of the expansion coil, which condition will obtain until the temperature of air surrounding the thermostat is lowered to say, ap roximately 44 degrees Fahr. when mova le contact of the thermostat will close circuit between lines 91- and 92 causin flow of current in solenoid S5 throng line 77, pressure operated switch n, line 99, line 91, thermostat 89, line 92, solenoid winding 85, knife switch arm .82, line.

97, pressure operated switch 1, and line 76 A to source, resulting in attracting and pulling down solenoid core 106, shifting knife switch arms 82, 83 back to the positions shown, full lines, Fig. 1, resulting in breaking circuit between lines 96 and 99 and also breaking the circuit between lines 94 and ,97 leaving line 78 connecting motor directly with power source and line 77 connecting motor with power source through the high resistance winding of solenoid 85, under which conditions the motor will stop and remain at rest until thermostat switch is again aifected by a rise in temperature. It should also be noted that the depression of solenoid core 106 will close water control valve 55 preventing waste of water when not needed in cooling compressor and condenser.

Reference will now be made to the preferred form of the water pressure controlled electrical system of Figs. 5 and 6 shown only" 7 in diagrammaticform in Fig. 1 as previously referred tom the described operation of the machine. While this water pressure operated switching mechanism has been desig nated generally by reference character at it will be seen that there is a specially formed pipe fitting of irregular shape as indicated by reference character 110 inserted between the sections 52 and '53 of the, water supply inlet pipe and that the passageway throng this fitting is under the control of the before described control valve 55 operated byv gear segment 108. W'ithin the housing formed in the passageway through fitting 110 and on the water supply or inlet side of control valve 55, I mount a collapsible chamber so that a portion of the collapsible walls of said chamber will be exposed to the pressure of the water within the fitting on the inlet side of the control valve. Such a, chamber may be of cylindrical shape, formed for example, from some suitable spun ductile metal as brass or copper with one end formed integrally with the cylindrical walls thereof as indicated by reference character 111, the said end portion having connected thereto. a part 112 provided with a screw threaded socket (Fig. 6) adapted to take the threaded extremity of a shaft or pin 113 carryingfat its 'upperend a cross head 114 to which will be attached but in sulated therefrom the two switch members 104, 105 previously referred to, and one of which is shown in Fig. 6, being adapted when closed upon the line terminal contacts 101 to 103 inclusive to close the respective circuits through saidcontacts, as already described. The cylindrical walls of the chamber 111 will be given a sinuous form in section, as indicated at 115 to render the same collapsible upon the application of fluid pressure within the passa of the fitting and the outer end of the c may be closed b 116 throng shaft 113'will loosely pass, there ing a coil spring 117 adapted to exert a normal expansive effect between plate 116 and the bottom of the chamber, the, said spring being positioned around the shaft 113 and may be conveniently seated at its end opposite the plate 116 upon the part 112, whereby to depress the switch members and break the described circuit contactswhenever the pressure of the water on the supply side of the control valve 55 falls below a predetermined pressure. The collapsible chamber 111 for operating the switch mechanism may conveniently be secured to the substantially circular fitting 118, screw threaded in the threaded opening as indicated on the top of fitting 110 and having a clamping circular .plate 119 attached thereto, there being circular recesses formed, as illustrated, in one or both of said parts 118, 119 to receive the flanged peripheral edge of the collapsible chamber member .and the periphery of 'plate 116. a

The line terminals 100 to 103 inclusive are preferably secured to the underside of base plate 120 which for the protection of.

the solenoids operating parts of the switch mechanism connected therewith may be provided with the suitable cover 121 and with a .vertical branch preferably connected integrally therewith as indicated at 122, serving as a support for the three fuses 79 to 81 in the main current supply lines 76 to 78 inclusive I as heretofore referred to and shown in the diagrammatic portions of Fig. 1. 123, 124

and 125 are suitable binding posts in feed lines 76to 78 respectively. The fuses 79 and 80 have suitable electrical connections through their respective binding posts with binding posts of contacts 100, 101, and the circuit in line 78 is continued through fuse 81 and binding post 126 to the motor as shown in the dlagrammatic illustiatiOnFig. 1. In the detail views Figs. 5 and 6 no attempt is made to illustrate the circuit con nections between switch contacts, solenoids and motor, as shown in Fig. 1, but the operation of the switching mechanism will be understood from the diagrammatic arrangement of the corresponding parts in Fig. 1. It will be observed that knife switch arms 82' and 83 engage the respective switch sockets 94, 95 and 96" in lines 94 to 96 inelusive, as described, and it will be borne in mind that the switch arms 82 and 83' which will be suitably connected to be operated by the oscillation of the walking beam 84 will be insulated therefrom and from the supporting brackets 127, 128 and that these knife switch arms 82, 83 will have connected in ciring the magnet cores, as the same forms no part of the present invention, and theoretically the switching device described would be operative if the knife switch arms were substantially rigidly connected to oscillate with beam 84 and with the pivotal shaft as indicated by reference character 129, by which the same is supported in said brackets 127, 128. However, in order to prevent arcing between the switch arms and their respective contacts, I prefer to use suitable means such as are common and well known for giving a quick throw to the knife switch arms 82 and 83 independently of the movement of walking beam 84 so that the switch arms will not operate with the oscillations of the walking beam 84, but may be operated with a quick snap from each of their two position to the opposite position by suitable spring or elastic means under the control of the magnetically operated beam 84, and upon each separate oscillation thereof.

Reference has been made to the distortion of the compressor casing 0 of the diagrammatic Fig. 1 and to show therein a vertical section through water jacket 62 and water supply and vent connections the same is distorted almost ninety degrees as will be apparent from the correct views in section in Figs. 2 and 3, and from which it will be seen that the inner wall of the jacket is provided with fins 150, this increasing the cooling surface exposed to the liquid within the compressor.

In Fig. 2 certain details of the pump casing 9' are shown including the packing and bearing for drive shaft 10 which is more particularly described in a separate application on the pump per se.

In the form of the base a of Fig. 1 an extension of the water cooling jacket 62 of the compressor is formed integrally within the casing. In Fig. 2 I show a modified construction in which the base plate as indicated by reference character a is of a much simpler design, having no provision for the portion 7' of the compressor casing, and as in the form of the compressor casing j shown in Fig. 1 the bottom of the casing will be constructed with an opening therein almost as large as the internal diameter of the casing with an openin 142 therein adapted to have attached thereto a suitable closure as an ordinary try-cock, not shown, for draining the interior of the compressor casing. The plate 140 will be provided with duct 142 extending radially from the periphery thereof at the outside radius of the compressor casing and closed by a suitable drain valve connection indicated by reference character 143 which may be opened when the machine not 1n operation for the purpose of draining cooling fluid from the system, this normally being the lowest point in the cooling system. The fitting 143 will preferably be constructed in the form of a two way cock so that in one position the drain spout 144 thereof may be closed with a passageway through the cock connecting with the water supply pipe 58 for feeding the cooling jacket of the compressor chamber. Also when the valve 143 is closed to prevent the circulation of water from the pipe 58 into the jacket passage 142' the valve should open for draining the system through the discharge outlet. The upper surface of plate 140 surrounding the discharge of duct 142 will be provided with concentric heat conducting fins as indicated at145 and the opening in the bottom of the condenser chamber 7' will be closed by a specially constructed plate 146 attached thereto by suitable machine screws, as indicated in Fig. 2, the plate 146bein provided with heat conducting fins on both its upper and lower surfaces,.as indicated by reference characters 147 and 148. This modified construction for the base plate and the compressor cas refrigerant that might be intermingled with liquid in the bottom of the compressor chamber with fresh supply'fed from the using cyclic expansion culating water to cool one. of said chamhere said conduitfmeansincluding a water valve, a common control means for controlling the operation of said switch and said water valve, and means responsive to the pressure of the cooling water for rendering said control means inoperative.

2. In an apparatus ofthe character described, the combination of a compressor, a

condenser, an expansion chamber, means con-' necting said compressor, condenserfland expansio'n chamber in a -closedqrefrigerating circuit, means for driving the compressor ining and jacketconnections therefor not only results in a considerable saving of manufacturing costs due to the difficulty of properly casting a supporting base plate of the type indicated by reference character a but the various portions being detachable the interior portions of the water jacket are rendered easily accessible for cleaning.

Reference has heretofore been made to the test cocks 15 and 16 for determining the liquid level in the compression chamber. In Fig.' 4 I show the preferred forin of such device consisting of a screw threaded plug 1 adapted for insertion in both of the openings 13 and 14 of the compressor casing, said plug being provided with, ah ad polygonal in cross section and having on the exterior thereof a recessed portion 8 adapted to receive the polygonal head of a screw plug t threaded in an opening a, which extends longitudinally of plug 1' terminating near its extremity opposite, its head porti n and on the interior of the chamber a in a contracted duct indicated by reference character 0:, this construction forming a seat for the pointed inner end 3 of the screw-plug t so I that the duct or orifice a: may be kept nor mally closed but opened whenever desired by the use of a tool applied to the head of plug t which may be adjusted to uncover the orifice m and permit discharge of liquid from the interior of the compressor chamber into the plug opening '0, thence through duct 2 eluding an electric circuit and a switch therein, condu1t means .forconducting cooling water to the condenser, said conduit means mcluding a water valv'e'forcontrolling the circulation of water,ia'common control means for controlling theoperation of.

said switch and said'water valve; and means responsive to the pressure of the cooling water for preventing-the operation'of the control means. i 3. In an apparatus of the character described, thecombination ,of a compressor, a condenser, an expansion chamber, means connecting said compressor, v condenser and expansion chamber in a closed refrigerating circuit, means for driving the compressor including an electric circuit and a switch therein, conduit means for conducting cooling water to the condenser, said conduit means including a water vvalve for controlling the circulation of water, va common means mechanically fconnected with said switch and said valve for operating the switch and valve, and means responsive to the pressure of the cooling water for rendering said common means inoperative.

4. In an apparatusof the character described, the combiuation ofa compressor, a condenser, an expansion chamber, means connecting said compressor, condenser and ex pansion'chamber in aclosed refrigerating circuit, means for driving the compressor including an electric circuit and a switch therein, conduit means for conducting cooling water to the condenser, said conduit .means including a water valve for control to prevent or lessen 'any intermingling of ling the circulation of water, a cognition control means for controlling the operation of said switch and said water valve, and-means ill) operative after the circuit has been closed and the water valve has-been opened to automatically open the circuit upon the pres sure of the cooling water falling below a 6. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a compressor chamber, a compressor therein, a condenser chamber comprising a refrigerant-cooling coil therein a common wall sealing the compressor chamher and the condenser chamber, water supply means, ports and-passages entirely in said common wall for conducting the cooling water and the refrigerant into and out of the condenser, there being but a single passage extending through the common wall connecting the compressor chamber with the condenser chamber.

T. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a condenser and an expansion coil, of a compressor casing, a compressor adapted to discharge refrigerant into said casing, cooling fins on the interior wall of said casing, and means for conducting a cooling medium into contact with the outer surface of'the wall of said casing whereby to cool said fins and the contents of said casing.

8. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a condenser and an expansion coil, of a compressor casing, a compressor adapted to discharge refrigerant into said casing, cooling fins on the interior wall of said casing at two or more sides thereof, and

means for conducting a cooling medium into contact with the outer surface of the wall of said casing whereby to cool said fins and the contents of said casin 9. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a condenser and an expansion coil, of a compressor casing, a compressor adapted to discharge. refrigerant into said casing, cooling fins on the interior of the bottom wall of. said casing, and means for conducting a cooling medium into contact with the outer surface of the wall of said casing whereby to cool said fins and the contents of said casin In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification on this 24th day of October A. D. 1919.

, CHARLES'L. coimn'

Images