US1583688A - Keyless lock - Google Patents

Description

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Patented lVlay 4, 1926.1

UNITED STATES ALEXANDER GILCHRIST HATCH, 0F HONOLU'L'U, TERRITORY OF HAWAII, ASSIG-NOR TO W-H KEYLIESS LOCK COMIANY, LIMITED, OF HONOLULU, TERRITORY OF HA- -1 WAII, A CORPORATION 0F H AWAII.

KnYLnss Loox.

Application filed July 14,1925.` Serial No. 43,583. i

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, ALEXANDER GILcHRIs'r HATCH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii, have invented certain new and useful' Improvements in Keyless Locks; and I do' hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will'enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine. v

This invention relates to keyless locks and has for its principal object to provide a construction whereby the combination necessary to control the. movements of the locking bolt may be readily changed at will withoutthe necessity of taking the lock apart and without the use of any tools whatever. While applicable to numerous forms of permutations locks, the present construction is more particularly designed for use with locks in which the locking slide or bolt moves in a direction transversely of the axis of the permutation wheels as distinguished from those in which the locking bolt moves in a direction parallel to such axis and more particu'- larly to such Vlocks as are described and claimed in applicants Patent No. 1,555,969, of October 6, 1925; applicants' co-pending application Serial No. 708,253, tiled April 22, 1924,; an application, Serial No. 739,665, filed jointly September 24, 1924, by applicant and Meade `Wildrick; and an application, Serial No. 746,176, filed October 27, 1924, by Meade Vildrick.

The anti-picking guards herein disclosed constitute no part of the invention sought to be protected in this application, but are claimed in applicants above-mentioned case Serial No. 708,253, and vin applicants co- 36,659, `filed June modification of the combination-changing mechanism disclosed and claimed in applicants prior application Serial No. 36,660, filed June 12, 1925.

A further vobject lof the invention is'to ,provide a deviceof the character described which will be simple inconstruction, comparatively inexpensive to manufacture and install and quite eliicientl in use.

With the above andother objectsk in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in thenovel details of construction andfcombinations and` arrangements of parts morejfully vhereininthe Vappended claims.

Referringl to they accompanying drawings'v forminga part of this 'sepcificatiom in which like referencey characters designate like parts in all/the views A Fig. 1 1s a front velevational view of a portion of'aflockembodyingthe presentv inven- Fig. 2 isa side elevational view. of the parts shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a central vertical sectional view of the partsy shown inlv Figs.v 1 and 2;

Fig. 4 is transversesectionalview taken approximately on the' plane indicated by line 4-4inFig.3; f

Fig. 5'is a'horizontal sectional yvie'w'partly in elevation, taken approximately onthe plaine indicated bytheline 5&5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is an expanded detail perspective view of one of thev permutation wheels.

As above mentioned, the inventionreadily lends itself to application to various types of lock and, therefore, the details of theflock casing, locking bolt, etc., have been illustrated more or less diagrammatically since they constitute no special part ofthe present invention but may be changed in obvious ways, to meet the varying conditions. The

lock in each instance, however, will comprise a suitablev casing l0 in which is slidably mounted a locking bolt o r slide 11 provided with -aY plurality of lingers12, each having a laterally projecting locking toe 13 adapted to ride'in annulargrooves provided vin the corresponding permutation wheelsas is disclosed in-my said co-pending application Ser. No. 698,718. Y

Suitablymounted in the said casing is a shaft 14 provided adjacent its one end with a hub portion 15 of somewhat increased diameter and with a head 16 provided with a slot 17 for receiving a' screwdriver for Vthe purpose of assembling. The said hub portion 15 constitutes a journal for one of t-he permutation wheels 18, the .remaining wheels being journaled upon' sleeves 19 which are slidably and rotatably mounted upon the said shaft 14.l The permutation wheel rassembly is maintained in assembled relation 'be readily understood.

by means of a suitable nut 20 which engages the reduced threaded end 21 of the shaft 14 as will be clear from Fig. 3.

Each permutation wheel 18 comprises amain body portion 22 provided with an axial bore 23 and an axially extending reduced hub 24 provided with detent notchesm25, as will be clear from the drawings. The exterior circumference of the member 22 is preferably divided into sectors with longitudinally extending depressions or projections 26 between each of said sectors which mayxcarry a suitable indicating character, not shown, as is well lknown in the art. The said body members are also recessed upon one face as indicated at 27 and provided with a counter bore 28 forming ya shoulder v29 adjacent the bottom of the recess 27.

The said members also carry a pair of diametrically opposed axially extending pins or projections 30 which serve to engage the said body members with their companion members, under normal operating conditions, as will appear more fully below.

-As above stated, the wheels 18 are rotatably mounted either upon the hub portion 15 of shaft 14 or upon thesleeve members 19 carried by the reduced portion of the said shaft and the recessed portion 27 of the said body members 22 Linder normal conditions receives the companion members 32 which are provided with the axial bores 33 and are slidably and rotatably mounted upon the shaft 14, as best shown in Fig. 6. Each of these members is provided upon one flat face with an' annular `groove 37 from which the radial s-lot y38 leads to the exterior circumference. This said exterior circumference is in turn provided with a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves 39 and with a radially extending flange or ring 40, which undernormalrconditions abuts against the shoulder 29 of the member 22, and which prevents longitudinal movement of the inner member 32 when the par-ts are in the locked positions. 1n other words, the said flange serves to prevent the changing of the combination when the locK is locked, and it will also prevent such change when the lock is unlocked, except when proper combination is set, i. e., when the toes 13 are in line with the slo'ts r56. The portions of the slots 39 to the right yof the said ring or flange 40 serve to receive the pins or projections 30 with which the member 22 is provided, as above described and to form a readily detachable connection between the members 22v and 32, as will On lthe other hand the portions of the slots V39 to the left of the ring 'or flange 40 as viewed in Figs. 3 and 6 constitute false slots or recesses adapted to prevent the unauthorized opening of the lock in the manner disclosed in. the co-pending application of Meade lit drick, Serial Number 746,177, filed October 27,1924.

Interposed between adjacent permutationy Yis ject whereby it might be possible to feel the location of the notch or slot 38 in each of the wheel members 32 and to thus `pick the ylock. Y The action of these shield members is more particularly described and they arespecifically claimed in my co-.pending application, Ser. No. 36,659, filed June 12, 1925. Y

The shaft 14 is longitudinally slidably mounted in the casing 10 and it is adapted to be heldin either of two longitudinally adjusted positions by means of a spring member 50 which engages a pair of sepa rate grooves 51 and 52 provided on the hub 15 adjacent the head 16. In other words, when the shaft 14 and its associated parts are in one position the spring -1nember 50 will occupy one of the said grooves while when the shaft and its associated parts are in the other position, said spring member will occupy the other of saidk grooves.

The operation of the device is as follows:

Under normal operating conditions the parts occupy the positions illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawing, for example,I and when in these positions each of the wheels 18 may be turned to set or destroy the combination in the same manner as the ordinary permutation lock. 1f, however, for any reason, it'is desired to change the relative positions of the bolt accommodating slots 38 and the indicia carried -by the respective wheels 18 it is only necessary to slide the shaft 14 toward the left as viewed in Fig. 3, by a. manual pressure against the right hand end of the said shaft which will cause the spring 50 to occupy the kgroove 52 instead of the groove 51. yThis longitudinal motion of the shaft will be transmitted through the shoulder 55 formed by the hubV 15 to the member 32 of the right hand wheel 18 and also through the sleeves 19 to the corresponding members 32 of the other wheels 18. rlhe members 22 of the said wheels, however, will not move, inasmuch as they are retained against axial movement due to their projection through theapertures in the front of the casing 10,\and also due to shield members 45 which space them from each other and from the casing. During this longitudinal movement of the parts, the toes 13 of the locking bolt lingers 12 will enter into recesses or holes 56 provided in the members 32 Which recesses are preferably so positioned that the longitudinal movement above referred to of the parts, may only be accomplished when the combination has been previously set.

This longitudinal movement of the shaft 14 and the members 32, While the members 22 remain stationary, will serve to disengage the pins or projections carried by the last named members from the slotsor recesses 39 and when this disengagement is accomplished the members 22 may be freely rotated upon their journals Without their motion being transmitted to the members 32. It thus results that the relative circumferential positions of the members 22 and 32 may be changed at Will and when the desired new combination has been obtained, by manually returning the shaft and the members 32 toy ward the right as viewed in Fig. 3 tothe positions shown therein, the pins 30 vvill again enter the slots or recesses 39 and the Wheel members 22 and 32 locked together for circumferential movement.

It will thus be seen that this invention provides a construction whereby it is possible to readily change or shift the combination necessary to control the locking bolt of a permutation lock by a simple manual movement of the parts and entirely Without the use of tools, or the disassembling of the lock.

1While one form of the invention has been illustrated and described it is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the precise 'details of construction as well as the arrangement-s of parts Without departing from the spirit of the invention and therefore, it is not wished to be limited to the above disclosure except as may be required by the claims.

lVhat is claimed is:

l. A keyless lock comprising a casing and a lock mechanism mounted therein, said mechanism including a bolt inovably mounted in said easing, a plurality of permutation tumblers rotatable about axes disposed crosswise with respect to the direction of movement of said bolt and each comprising a concealed lock-controlling element and a tuinbler-setting element exposed for manipulation through an opening in said casing, couplings normally preventing relative rota.- tional movement between the elements of -nient of said tumbler elements, means preventing lateral movement ofsaid tumblersetting elements and coupling disabling means, accessible from the exterior of the assembled lock, whereby said lock-controlling elements may be moved laterally to disable. said couplings, thereby permitting` the combination of said lock to be readily changed by merely moving said tumblersetting elements to any desired positions relative'to their respectivev lock-controlling elements, said bolt and lock-controlling elements having opposed parts obstructing lateral movement of the'latter for the purpose of disabling sai-d couplings except when said tumblers have been set in a predetermined relationand said bolt moved to a predetermined position.

2. In a keyless lock, a casing; a shaft longitudinally slidably mounted in said casing; a locking bolt also slidably mounted in said casing for movement in a plane transversely of the axis' of said shaft, said bolt having a plurality of locking toes; a plurality of permutation x'vheels each com risino a bolt oontrolling member and an indicia bearing meniber normally connected together, said bolt controlling members having an annular groove and a radial slot accommodating said toes, said indicia bearing members being held against longitudinal movement; and spacing members on .said shaft between said bolt confor said indicia bearing members.

3.' In a keyless lock, a casing; a shaft lon- I gitudinally slidably mounted in said casing; a locking bolt also slidably mounted in said casing for movement in a plane transversely of the axis of said shaft, said bolt having a plurality of locking toes; a plurality of permutation Wheels, each comprising a bolt controlling ,member and an indicia bearing member normally connected together, said bolt controlling"members having an annular groove and a radial slot accommodating said toes, said indicia bearing members being held against longitudinal movement; spacing members on said shaft between said bolt controlling members, and constituting journals for said indicia bearing members; and means for yieldably holding said shaft in different longitudinal positions.

' ALEXANDER 'ciiciiiusi HATCH.

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