US1583090A - Injector - Google Patents

Description

l 7 R. M. OSTERMANN INJEcTon Y Filed Feb. 18, 1924 3 sheets-sheet 2 May v1926.

' R. M. o'sT'l-:RMANN INJEcToR Filed Feb. 1a', 1924 s'shees-sheet s Patente-d May v4,r 1926.

UNITED STATES, BATENT RUDOLF M. OSTERMANN, or nyansron, Immers, Assienon To 'THE 'surnnnnarnn coMrANY, or NEW'YOBK, N. Y.,

A. Geaaoaeara or DELAWAE- INJEGTOR..

Application filed. February 18, 1924. Serial No. 693,451.

To all w71 om t may concern Be it known that I, RUDOLF M. OSTER- MANIN al citizen ott-he United Sta-tes, and Y a resident of Evanston, Cook County, State ot Illinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Injectors, ot which the following is a specilication rlhis invention relates to injectors and more particularly to that typev of injector disclosed in the United. States Letters Patent No. 1,342,128 grantedV June 1, 1920, to James Metcalfe et al. wherein is shown an injector adapted to be operated `by low pressure exhaust steam.

lVith injectors of this type, it is necessary Y able cone within vthe injector. In addition' to the manual regulation ofthe waterthese injectors are also provided with a'fsupplementar-y, live steam nozzle to assist the steam action ot the low pressure steam nozzle, and whiley the admission ot a supplementary supply oft live steam is Aeffective to assist vthe j exhaust steam action, it necessarily involves the manipulation of additional controlling means, and is subject tothe further objection that it increases both the maximum and minimum water delivery ot the injector and therefore ,does not have any marked inlinence upon the working range ot the' injector.

lt is an objectof the present invent-ion to provide in'an injector ot this type al rnew and improved 'construction by means vof which the flow ofthe low pressure exhaust steam through tlie'injector is automatically Controlledeither by an elementdirectly actu-Y ated by the variations in the pressure of the exhaust steam, or by some'i'element that would be substantially vindicative of the changes in the pressure thereof.

A further-'object is to provide an exhaust steaminjector which will, permit the range of water delivery to be Vsubstantially in` creased.

`Another object is to provide adjusting means, Ainterconnected such a manner with tor,automatically Acontrolling the .exhaust steam, th t the ani'o'iint y ..elivered to the .l be

the' invention vapfpert ains by reference yto the` following detailed description andfvthefvac# comp anying drawingsy forming a part hereof, wherein are illustrated typical examples, ot installations 'constructed #in ac cordzuicev with the principlesot my invention.

Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal horizontali section on theline l-l'oi- Fig. 2 through' an .injectorv embodying` iny invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a the injector shown in Fig. 1.

Fig.' 3f is'l a section onl the line 3.-.-3 of Fig. 1'.

Fig'. 4L. is a diagrammatic illustration :of a` modified formot an installation. i l

Figs. 5 and. 6. are sectional details orv partsY of the installation shown in Fig. 4.

' Fig; 7 is, an 'illustration' of another modif fied torniot aninstallation. y '1 `Referring to Figs. 1'to 3 ofthe Adrawings the numeral 10 indicates they main casing` ot the injector which contains/therein a main exhaust .steam nozzle 11, a water cone or preliminary mixingnozzle V12,v a combining nozzle 13,'a delivery nozzle14,` vand a furg ther preliminary mi-Xing, nozzle 15,L between the water cone and "combining nozzle, all asmore particularly set ortlrin the. aforementioned'patent to Metcalfe, etjall The main exhaust steam nozzle 11 is mov.

portion ot able longitudinally'ot casing 10 to vary theA aimulan'water inlet formed between `the outer surface ot the nozzle'11'a'nd the inner end of the water cone 12, and 4to'eontrol the amount of water drawnthrough the intake openingV 1'1L,`as in. tliestructure vdisclosed in said patent, but instead of themanually operated handle Vemployed in such structure to move said nozzle 11, l provide an internally .screw-'threaded bushingvl, rotatably mounted within the casingg'l() and khaving' a plurality ot gearl teeth .17: upon .its outer circumference." The main yexhaust steam nozzle 'islscrew-threaded, as at '18, to .engage within the bushingj'l. Suitable 'packing as indicated'atlQ is"l inserted between the bushing 16 and 'casing 10, and the bushingis restricted from movement longitudinally ot the;casing-by",` suitable means.' l

,serali fate. nig; bashing@ reis niet ably`iiioiiiited'-in :.fbos's Q1 lot casiiigjfl'and iseaeea ile n'ieshes with the gear teeth 17 of bushing 16, said rack. being shown as a grooved rod which projects through a stutillg box 22 on said boss, and is pivotally connected, as at 23, to one end of a lever 24. 1n order to prevent rotation of the main exhaust nozzle '11, the nozzle is provided with a laterally projecting boss 25 which is suitably. apertured to receive a pin or stud 26 fixed Within the end Wall of the Water cone 12. Y

Rotatably mounted Within a flanged collar-like extension 27, secured, as by bolts 28, to tl'le flanged end 29 of casing 10 is an internally screw-threaded bushing 30, having gear teeth 31 on its outer circumference with Which a rack 32 engages. Rack 32 is slidably mounted Within a boss 33 on the' extension 27 and its projecting outer end is pivotally connected at 32a, to the other end of lever 24, the construction of bushing 30, rack 32 and boss 33 being similar to the bushing 16, rack 2O and boss 21, except that the screvv-threads of the bushings 30 and 16 are opposite in direction.

A member in the form of a spider 34 terminates at its inner end in a cone-shaped surface 35, to provide a valve member which is spaced from the larger end of the inner Wall ofthe main exhaust nozzle 11 to form an annular space through Which the exhaust steam passes to the said nozzle, While the other end of the spider is formed into an annular, externally screw-threaded collar 34a to engage with the threads of bushing 30 for the purpose of moving the spider 34 longitudinally of the injector to vary the size of said annular space.

The spider 34 forms a part of the live steam nozzle and is provided with a boss 36 having a central bore 37, through which the live steam passes, and a counterA bore 38 which is slidably mounted over the live steam admission pipe 39, pipe 39 extending thicugh the manifold 4.0 and being connected with the live steam conduit 41. A .rey or pin 43 is fixed to pipe 39 and engages in a suitable hey-Way or slot 44, Within the boss 36 of spider 34, to prevent rotation thereof While permitting longitudinal movement of the spider.

The inner flange of the flanged collar-like extension 27 is provided Wit-h an apertured boss 46 to which the by-pass 47 is connected, said by-pass leading a portion of the steam to the space between Vthe Water cone 12 and the further preliminary mixing nozzle 15 to provide an outer envelope of steam about the combined jet issuing from the nozzle 15 between the Water cone and combining nozzle. The opening to the boss 46 from the injector is located between the bushings 18 and 30 and a small valve48 Which is suitably secured to the spider 34 is adapted, when the spider 34 is moved towards the main exhaust steam nozzle, to move across and close the opening of the boss 46 to an extent substantially proportional to the throttling of the annular space between the nozzle 11 and Water cone l2.

Mechanism is provided for causing the lever 24 to be actuated in accordance with variations of the pressure in the exhaust steam line and a suitable embodiment of such mechanism is illustrated in Fig.' 2 of the drawings.

ustable rod 50, the other end of which is secured to one end of a lever 51. To the other end of lever 51 is pivotally connected a piston rod 52 Which is secured to a suitable piston 53, slidably mounted in a cylinder 54,

which cylinder is connected, as by the pipe 55, with any suitable point of the exhaust steam line. A coiled spring 56, mounted within the cylinder between the upper end thereof and the piston 53 is provided for urging the piston against the pressure of the exhaust steam.

Means are provided for varying the positions of the spider 34 and cone 11 to regulate the range of Water delivery of the in jector, and such mea-ns may comprise a manually adjustable rod 57 having its inner end connected With the pivotal connection 23 of the lever 24, while its outer end is extended to any conveniently accessible point and is screw-threaded to receive the hand Wheel 58.

rlhe manner in which the form shown in Figs. 1 to 3 operates is as follows: it being assumed that the hand Wheel 58 is set to adjust the positions of the steam nozzle 11 and spider 34 to secure the desired amount of Water delivery, increase in the pressure of the exhaust. steam will move piston against the action of spring 56, vthereby causing lever 51 to rock upon its pivot and move the rod 50 downwardly, thus causing lever 24 to be moved about the pivotal connection 23 and actuate the spinder 34 towards the main exhaust nozzle 11 to decrease the annular space through which the exhaust steam flows, the valve 48 also being carried across the opening of the boss 46 to au extent substantially proportional to the throttling of the annular space between the exhaust steam nozzle 11 and the wat-er cone 12. Similarly, when the pressure of 'the exhaust steam decreases, the piston will be moved in the opposite direction by the action of the spring 56, and thereby will actuate the parts ina reverse manner lo increase said annular space. It `will bc seen that in this Way the annular space through which` the exhaust steam ioivs will be varied and that the velocity of the steam fion will he controlled in accordance With the variations in the pressure Yof the exhaust steam. [is the injector effect is moststable with a given Weight of steam passing through the inintermediate the ends of leverV 24 and preferably centrally thereof, 1s plv otally secured one end of a long gitudmallyA lli() itsy jector, it Will liefiinderstood thatfin order to maintain the injector elie'ct substantially constant, the annular jopenii'ig'betvveen the spider 34'and nozzle 11 'slio'uld hedjecreased When the pressure of the exhauststea'm increases vand increased 'asthe pressure falls.

During the automatic operation of the device by tliezcylinder and piston, the pii'ftal connection 23 will act as a fulcruin for the lever 24 thus causing'rack 32 to be moved, the rack 20 meanwhile being held stationary by the rod 57,; on the other handiwhenthe hand Wheel 53 is operated the lever 24tvill pivot-upon its pivotal connection With-the rod with this arrangement the racks 2O and 32 Will be shifted in opposite `directions so that longitudinal movement of the rod 57 in one direction vvillv simultaneously cause the annular inlets for the Water and -ste'aifi'i to be restricted, and inthereverse direction will causethe annular inlets to be increased. lt will be noted that the threads of the bushings 16 and 30 are arranged to produce this movement of the nozzle 11 and spider 34 respectively, and that the pitch vrof the threads of the bushing 30 is'greater than |the threads of bushing 16, so that, When theV nozzle 11 is moved a certain distance by the hand Wheel 58' and vrod 57, the spider 34 Will be moved a proportionatelylarger distance but in the saine direction, this being necessary because a variation of the quantity of Water `requires a greater variation in the quantity of steamV supplied.

Figs. 4 to 6 illustrate anv installation in which the movement ofthe spider 34 is effected by an apparatus connected With an element ot a locomotive engine, the movement or" which element, is indicative of variations in the Vpressure of the steam exhaust line. rl`he numeral 60 indicatesthe valve rod of a locomotive to which is secured a collar 61. A lever 62 pivotally mounted intermediate its ends, has one end thereof pivotally connected to thevcollar 61, While its other 'end is pivotally secured to a piston rod 63 of a piston 64 sl'idably' mounted Within a cylinder 65 formed on the lower part of a fluid container 66.

Communication betiveen the fluid container 66 and the cylinder is furnished through a suction-valve '67.* A conduit 68 leads from thefeiid of cylinder 65 to a. valve casing 69, in which a pressure valveV 70 is located at the delivery end ofy the conduit 68. One end yof a pipe line 71 is secured t-o the valve casing 68, and itsI other end leads to the louer part of a fluid pressure cylinder 72 mounted adjacent to t'l'ieiiijector 10, the construction of the injector being identical with that shown in Fig. 1. An aperture 7 3 which is controlled by a. needle valve 74 permits a portion of the fluid delivered the pump 65 to be by-Jp-assed into the fluid contained 66. The huid 'pressure` cylinder 72 linder 72.

l wiiiii is'coiuieered by' ui@ plunger 'rodi-.7c

with the tlever 24', which lever is connected to the racls'20 4and32 of the injector; an adjtisting rod 57 and handle 58 heilig provideclall as 'shown in Figs. 1 tto 3 inclusive. A coiledsprin'g 77 is confined between the head ofcylinder 72fand the plunger 75 and serves to urge the plunger against the `pressure of the fluid 'from the pipe line 71.

The operation of theiiistalla'ti'on shown in Figs. 4 to 6 inclusive is as follows i' rlhe. reciprocation ot valve rod 60 causes the piston 64 to be reciprocated, thus withdrawing the fluid from the fluid container 66`and 'foroing it through conduit 68 `into the pipeline 71. Needle valve 74 may be adjuste'dto cause a portion 'ot' the iluid delivered by the pump tobe by-passed through the aperture 73 from the valve casing 69 into the fluid-container 66,l it being understood that the size ol the aperture 73 is only suiiicient to vpermit aV 'an extent required to regulate the 'pressure of the fluid Within the pipe line 71 and cyl- For any given setting of the needle valve 7 4, the pressure Within the pipe line71 Will obviously be closely dependent upon'two factors, viz-#the main valve travel, as goveriiing'cylinder out-off,a11d the speed of the engine, `and as these tivo lfactors are fairly indicative of the exhaust steam pressure, the ypressure ofthe fluid, Within the pipe line 71 and cylinder 72,`th`ereforechanges in accordance with variations of the pressure of the exhaust steam.

n As the cut-oil of thev main valve of the env gine is regulated by the reverse lever of ythe locomotive, Fig. 7 shows another forni of'aii installation in which the Aposition of the lever 24 is controlled by the position of the re- 'the arm 82 of the bell cranlr rever in enOaOe- V t3 b ment with a stop 37, as shop-n in Fig. 7. When the lever 8O is thrown to Vthe normal forward Working position, the lug 34 will engage the arm 83 of the bell crank and move the lever 24 topositioiis corresponding to the positions of the reverse lever, thereby making the positions ot theracks 2O and coliseque'iitly the spider 34 dependent, upon the positions of the reverse lever. I have hereinabove shoivn various means for operating, lin accordance with exhaust steam conditions,

the spideil 34 which, in cooperation With the main steam nozzle 11, controls the passage ot exhaust steam through the. injector. Oneof' these means includes cylinder and'piston (Fig. 2), the latter being under the direct influence of the exhaust steam. @thers ot these means are parts of the engine, the movement of which is in proportion to the exhaust, steam pressure (Figs. 4t and 7), the latter being determined by such movement. llifhen l rei-er, in one et my claims, to an element ot the engine which is indicative of the exhaust steam condition, l intend to indicate therebyT all such means.

t will be understood, that the disclosure conta-ined herein is to be considered as illustrative and not in a limited senseand that changes, 'variations and modifications may be resorted to without; departing from the spirit ot my invention.

Having thus disclosed my invention, l declare that what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letter Patent ot the United States is, f

l. ln a steam injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam 'from an engine, a main exhaust steam nozzle, means to regu-- late the position ot said nozzle to vary the quantity oi"l` water passing through said injector, a member adjacent to said main noz zle and co-operating therewith to 'torni a passage for the exhaust steam flowing through said inject-or and meehanisn'iV connected with said member to control automatically the extent ot opening oif said passage in accordance with variations in the steam exhaust conditions of the engine.

2. ln a steam injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam from an engine, a main exhaust steam nozzle, means to regum late the position of said nozzle to vary the quantity oit vwater passing through said injector, a member adjacent to said main nozzle and co-operating therewith to :term a passage tor the exhaust steam flowing through said inject-or and mechanism connected with said member and the exhaust steam line and operated directly by variations in the pressure ot the exhaust steam to control automatically'the extent ot the opening ior the passage ot the exhaust steam.

3. ln a steam injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam from an engine, a main exhaust steam nozzle, means to regulate the position oi said nozzle to vary the quantity oi" water passing through said injector, a member adjacent to said main nozzle and cooperating therewith vto form a passage tor the exhaust stean'i iiowing through said injector and connections between said member aud nozzle to move them simultaneously in the san/1e directions.

it. ln a steam injector' adapted to be operated by the xhaust steam from an engine, and pr vided with means to regulate the amount etwa-ter delivered to the injector; `a valve member to regulate the extent of opening for the passage et the exhaust steam through said injector, and mechanism conw nected with said valve member to control automatically the flow oit' exhaust steam through said injector in accordance with variations in the exhaust steam conditions of the engine.

5. ln an injector ac apted to be operated by the exhaust steam from an engine, a main exhaust steam nozzle, means to move said nozzle to vary the amount of water flowing through the injector, a bushing rotatably mounted within said injector, an exhaust steamA regulating member having' screw threaded engag ment with said bushing and mechanism to rotate said bushing and move said member longitudinally ot' said nozzle.

(i. In an injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam from an engine, a main exhaust steam nozzle, means to move said nozzle to vary the amount oi water flowing through the injector, a bushing rotatably mounted within said injector, an exhaust steam regulating member having screw threaded engagen'ient with said bushing, mechanism to rotate said bushing and move said member longitudinally of said nozzle, and devices connecting said mechanism with an element ot the engine which is indicative ot the exhaust steam condition to cause said member to be actuated automatically and responsively to variations ot the steam exhaust conditions oi' the engine.

7. ln an injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam from an engine, a main exhaust steam nozzle, means to move said vnozzle to vary the amount of water flowing through the injector, a bushing rotatably mounted within said injector, an exhaust steam regulating member having screw -threaded engagement with said bushing mechanism to rotate said bushing and move said member longitudinally ot said nozzle and means'to prevent rotation of said member while permitting longitudinal movement thereof.

8. ln Lan injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam from anfengine, a pair ot screw threaded bushings rotatably mounted within said injector, a main exhaust steam nozzle having screw threaded engagement with one ot said bushings, an exhaust steam regulating member having screw threaded 'enga-gement with the other et said bushings, means to i revent'rotation of said nozzle and member while permitting longitudinal movement thereof and mechanism to rotate said bushings.

9. In an injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam from an engine, a pair of screw threaded bushings rotatably mounted within said injector, a main exhaust steam nozzle having screw threaded engagement with one ot said bushings, an exhaust steam regulating member having screw threaded engagement with the other ot' said bushings means to prevent rotation of said nozzle and member while permitting longitudinal movement thereof, the screw threads of said bushings being opposite in direction, and adjusting mechanism to simultaneously rotate said bushings in opposite directions to produce simultaneous movements ot' said vsteam nozzle and member in the saine direction longitudinally of said injector.

10. In a injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam from an'ei'igine, a pair oit screw threaded bushings rotatably mounted within said injector, a main exhaust steam nozzle having screw threaded engagement with one of saidl bushings, an exhaust steam regulating` member having screw threadedengagement with the other ot said bushings, means to prevent rotation ot said nozzle and member while permitting longitudinal movement thereof, devices tor rotating each of said bushings and connections between said devices.

11. In an injector adapted to'be operated by the exhaust steam from an engine, a pair of screw threaded bushings rotatably mount'- ed within said injector, a main exhaust steam nozzle having screw threaded engagement with one ot said bushings, an exhaust steam regulating member having screw threaded engagement with the other of said bushings, means to prevent rotation ot said nozzle and member while permitting longitudinal movement thereof, devices for rotating each of said bushings, connections between said devices, and an adjustable rod connected with said connections to produce a simultaneous adjustment of said nozzle and member.

l2. In an injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam-from an engine, a controlling device to regulate the. amount of water delivered to said injector, a member toy control the extent ot the opening through which the exhaust steam flows in its passage through the injector, mechanism toroperating said controlling device and member including connection between said devicev and member and a manually adj ustably rod connected with said mechanism to produce simultaneously proportional adjustments of the said controlling device and member.

13. In an injector adapted to be operated `by the exhaust steam from an engine, a

controlling device to regulate the amount of water delivered to the injector, a member adjacent to said controlling device and deiining therewith a passage through which the exhaust steam passes in flowing through the injector, mechanism connected with said member to operate it automatically in recontrolling the flow ot exhaust steam,

through said injector andv mechanism connected with the exhaust steam line of the engine and said member for automatically controlling the position of said member re.- sponsively to the variations in the pressure within said exhaust steam line.

15. In a steam injector adapted t0 be operated by the exhaust steam from an engine,

and, having` a main steam nozzle and a' water cone adjacent thereto, a conduit to by-pass a portion otthe steam around said main steam nozzle and water cone, a member adjacent to said main steam nozzle and cooperating therewith to form a restricted passage for the steam flowing to said main nozzle, mechanism connected with said member to control automatically the extent of opening oit' said restrictedI passage in accordance with variations in the steam exhaust conditions ot the engine, and a valve connected with said member and extending towards the opening of said conduit to control the quantity of steam by-passed about said main steam nozzle and water cone inv accordance with the extent of opening of said restricted passage.

16. In an injector adapted to be operated by the exhaust steam from an engine, a pair of screw threaded bushings rotatably mounted within said injector, a main exhaust steam nozzle having screw threaded engagement with Ione of said bushings, a member having screw threaded engagement with the other of said bushings, means to prevent rotation of said nozzle and member while permitting longitudinal movement thereof, the screw threads of said bushings being opposite in direction, and of different pitch, an adjustable ro-d to rotate simultaneously said bushings in opposite directions to produce simultaneous movements of said member and steam nozzle in the same direction but of dilierent extent longitudinally of said injector.

nUDoLr M. os'rnRMANN.

Images