US1580223A - Method of and device for temperature compensation - Google Patents

Description

April 13 192s.

C. E. SUMMERS MET-HOD OF AND DEVICE F'Qm TEMPERATURE COMPEYSATION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 [271.7527 02- (LM 5 W Filed Jan. 17. 1923 A ril'13,1926. 1,580,223

2 C. E SUMMERS METHOD OF ANDDEVICE FOR TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION Filed Jan. 17, 1923 2 sheets-sheet 2 w a Q w w L 1 3 0 1 w w %7//IIIII/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJI III 1 Y llllllllllllllllllllllllllll/ll/lll/llla .[ZZZZZYE'SSES ZHUEHZDZ" WW W C2121? Z. W

Patented Apr. 13, 1926.

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' Application filed Ianuaty 11,4933; Serial :xb. 613,250.

To aZ Z whom it may concern: I a

Be. it known that I, GALE SUMMnRs, --a citizen of the United States of America. 51esiding at Dayton, county cf Montgomery, and State of :Qhjio new and iuseful Improvements in Methcds o f endiDevies-for'Temperature:Qomp nsfliqn,

plied to va-1ve mechanism, is to-decrease of which the --01310W-i=n-g is a if tl-l, clear, and ex-actdeseript-ioni f i This invention :l eiaiffis to improvements in methods of and devices tor temperature compensation and inits pneferi ed term reiaites more: specifically to valve operating mechanism for :intennztl combustion engines and1mea'ns foricompensati ng {tor-changes in adjustment produced therein by changes in temper-atu-i e. Among preserve a the adjusted deletion in 3 operating mechanism which relation nonna llyj tends to vary with the .vaniatien oftemperatnre. v Another bj c cf t e inv ntion; w e -1: 1;:-

noise in such mecha sm woccasienledy change in adjustment which is caused :by

variation in opera-tingtemperature.

Still another object is the elimination of variation in valve clearances and;consequent changes in valve timing due to increase .01 decrease-1ntemperature. a a 4- {Vlth these and ether 1ob ects-1n view the invention compm-sesmea ns caused to be actuin temperature which means compensates for the differentialgexpansion-of diiterent portions of the mechanism, for example, valve stems and push mods, and main tains the adjustment which has vbeenagn-a'de previous to temperaturechange., For example, the means V-t-ends .to inaintain the adjusted' alignment of "the top egt the p sh 130d,

th cent t r cke eerm s a t end the ft d han top of-the valve stem whenrapplied te o verhead va1ve;mechani sm in internal eon b is- Qnengne ,7 t a T -in ntien w l -:mq imedilysmde tee b'yi ete-tees d t w me W s 1 @dfiaw ngs nwhie fl' p h d et c the eve tie have invented -cent;ain,

the ,objects of the Vinventien to :e s otexpan ioni i he= y1ind -1it ei y 'ie ee e esle n or .v

and es the rocker 521cm,

v 1 is a side view-of a; pair of such-air cooled ,cyhndersdoeking at ,the side upon which thepus nods ar located.

Fig. 3 is a view "of the cylinders of Fig. 2

:1oeking;atthe otherrsideh 4 .t

A ;'is at view-enwl'ogons to that 1:01 Fig. 1;, hee ing ithe inventien supplied to water cooled -ylid ns-f 2 v In the cperat'on cf ordinary engine, so, called :'ove.r

mounted 011 ;s itah1e 'shaifts, ,is carried by the cylinder ead and accordingly, is the procirqm {the end; 0;fthe push rod during the heceme much Q op enatioifl,otthegengine.v The result ot'fthi-s difference in expansion of the cylinder and [push-mod is en increase inithe adjusted clear-V iii-I106 between the upper end of therpush 170d 1 and the .end of the-rocker armiwith which it [1s designed tomoact. 0F% 9 c a an i h f -T -di f-e 1i e P o-- .;d uc'ed-.inithe valve clearance and a d lierence imingI-Q-f (the zvazlve, these difierences the lag in operation -otf v,t -he being ,due -12 N lve ceused ,cleeinance fbetiveenjit and the rocker arm. It will readily be seen th a-t such operation tends to decrease the efliciencyo of .the engine and 8 tends to c u e z el twe ve mt :withe ems' eeent 1 1i end {t see? As a (result of -such-incry-to [both "the valve Joy-the time consumed in the actien of push rod in taking t p the excessive Inithe pr' entggterm'pf the gdift o, A t ke met i r h feti h 39 e d-extend r a. a w c emit iePQ the n of hawiin et te s i-t e i'e e W free-{ h -*P l sl I: Que-Q:-

In the form of embodiment of the invention which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) there is shown an air cooled internal combustion engine cylinder at having mounted upon its head a superstructure assembly, indicated as a whole by the numeral 11, which assembly includes an intake pipe 12 common to two cylinders and an exhaust pipe 13 for each of them. The assembly also carries the valve and valve springs each indicated as a whole by the numeral 14. The assembly also carries the rocker arms 15 for operating the valves, which rocker arms are mounted on a shaft 16 mounted in a frame 17.

This frame 17 is a rigid frame provided with bearings 18 for the shaft 16 and is supported on four posts, of which, in the present instance, two are carried at each end of the superstructure assembly, as shown most clearly in Figs. 2 and 3. Of these four posts, two numbered 20, are preferably integral with the superstructure casting and of the same material. These posts 20 are of substantial size and have their upper ends rounded as shown most clearly in Figs. 1 and 4. The frame 17 is secured to the rounded upper end of post 20 by means of a short screw or bolt 21 extending through a portion of the frame and into a suitable hole in the top of the post.

The other two posts which support the frame 17 are designated by thenumeral 25 and these posts are made of a material which has a different coefficient of expansion than posts 20. In the specific form shown in the drawings, the posts 25 are made of aluminum which has a coefficient of expan sion something more than twice that of cast iron which is the usual material for engine cylinders and superstructure castings. In the form illustrated the posts 25 consist of short rods of aluminum threaded into suitable bosses on the superstructure casting at their lower ends and provided at their upper ends with reduced threaded portions which extend through suitable portions of frame 17 and are secured therein by nuts 26.

The push rods for'operating rocker arms 15 are designated by the numeral30.

In Fig. 4: the same structure is illustrated as applied to a conventional water, cooled engine cylinder. In such cylinders the same difficulties arise with overhead valve mechanism and the same solution of, the problem can be applied. Like numerals apply to like parts in this view as in the others.

In the operation of the device described above, the proper adjustment between the push "rod 30, the rocker arm 15 and the .valve 14 is made with the engine cold, and,

if the engine i'sput in operation and the various parts begln to expand from belng heated, th n pas .25, being heate to substantially the same temperature as the material of the superstructure or head of the cylinder, will expand to a considerably greater degree than do posts 20. The effect of this is to tilt the frame 17 through tance between post 25 and shaft 16, as upon this location will depend the accuracy of the compensation. It is obvious that if this line of contact is closer to post 25 than it should be, the shaft 16 will be moved downward to a greater degree than necessary to compensate for the tendency to change the adjustment, and, if close enough to post 25, may cause the valve to be held permanently open during the heated condition. On the other hand, if this line of contact is too far from the post 25, the movement of shaft 16 will be insufficient to take up the increased clearance due to higher temperatures.

It is also contemplated using a material which has a less coefiicient of expansion than the material of the cylinder and push rod and applying it in suitable fashion.

In fact it is within the purview of the invention tocompensate for change in adjustment of devices of the character mentioned occasioned by changes in temperature, by positively moving one or more of the elements as distinguished from attempts to compensate by restraining movement of parts which movement is tended to be caused by expansion or contraction with increase or decrease in temperature.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described, constitutes a preferred form of embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claim which follows.

What I claim is as follows:

In combination in an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a head therefor, a valve for closing a port in the head and opening into the cylinder, and an oscillating valve operating member for moving said valve to open said. port; two posts spaced apart from one another and extendingupwardly from said head, and which posts 'are made of the same material as said head; ai frame pivotally connectedwith the upper ends of said posts and supported i by said members; a shaft carried by said frame and whereupon said oscillating valve I operating member is supported; and another upper end thereof being connected With said post carried by said head and extending up-' frame, whereby said frame is rocked and wardly therefrom and spaced apart from saidshaft is moved toward said head as the 10 said first mentioned post, said last men- Cylinder expands due to heating thereof. tioned post being made from a material In testimony whereof I hereto aflix my having a greater coeflicien't of expansion signature. than said first mentioned posts 'and the CALEB E. SUMMERS.

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