US1574289A - Protective coating for magnesium - Google Patents
Protective coating for magnesium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1574289A US1574289A US614304A US61430423A US1574289A US 1574289 A US1574289 A US 1574289A US 614304 A US614304 A US 614304A US 61430423 A US61430423 A US 61430423A US 1574289 A US1574289 A US 1574289A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- coating
- metal
- protective coating
- anode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 15
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000001055 magnesium Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen difluoride Chemical compound FOF UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 potassium fluoride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
Definitions
- My invention relates to a protective coating for magnesium metal and high magnesium alloys.
- the coating which I produce nesium.
- the coating is produced by immersing the metal in a solution of hydrofluoric acid. This is preferably done by making the metal to be coated the anode in an electrolytic cell, in which [the electrolyte is a hydrofluoric acid solution. Although various strengths of the acid may be used, an approximately 4.8% acid solution has been found to be the most suitable.
- the metal to be coated is first cleaned by some suitable means such as by scratch brushing or by dipping in acids, preferably in dilute nitric acid. The nitric acid has the special advantage of giving the metal a very bright luster. If acid is used in cleaning, the metal must subsequently be washed well with running water. It is then ready for the coating operation.
- the article is then made the positive pole and serves as the anode of the electrolytic cell.
- the cathode of this cell may be constructed of any material which is an electrical conductor. I have found magnesium metal or carbon'to be best adapted for this purpose.
- the coating as formed on the metal from present information is believed to be either magnesium fluoride or oXy-fluoride or possibly a mixture of the two.
- the coating may also be obtained by simply allowing the metal to remain in a solution of hydrofluoric acid. The action is very slow, taking several weeks to obtaina fairly good protective coating, but the characteristics of the coating seem to be the same as those obtained in the electrolytic bath.
- Water soluble fluoride salts such as potassium fluoride, may also be used as an electrolyte in place of hydrofluoric acid. In fact, any composition may be used which under suitable conditions will liberate nascent fluorine in contact with the metal to be coated.
- direct current in the electrolytic cell alternating current can also be used.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Description
Patented Feb. 23, 1926.
UNITED STATES PATIENT OFFICE.
LEWIS J. KEELER, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 AMERICAN MAG- NESIUM CORPORATION, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.
No Drawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, Lewis J. Kinsman, a citizen of the United States, residing at Niagara Falls, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Protective Coatings for Magnesium, of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to a protective coating for magnesium metal and high magnesium alloys. The coating which I produce nesium.
by my process is practically transparent and microscopic in depth and presents a surface having the characteristic appearance of mag- This coating prevents the metal from tarnishing even under severe atmos pheric conditions.
The coating is produced by immersing the metal in a solution of hydrofluoric acid. This is preferably done by making the metal to be coated the anode in an electrolytic cell, in which [the electrolyte is a hydrofluoric acid solution. Although various strengths of the acid may be used, an approximately 4.8% acid solution has been found to be the most suitable. The metal to be coated is first cleaned by some suitable means such as by scratch brushing or by dipping in acids, preferably in dilute nitric acid. The nitric acid has the special advantage of giving the metal a very bright luster. If acid is used in cleaning, the metal must subsequently be washed well with running water. It is then ready for the coating operation. The article is then made the positive pole and serves as the anode of the electrolytic cell. The cathode of this cell may be constructed of any material which is an electrical conductor. I have found magnesium metal or carbon'to be best adapted for this purpose.
At the beginning of the coating operation, the'resistance of the cell is comparatively low. As the coating operation proceeds, the resistance increases rapidly and for this reason it has been found advisable to choose a potential .of 110 volts or higher. A.,variable resistance must be placed in series with the cell in order to control the anode current density. Although I do not limit myself to any definite anode current density, a density of one ampere per 100 square inches of anode surface has been found to be very satisfactory. Due to change in volt- IPROTECTIVE COATING FOR M'AGNESIUM.
Application filed January 22, 1923. Serial No. 614,804.
age across the cell, as explained above, it will be evident that the current will change. correspondingly unless the variable resistance is adjusted. For instance, it has been found that if the resistance is not adjusted, the current will rapidly drop from one ampere per 100 square inches of anode surface to practically zero in a period of two to five minutes after starting the current.
The coating as formed on the metal from present information is believed to be either magnesium fluoride or oXy-fluoride or possibly a mixture of the two. The coating may also be obtained by simply allowing the metal to remain in a solution of hydrofluoric acid. The action is very slow, taking several weeks to obtaina fairly good protective coating, but the characteristics of the coating seem to be the same as those obtained in the electrolytic bath. Water soluble fluoride salts, such as potassium fluoride, may also be used as an electrolyte in place of hydrofluoric acid. In fact, any composition may be used which under suitable conditions will liberate nascent fluorine in contact with the metal to be coated. Although I prefer to use direct current in the electrolytic cell, alternating current can also be used.
Havin described the various phenomena which ta e place in my process, I will now outline the details of procedure in coating a rod of magnesium or magnesium alloy. The rod is first cleaned by dipping in dilute nitric acid for approximately one half minute. The nitric acid solution remaining on the rod is then quickly washed off in running water and the rod at once supmerged in the hydrofluoric acid electrolyte of the cell. Thepositive terminal of a 110 volt direct current circuit is attached to the its alloys comprising bringing the metal in contact with nascent fluorine.
2. The process of coating magnesium and its alloys comprising bringing the metal in contact with an aqueous: solution containing hydrofluoric acid.
3. The process of forming a coating on an article of magnesium or its alloys, comprising employing the article as anode in the electrolysis of an aqueoussolution containing a compound of fluorine.
4. The process of formin a coating on 10 an article of magnesium or 1ts alloys, comthe article as anode in the electro] sis an ac ucous solution containing hy rofluoric aci 5. A magnesium or magnesium alloy article having on its surface an adherent coating comprising magnesium fluoride, which is resistant to atmospheric corrosion.
In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.
LEWIS J. KEELER.
prising employin
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US614304A US1574289A (en) | 1923-01-22 | 1923-01-22 | Protective coating for magnesium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US614304A US1574289A (en) | 1923-01-22 | 1923-01-22 | Protective coating for magnesium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1574289A true US1574289A (en) | 1926-02-23 |
Family
ID=24460667
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US614304A Expired - Lifetime US1574289A (en) | 1923-01-22 | 1923-01-22 | Protective coating for magnesium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1574289A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2766199A (en) * | 1951-07-04 | 1956-10-09 | Magnesium Elektron Ltd | Cleaning of magnesium base alloy castings |
| US3119745A (en) * | 1958-04-25 | 1964-01-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Process for preventing oxidation of nuclear reactor coolant channel magnesium sheaths |
| US3345276A (en) * | 1963-12-23 | 1967-10-03 | Ibm | Surface treatment for magnesiumlithium alloys |
| US3417004A (en) * | 1966-03-24 | 1968-12-17 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Production of aluminum, magnesium, and nickel fluoride films by anodization |
| US4184926A (en) * | 1979-01-17 | 1980-01-22 | Otto Kozak | Anti-corrosive coating on magnesium and its alloys |
| US5240589A (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1993-08-31 | Technology Applications Group, Inc. | Two-step chemical/electrochemical process for coating magnesium alloys |
| US5264113A (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-11-23 | Technology Applications Group, Inc. | Two-step electrochemical process for coating magnesium alloys |
| US5266412A (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-11-30 | Technology Applications Group, Inc. | Coated magnesium alloys |
| US5470664A (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1995-11-28 | Technology Applications Group | Hard anodic coating for magnesium alloys |
| US20060102484A1 (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Woolsey Earl R | Anodization process for coating of magnesium surfaces |
-
1923
- 1923-01-22 US US614304A patent/US1574289A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2766199A (en) * | 1951-07-04 | 1956-10-09 | Magnesium Elektron Ltd | Cleaning of magnesium base alloy castings |
| US3119745A (en) * | 1958-04-25 | 1964-01-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Process for preventing oxidation of nuclear reactor coolant channel magnesium sheaths |
| US3345276A (en) * | 1963-12-23 | 1967-10-03 | Ibm | Surface treatment for magnesiumlithium alloys |
| US3417004A (en) * | 1966-03-24 | 1968-12-17 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Production of aluminum, magnesium, and nickel fluoride films by anodization |
| US4184926A (en) * | 1979-01-17 | 1980-01-22 | Otto Kozak | Anti-corrosive coating on magnesium and its alloys |
| US5240589A (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1993-08-31 | Technology Applications Group, Inc. | Two-step chemical/electrochemical process for coating magnesium alloys |
| US5470664A (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1995-11-28 | Technology Applications Group | Hard anodic coating for magnesium alloys |
| US5264113A (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-11-23 | Technology Applications Group, Inc. | Two-step electrochemical process for coating magnesium alloys |
| US5266412A (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-11-30 | Technology Applications Group, Inc. | Coated magnesium alloys |
| US20060102484A1 (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Woolsey Earl R | Anodization process for coating of magnesium surfaces |
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