US1572612A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 9 1926.

CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR Filed Ju'ne 2.1925 5 sneetssneet s Ail Y l W. C. LAUGHLIN CENTRIFUGAL sEPARATnR med June 2, 1925 5 Sneetslshee 4 t Feb. 9 1926.

w. c. LAUGHLIN `GNTRIFUGHM. sEPARAToR Filed June 2;'1925 l 5` speetpghet g //AY//////// W MUM @rf I V ATTORNEY I i specification.

Patented Feb.`9, 1926.

UNITED STAT-Es PA'rflaur 'OFFICE-f.

WILLIM c. LAUGHLIN, or Nnwyonx, N. Y., Assreuonro LAUGHLIN FIL'rnneoR-l PORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

A CORPORATION or DELAWARE.

CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR.

Application filed .Tune 2, 1925. Seria1 No. 34,301.

To aZZ whom t may Concern;-

lie4 it known that I, WILLIAM C. LAUGHLIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new' and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Separatore, of which the following is a `Thisfi-nvention relates to the separationof materials by centrifugal action and particularly the `separation of solids from liquids.

Special objects of thel invention are to effect continuous automatic separation with a minimumzexpenditure 'of energy, rapidly andas thoroughly asmay be required and with 4relatively simple, entirely practlcal apparatus. The foregoing and other objects are attainedby certain novel features of 'construction, combinations and relations of parts, hereinafter referred to inthe specification and llustratedin the drawings accompa'nying-v and forming part of such specification.

The drawings illustrate the invention as embodied in 4practical commercial form,

with some modifications and it is to be understood that further modifications in structure4 may be made without departure from the spirit and scope o f the invention as hereinafter defined and broadly claimed'.l

.Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete apparatus. -V

Figure2is abroken plan of one of the transmission gear sets by which differential rotation of theparts is effected.

Figure B'islan enlarged vertical sectional view ofthe main portion of the machine vshown in Figure l( f Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view of thel separator as taken on' substantiallyv the plane of line 1-44 of Figure 3. l

Figure 5 is aperspective view of one of 5 the Scrapers for clearing the portsand Withdrawing .the separated solid matter.

Figure 6 isa further enlarged broken sectional vieu7 as on the line'6-6 of Figure et, illustrating particularly the -relation of the scraper to the other parts.

V Figure T is a transverse sectional view through the-central liquid discharge portion of the machine as on substantially vthe plane of line 7--7 of Figure 3. A

Figures 8, 9 and 10 are broken longitudinal sectional -views illustrating some modifications' in the structure and operation of the separator.

In the general view, Figure 1, the rotatingcasing or bowl'of the centrifugal is indicated 'at 1 carried by a shaft 2 journaled in suitable .'-bearings'in the gear casings 3 and 4, mounted'lat opposite sides of the casing on a base 5. lThe material to be treated is shown asfed` from tanks 6 by suitable piping 7.` into one end .of the shaft,

which latter for driving purposes is equipped with a sprocket gear`8. 'A1-Water box 9y is shown surrounding the central portion vof the casing for taking off the liquid mattei' and the solid matter is taken oli' from the annular discharge throats 10, 11 atthe ends of the casing, the removal of such solids being facilitated by scoops 12 positioned to receive vand carry' off such solids.

The supply end of the shafting is shown 1n `Figure 3 as having a bore 13 terminating in radialports or passages 14. These ports open into an annular distributing chamber 15 whichat its outer periphery is in 'communicationy by an annularfportl 16 with the primary separating chamber 17. The front Wall V18 of this separating chamber is shown as of conicalform and as having the discharge mouth 10 provided at the center of the same. i

The partition 19 defining the rearward` A.vides with the companion wall 18, an annular passage 21 converging toward the center and terminating in inwardly inclined 4ports 22 opening into an annular chamber 23,.

Outwardly inclined ports 24: located at A greater radial distances from the center thanv the ports 22 openfrom the innermost annular chamber 23 into an loutwardly divergent annular channel 25 provi-dedbetween the Wallsv 26, and opening at the periphery of the bowl into the final separating chamber 27. The

uter Wall28 of this final separating chamber is shown as of conical form `similar to the. other end wall 18 -and as having'the secondary discharge mouth 11 provided at the center of the same. An annular port 29 provides a way froml the last separating chamber to a liquid collecting chamber 30 which is in communication, by Way of inclined tubes 31, with an outside collecting chamber 3 2 having nozzles 33 operating 1n lll the V channel 34 of the water box, said channel having ports 35 opening from this gutter into the interior of the boX. The liquid is water boX by piping at 36.

By the flow described the separation is started at the point of entry and is continued substantially up to the point of discharge.. The divergent conical wall 37 outlining theinner collecting chamber 15, by reason of its flare acts as -a distributing and separating surface, accelerating the flow o f the solids through the annular discharge 16. Further acceleration is produced bythe outward flow over the flange or partition 19 in the primary separating chamber 17 and concentration of the solids in this chamber is effected by. the collection of the solids against the outer cylindrical confining wall 38. With the bulk of the solids removed, the liquid contents flow readily through the convergent annular channel 21. The ports 22 at the inner end of this channel slow up this iow sufficiently to permit entrained solid matter, not taken in the firstchamber, to be again subjected to centrifugal action and so be withdrawn into the outer annular portion of that chamber. From the inner collecting chamber 23 the fluid passes through the flaring channel 25 into the outer peripheral portion of the second separating .chamber 27. The flow of liquidfrom this last chamber through the annular channel 29 into theV inner collecting chamber 30 is sufficiently retarded to enable finer solids which may yet be entrained at this time to be subjected to the centrifugal action enough to force the same outward into the main body of col-- lectedl matter. The rate. of rotation will largely. govern this separating actionl and usually this is so fixed and the parts are so proportioned that the liquid flowing from linner chamber 3() through .tubes 31 into the the cooperative action of the casing-and a' series of guides 40, Figures 4, 5 and 6,'inclined from the outer peripheral portion vof the separating chamber, inwardly to thel annular discharge mouth, said guides being in the form ofblades fitting closely the walls of thc separating chamber and rotating in the same direction with but at a different rate of speed than the casing. These guides are shown as projecting substantially. tangentially from rthe face of a fiange 41v carried by a sleeve 42 journaled to rotate freely on the supporting shaft.

The differential rotation of this sleeve is effected in the illustrationby the gearing shown particularly in Figures 2 and 3 and shown as taken off from the bottom of the involving herringbone gears 43 on the outer end of the sleeve engaged by similar gears 44 on shaft 45, which latter carries herringbone gears 46 engaged by like gears 47 on the main shaft. As a set of the guide blades is provided in each of the main separating chambers in the present disclosure, one of these. differential geartransmissions is provided at each end of the main shaft, indicated inFigure 1 at 3 and 4.

The differential transmissionsare so designed and operated in the present disclosure to drive the inwardly inclined guides at a. slower rate of speedthan the casing, creating an overrunning effect ofthe casing which causes the separating solid matter to crowd against the rear faces of the guides and be thereby deflected inwardly toward the discharge mouth, as indicatedby the arrows in Figure 4.

-The fitting ofthe guides to the inner walls of the separating chambers'and their rotation atdifterent speed from the separating chambers causes them to act as Scrapers for continuously clearing the walls o-f the Chamber. This effect is utilized to keep the annular port 16 clear byproviding one or more of the blades with a' laterally projectinging 48l operating in said port and in lsimilar-fashion, the outer portion -V of the channel 21 at the back of the separating chamber is kept clear by annular projecting blades 49 operating in such space.

The scraping blades 49 are shown made as separate elements removably: bolted at 50 to lugs 51 on the forward sides of the mainblades 40 so that they can be readily removed or replaced and so that they are positionedt where they do notjinterrupt the inclination at which they areset provides outwardly inclined passages 52 for directing lighter solids in the outer end of channel 21 outwardly into the main separating chamber in advance of the main guides, as indicated Figure 4,` so that said supplemental blades materially assist in returning entrained solids to the mass of solids collecting in the main chamber.

One of the simple and practical methods of constructing the bowl with its various assages and partitions is shown in detail in igure 3 where the cylindrical body or barrel of the casing is shown carried by an in-- termediate web made up of two wide flanges 53, 54 connected at their rims to the cylindrical shell portions 38, 55 and provided at their centers with hubs 5G, 57 keyed at 72 on-an enlarged section 58 of the shaft. The inclined outer walls of the chambers 15, 30

vandthe annular partitions 19, 26 are shown carried .by the fianges 59, 60 engaged overthe hubs 56, 57 and secured by the through bolts 61. Additional bolts 62 secure the Web flanges together at a point inside the periph- 4-eral discharge chamber 32 and bolts 63 seiiang'es 66, 67, .engaged on screw threaded shoulders 68 at the ends o-the enlarged shaft-section, serving as additional means for binding the structure together. The end heads 18, 28m which the discharge throats are formed are shown as bolted to the ends of the cylindrical shell sections by the rows of fastenings at 69. This provides .a suitable, balanced structure which can be rotated safely at the speed necessary for centrifugal action. 4

The sleeve or tubular shafting carrying the solids removing blades is shown made in sections connected by flanged joints at 70.

Various modicationscoming within the scope of the invention may be made to adapt vthe structure tomany purposes or tothe handling of different materials. Thus instead of admitting the iiuid over theface of the rdistributing ange'19 as in Figure 3, the

mixture'may be admitted in back'of such liiange as indicated in Figure 8, said flange .being here designated 19*1 and the inner chamber 15 being shown as opening directly into the rearward portion of the separating chamber 17 by an annular radially extensive channel 71; This arrangement permits the lighter substances toreverse andlow inwardly through the channel-21a Without having first to pass outward to the rim of the separatingchamber as in the first form.

lVith the structure modified as in Figurek '9, the inner central chamber 23a is made a receiving chamber with the supply'ports 14 opening directly thereinto and from this chamber the ilow divides, passing outwardly through ports 22, 24.x1 and channels 21a, 25a directly into the separating chambers 17 a, 27 a. In this ease the side chambers 15'f, 80%i are collectingv chambers for the liquid which enters by the annular ports 16, 29a flowing from such chambers by tubes 311v into the discharge chamber 32.

' Figure 10 illustrates a structural modiiication in which the material is entered from both ends ot' the shafting and in which the action in both separating chambers is the same'. 'Here thei'eed channel from the opposite end of the shaft is designated 13a and since the action at both sides is the same as in Figure, to the inner chamber-23, similar reference characters have been used. In this larating chambers in the opposite en 4 tions of the same, .adischarge chamber in- Y 120 sages from saidV separating chambers to said intermediate discharge chamber, includingI ca se the central chamber 23 becomes a receiver for the liquid from both sepa-rating chambers and discharges by ports 72 direetly 'into the outer discharge chamber 32.

.T he action in all forms of the invention is rapld, continuous and unimpeded so that 4the machine is of high1 eiiiciency and has a greater output as compared'to other ma-' chines in this class. The discharge of -the heavier or solid materials from both `endsof rial from the' intermediate peripheral portion increases the capacity of the machine 'and separates the liquids yfrom the lsolids so that an same.

disposition may be `made of the y dischargingV from opposite ends,

a selective separation may be effected, the' heavier grade solids being taken off at the iirst end of the machine -and. the --lighter grade solids being discharged at the oppo-A site end. The inclinedguides rotating con- .mg action and through their crowding ef feet on the material, aid in compactmg and -themachine and the lighter or liquid matefI drying the material on its Way to the discharge throats.

`What is claimed is:

1. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary casing having concentric discharge `throats at opposite ends of the 'same anda peri heral discharge intermediate said ends, a eo lector surrounding said peripheral discharge and supply means discharging into the casing.

2. In centriugal apparatus, a rotaryy casing having centrifugal separating chambers in opposite end portions of the same, said .chambers provided -With annular dischar throats, the casing having a peripheral d1scharge intermediate the end chambers and provided with iiow passages from said end l cs j separating chambers to said intermediatel f discharge. y

8. In centrifugal apparait.. la rotary c'asf ing having independently di'schargin separating chambers in the opposite en portions of the same, a discharge chamber intermediate said end chambers and iiow pas sages from said separating chambers to said f intermediate` discharge chamber.

4. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary casing. having independently dischargin sepnication withgboth separating chambers.

- 5. In centrifugal apparatus,.a rotary casing having separating chambers in. the op.

posite end portions of `thesame provided with discharge throats, annular chambers oi less diameter than the separatmg chambers 1n communication with said separating :1a. um.

chambers, a collecting chamber intermediate said annular chambers, a peripheral disposite end portions of the same provided with discharge throats, annular chambers of of less diameter than the-separating chambers in communication with said separating chambers, a collecting chamber intermediate said annular chambers, a peripheral discharge chamber about said collecting chamber and fiow passages establishing communi-- cation between said chambers, including convergent-annular channels extending from the separating chambers to the collecting chamber.

7. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary casing having separated chambers in the opposite end 4po-rtions of the saine provided with discharge throats, annular .chambers of less diameter than the separating chambers in communication with' said Vseparating chambers, a collecting chamber intermediate said annular chambers, a peripheral discharge chamber about said collecting chamber and fiow passages establishing communication between said chambers, including convergent annular channels extending from the separating chambers to the collecting chamber, with flow reducing ports at the inner ends of said channels.

8. In centrifugal apparatus, a shaft having a supply passage terminating in a dischargeport or ports, a casing mounted on said shaft having a receiving chamber around said port or ports, separating chambers in said casing provided with discharge orifices at opposite ends of the casing and fiow passages in the casing providing coininunication between the receiving chamber and separating chambers.

9. In centrifugal apparatus, a shaft having a supply passage terminating in a dis-' chai-ge port or ports, a casing mounted on said shaft having a receiving chamber around said port or ports, separating chambers in said casing provided with discharge orifices at opposite-ends of the casing, How

passages in the casingproviding communicationV between the receiving chamber and' separating chambers and a discharge cham ber in thercasing intermediate theseparatport or ports orifices 'at opposite ends of the casing, flow l passages in the casingproviding communication between the receiving chamber and separating chambers, a discharge chamber in the casing intermediate the separating chambers, incon'imunication with the latter and having a discharge -port or ports at the periphery. of the casing and an annular collecting chamber surrounding the intermediate portion' of the casing and having a communicating discharge receiving trough surrounding the peripheral discharge port or ports of the casing. Y

11. In 'centrifugal apparatus, a shaft, a casing-having an intermediate web supporting the saine on theshaft and forming a partition defining separating chambers in the opposite end portions of the casing, vsaid fices about the shaft and defining discharge mouths for the separating chambers, said web further defining an annular discharge chamber at the peripheral portion of the casing between the two end separating chambers.A

13. In centrifugal apparatus, a shaft, hub sections engaged in abutting relation onl said shaft and provided with flanges defining between them an annular chamber andl carrying peripheral walls, end plates secured to said peripheral walls provided. with discharge throats surrounding the shaft and forming in conjunction with the peripheral walls and hub fianges, centrifugal separatingchambers. L i

14. In centrifugal apparatus, a shaft, hub sections engaged in abutting relation on said shaft and provided with flanges defining between them an annular chamber and carrying peripheral walls-end plates secured to said peripheral walls provided with discharge throats surrounding the shaft and forming in conjunction with theperiplieral .walls and hub fianges, centrifugal separating chambers and fianges engaged on the hub sections and forming in conJunction with the hub flanges, annular passages open to 'the separating chambers. ing chambers, in communication with the.

15. In centrifugal apparatus, a shaft, hub sections engaged in abutting relation on said shaft and provided with fianges defining between tliein an annular chamber and carry- ,ing peripheral-walls, end plates secured to Saidperipheral walls. rovided with dischargethroats surroun ing the shaf't and forming in conjunction with the peripheral walls and hub flanges, centrifugal separating chambers, flanges engaged on thehubsections and forming in conjunction with thehub flanges, annular passages 'open to the separatingchambers and flanges at the ends of the hubs providing addition al vchannels in communication with the separating cham- 16. In centrifugal apparatus, a shaft having anenlarged section. with screw threaded shouldered portions at opposite ends of the "same, hubs engaged on said enlarged shaft section-having flanges carrying casing walls and flanges engaged on the screw threaded portions of the shaft at the ends of the hubs and forming partitions within the casing so formed.

@17. In centrifugal apparatus, a shaft having'an enlarged section with .screw threaded shouldered portions at' opposite ends of the same, hubs engaged on said enlarged shaft section having flanges carrying casingwalls and flanges engaged on the screw threaded portions ofthe shaft at the ends of thehubs and forming .partitions within the casing so formed and flanges on .the hubs at opposite sides ofthe hub flanges forming in conjunction with the hub flanges and the end flanges, flow passages within the casing.

18. In centrifugal apparatus, a supporting shaft, hub sections on said shaft having".

flanges cooperating-:to form innerand outer annular chambers, peripheral walls carried,

by said flanges, end walls carried b said peripheral walls and `forming therewith, in

conjunction with the hub flanges, separating chambers, said end walls having discharge throats surrounding the shaft and flow pas'- sagesproviding communication between the vinner and outer annularchambers and the separating chambers. l 19. 'In centrifugal apparatus, a supporting shaft, hub sections -on said shaft having flanges cooperating to form inner and outer' annular chambers, peripheral walls carried by saidflanges, end walls carried by said peripheral walls and yforming therewith, in conjunction with the hub flanges, separating Mchambers, `said end walls havingv discharge throats surrounding the shaft, 'flow passages l`providing communication between the inner and outer annular chambers and the separating chambers and flanges at the opposite sides of the hub flanges forming. annular chambers in communication with4 theseparating chambers.A

rating chambers and langesat the opposite sides of the hub flanges forming annular chambers in communication with the separating chambers, the shaft having a supply passage therein opening -into one of said last named annular chambers.

2l. In centrifugal apparatus, a .support-1 ing shaft,i hub sections on said shaft having flanges cooperating to form inner and outer annular chambers, peripheral walls carried by said flanges, end walls carried by said peripheral walls and forming therewith, in

conjunction with the hubilanges, separating.

chambers, said end walls having discharge throats surrounding the shaft. flow passages.

providing communication between lthe inner 4andV outer annular chambers and the separating chambers'and flanges atthe opposite sides of the hub flanges forming annular. chambersin communication withthe separating chambers, the shaft having a passage therein opening into one vof said last named annularv chambers, the other of .said annular chambers being closed to the shaft passageand provided with discharge outlets opening into the outer annular chamber lfirst mentioned.

22. In centrifugal apparatus, hub sections having outstanding flanges defining between them inner and outer annular chambers, peripheral wall sections carried bythe v flanges 4at the sides of lthe outer annular chamber and end walls carried by the peripheral wallshaving concentric discharge throats.

23. In centrifugal casing having an annular chamber1 in the intermediate portion of the same, flaring apparatus, a rotary l annular channels extending from said intermediate chamber toward the ends of the casing and separating chambers in the end portions of the 4casing in communication with said flaring channels.

24;. .In centrifugal apparatus, a substan'v tiallyv cylindrical casing, heads applied'to: the ends of said casing Iand provided with vconcentric discharge throats, a supply conduit opening into the'axial portion of said casing and an internal web intermedi-ate the ends of the casing having a hub for mounting the casing on a shaft.

25. In centrifuga-l apparatus," a separating drum having separating chambers provided with independent discharge vthroats at the opposite ends of the drum, flow passagesin the, intermediate portion of the drumhetween said separating chambers. a discharge chamber in 'the intermediate portion of the i drum and tubular conduits intercepting they flowy passages and opening into said discharge chamber. j

.26. In centrifugal apparatus, .a rotary drum havin g concentric discharge throats in opposit-e ends of the same and provided with internal annular partitions defining sepas,

. rating chambers in the opposite end portions of the drum and inclined iiow passages open to said chambers.

27. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary drum having separat-ing chambers with independent discharge throats in the opposite ends of the drum, an annular discharge chamber in the peripheral portion of theV drum intermediate the separating chambers and inclined annular channels, open to the separating chambers and convergent toward the intermediate section of the drum.

28. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary drum having separating chambers with independent discharge throats in the opposite' ends of the drum,-an annular discharge chamber in vthe peripheral portion of the drum intermediate the separating chambers, inclined annular channelsopen to the separating chambers and convergent toward the intermediate sect-ion of the drum and an annular collecting chamber interposed betweensai convergent channels and open to the same.`

29. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary drum having' separating chambers with independent discharge throats'in the opposite same and annular. chambers in the interends of the drum, an annular x discharge chamber in the` peripheral .portion ofl theI drum intermedi-ate the separating chambers, inclined annular channels open to the separating chambers and convergent toward the intermediate section of the drum, an annuylar collecting chamber interposed between said convergent channels and open tothe mediate axial portion of the drum open to the end separating chambers. f

30. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary drum having separating chambers with independent discharge throats in the opposite ends of the drum, an annular discharge chamber in the peripheral' portion of the drum intermediate the separating chambers, inclined annular channelsopen to the separating chambers and convergent toward the intermediate section of the drum, an annular collecting chamber interposed between said convergent channels and open to the same, annular chambers in the intermediateV axial portion of the drum open to, the end separating chambers, a shaft supporting the ydrum and having a supply passage opening into one of said axial annular chambers and connections from the other axial chamber opening into the discharge chamber.l

- 31. In centrifugal apparatus, a, rotary drum having separating chambers in the end portions of the same provided with independent concentric discharge throatsin the opposite ends -of the ydrum andv annular chambers in the intermediate axial portion of the drum having annular ports providing communication between said axial cham-v bers-,and the separating chambers.

32. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary drum having separating chambers in the end portions of the same provided with inde# pendent concentric discharge throats in the opposite ends ofthe drum, annular chambers 1n the intermediate axial portion of the drum having annular ports providing vcommunication between Said axial chambers and the separating chambers and channels providing communication between the end separating chambers extending about said axial chambers.

33. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary drum having separating chambers in the end portions ,of the same provided with independent concentric discharge tliroats in the opposite ends of the drum, annular chambers in the intermediate axial portion of the drum having annular ports providing communication between said axial chambers and the separating chambers and an annular -of th'edrum in communication with the separating chambers and flow passages providing communication between the end' chambers and located. in the intermediate ortion Aof the, drum between the louter peripheral gischarge chamber.l and the inner axial chamers.

35. .In centrifugal apparatus, -a drum" having concentric discharge throat in one end of the drum, an annular discharge chamber in the peripheral portion of the drum and flow passages from the separ'atingchamber to the rotary discharge chamber, including a channel inf. `clined radially inward from the outer peripheral portion of thel separating chamber.

36. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary a separating chamber with a` drum having a separating chamber with a Y concentric discharge throat in one end of the drum, an annular discharge chamber in the peripheral lportion of the drum, flow passages from the separating chamber to the discharge chamber, including 4a channel inclined radially inward from the outer peripheral portion of the separating cham* ber and an annular receiving chamber in the axial portion of the drum in communication with the separating chamber. l

37. In centrifugal apparatus, a rotary drum having separatingchambers inopposite end portions of the same, shafting supporting said drum, material guides Within said chambers and differential gear sets operated by the shafting at opposite ends of the drum for rotating said guides -in the same direction asbut at a different rate of speed from the drinn.

. 38. In centrifugal apparatus, -a rotary drum having discharge throats at opposite' ends of the same, means for Iwithdrawing material through said throats and differential gear sets at opposite ends of the drum for rotating said 'withdrawing means at a different rate of speed than the drum.

39. In centrifugal apparatus, a shaft, a drum mounted'onsaid shaft having a separating chamber in one end provided with a discharge throat surrounding the shaft, a sleeve rotatably engaged on said shaft, guides carried by said sleeve extending into theseparatinfr chamber andinclined from the peripheral portion. of the same toward the discharge throat and means for rotating the shaft and sleeve at different speeds to effect a travel of matter 'separated i-n the chamber along the guides to the'discharge throat.

40. Inicentrifugal apparatus, a shaft, a drum mounted on said shaft having a separating chamber in one end provided with a discharge'throat surrounding the shaft, asleeve rotatably engagedon said shaft, guides carried by said sleeve extending into the'separatino' chamber and inclined from portion of the same toward along the inclined throat.

4l. In centrifugal apparatus, a shaft,- a

guides to the discharge drum on 4said shaft having separating chambers in the opposite end- 'portlons of the` "same with discharge throats 'surrounding the shaft, sleeves rotatably engaged on the shaft, guides carried by said sleeves extending into the separating chambers and inclined fromfthe ,peripheral portions of the same toward the discharge throats and means forrotating the' drum and the sleeves i 'at dierents'peeds.

42. In centrifugal apparatus, a sha-ft, a

\ drum on said' shaft having separating cham- .bers ini the opposite end portions of the lsame with discharge throatsv surrounding the shaft, sleeves rotatably engaged on the shaft, guides carried by said sleeves extend'- .ing into the separating Ichambers and in c lih'ed from the peripheral portions ofthe same toward the discharge throats and means for rotating the drum and sleeves 'in .the same direction but the drumV 'at greater speed than the sleeves.

43. In centrifugal .,apparatus, arotary drum provided with separating chambers in opposite ends of the same,said chambers having concentric discharge throats, material withdrawing meansconcentrieally mounted Witliin 'the chambers extendingv from the peripheral portions of vsaid cham- .means sleeved upon the shaft and operating to direct material in the drum toward the 'end discharge throats and back-gearing at the opposite ends of the shaft for drivingV the sleeves of the material directing means in the same direction as the shaft but at reduced speed.

45. Incentrifugal apparatus, a'y separatingdru'm having opposed radially extensive Walls anda peripheral Wall defining a sepa-` rating chamber, one of the radially extenysive Walls having a discharge throat at the axial portion of the same, a material guide within the separating chamber shaped-'toy fit the Walls defining said chamber,` .jid

guide extending from the peripheral pon' tion toward the discharge throat' andmeans for rotating said'guide concentrically with respect to the drum but4 at, a lesser rate of speed. r i

'46. In centrifugal apparatus, a sha-ft, a separating drum mounted on said shaft and having a separating chamber provided with a concentric dischargethroat at the axialportion of 'the same, a sleeve journaled on said shaft, inclined blades on the sleeve fitted to the Walls of the separating chamber and extending from the peripheral portieri thereof toward the discharge throat anll means for driving the sleevefrom the shal'i in the same direction but at lesser speed than theshaft.`

4:7. In centrifugal 'A apparatus,- a separat* ing drum having .a separating chamber and a-supply chamber discharging into the separating chamber.- through an annular orifice and a separating blade rotating,r Within the separating chamberiand having an :extension traveling in said annular discharge orifice.y 1 l f t 48. 4Infcentrifugalapparatus,-a separating .drum having a separating chamber -and al supply chamber discharging into the separati-ng chamber through an annular" orifice. and a separating blade rotating Within the separating chamber'and. having an extension traveling in said annular 'discharge prince', f said" drum further "havi'ng a flovv` 4passage' extendingjfrom `the sepaamber and.y an.V rinclined extensionv las on the separat-ing blade operating in sai' flow passage.

' 49. Invoentrifugal apparatus, a separating drum having an annular separating chamber `With an axial discharge throat 1n one end of the drum and avflow passage at the backof said separa-ting ehamber,'

means for supplying material to the separating chamber including an annular orificey in one Wall of the separating chamber anal/"10 VILLIAM C. LAUGHLIN.

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