US1558510A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 27, 1925.

UNITED STATES CLARENCE A, SEALER, or WAUPUN, WISCONSIN.

BURNER.

Application filed October 12, 1921' Serial No. 507,346. I

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE A. SHALER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Waupun, county of Dodge, and State of Wisconsin, have invented new and useful Improvements in Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to burners for hydrocarbon, and is particularly directed to kerosene burners.

Objects of this invention are to provide a burner which will produce a perfect mixture; to provide a burner so constructed that an adequate and proper amount of air is ensured; to provide a burner which secures intimate mixing, at a plurality of points, of the air and fuel; to provide a burner which has a primary mixing operation and a secondary mixing operation; and to provide a burner which will produce a substantially colorless or slightly bluish flame with no resulting fumes from unburnt material.

Further objects are to provide a burner which will produce a very stable flame; to provide a burner which may be placed in a strong draft without danger of extinguishing the flame; .and to provide a burner of" such construction that external currents of air, altho directly strikingthe burner, will at most merely aid in the rapidity of combustion.

Further objects are to provide a burner which may be formed from a comparatively simple casting, which is provided with adequate means for cleaning the burner from any deposits that may occur; to provide means for draining the burner when it is desired, and to provide a burner with readily renewable parts, so that if any part becomes worn or damaged itmay be quickly and easily replaced. a

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a plan, partly in section, of the burner.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional elevation of the structure shown in Figure 1.

The burner comprises a body portion which may be. formed from a single casting, and is providedwith a bottom wall 1 and top wall 2, and concentric inner and outer circular walls 3 and 4. A cavity 5 of annular contour .is thereby provided between theseiwalls. Both the upper wall 2 and outer wall 4 extend upwardly to provide upper flanges 6. A baffle plate consisting of a relatively small disc 7 centrally positioned above the upper wall is integrally joined to. such flanges 6 by means of a pair of outwardly projecting tongues 8. The outer wall 6, at one side, projects to form acavity 9 into which an elbow-joint 10 is screwed. From this elbow joint a supply pipe 11 ex tends transversely across the upper portion of the burner and above the connecting tongues 8. This supply pipe is preferably downwardly turned as indicated at '12 upon the opposite side of the burner and extends from this point to a supply tank which contains the fuel under pressure.

A duct or passage way 13 extends down wardly from the interior of the cavity 5 and is provided with a relatively short upwardly projecting protecting flange or shoulder 14. The lower portion oil this duct is threaded and receives the neck 15 of the needle valve nozzle 16, such nozzle being provided with a very small opening at its upper end and with a control or hand wheel 17 at its lower end by which the flow of gas through the minute opening may be readily controlled. Above the nozzle 16 a tube 18 is positioned with slight clearance between the upper end of the nozzle tothe lower end of the tube. This tube may be cylindrical or have Venturi shape and is positioned in a circular opening in a bracket 19, formed integrally with the body portion of the burner, and is retained in position by means of a set screw 20. It is to be noted that the tube 18 is spaced a material distance from the inner wall 3 and is concentrically arranged with respect to such inner wall.

In order to facilitate the draining and cleaning of the burner when the supply of fuel is cut off from the supply pipe 11, a drain pipe 21 is provided, such pipe being screwed into a threaded duct 22 communicating with the cavity 5 at any desired point. The lower end of the drain pipe is equipped with a stop cock 23, which, of course, is closed during normal operation. .A pair of removable plugs 24 and 25 are provided in the outer wall 4: of the burner and greatly facilitate the removal of any carbonized material or collected sediment within the cavity 5.

.The operation of thedevice is as follows:

The fuel passing under pressure through the pipe 11, which latter is preferably loosely packed with asbestos 26, is partially or c0mpletely vaporized in such pipe, although the direct flame is deflected by the tongues 8 and battle plate 7 from contact with such pipe. The gas and any remaining liquid passed into the cavity which is also heated by the flame which closely hugs the upper wall 2, and by the radiated head from other portions of the burner; This gas is then 'lurther heated and the complete vaporization of the fuel is insured, the upwardly extending rib preventingany liquid that may remain in the cavity 5 from passing freely into the duct 13 and to the nozzle 16. This gas under pressure passes upwardly through th'e'ininute opening in thenozzle 16 and entraiiis air in thepipe 18,- due to the high velocity of the upwardly passing stream of gas. The resulting mixture in the tube 18 is relatively rich and is projected upwardly at a high velocity against the battle plate 7 to be uniformly spread bysuch plate. The outwardly passing sheet of thin fihn of rich mixture entrains further quantities offresh air which pass upwardly between the tube 18 and the annular wall 3, and causes intimate mixing of th'erelatively rich mixture and incoming-fresh air. This effect" is further increased by the peculiar construction or burner,- for it will be seen that-the film of intimately mixed gas and air passing radially outwardly beneath the disk 7 is of constantly increasingcross sectional area. Consequently the eitect of this is to produce a suction, inasmuch as the velocity will necessarily be retarded, as the same volume of gases flow out in given quantities across the sectional-area, if supplied solely by that passing thru the tube 18. However, as this velocity is decreased, a suction occurs, and additional air is drawn into intimate contact withthe outwardly passing film.

From actual experiments with this burner, it has been found that apractically color less, or at most a slightly bluish flame, is produced, and that no objectional odors from any unburned particles insult. It has also been found that the burner will operate eiliciently, although subjected to a strong draft of air, for as will be seen that the air rushing across the upper surf-ace of the burner will not blow out tlie flanie', but at most will increase the velocity of up- 'ardly passing 1 gases.

It is also to be'noted-that the bu-rner may i be readily constructed cheaply and-with a minimum amount of machine' work, and that adequate means are provided for readilycleaniiig such burner.

I claiin: 1. A hydrocarbonburner comprising the con'ibination of a body portion subdivided into an'upper 'cup=shaped open cavity and a lower annular cavity through which a tubular'airpassage extends tothe upper cavity, a dis]; covering the central portion of the upper cavity and supported from the side walls thereof in spaced relation thereto, a ring supported from the wall of the air passage, a tube adjustably supported by said ring in the air passage, a valved nozzle in communication with said lower cavity and arranged to discharge upwardly into the lower end of said tube, and a fuel supply pipe leading horizontally across the upper cavity and downwardly into the'lower cavity.

2 A hydrocarbon burner comprising a metal body having an upper burner cavity and a lower vapor cavity, the latter provided with a central air passage therethrough leadingto the upper cavity, a central baiiie 'plate coveringthe portion of the upper cavity above said air passage, an open ended mixing tube supported in the air passage, a nozzle adapted to deliver fluid from the vapor cavity to the mixing tube, and a fuel supply duct extending across the upper cavity and communicating with the vapor cavity.

3. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a metal body havingan upper burner cavity and a lower vapor cavity, the latter provided with a central air passage therethrough leading. to the upper cavity, a central battle plate coveringthe portion of the upper cavity above said air passage, an

open ended mixing tube supported in the air passage, a nozzle adapted to deliver fluid -from the vapor cavity to the mixing tube,

'and a fuel supply ductextending across the upper cavity and communicating with the vapor cavity, said metal body disk and the walls of the air passage being formed integrally of cast metal, and said vapor cavity being provided with a valved drain aperture and normally plugged clean-out apertures.

l; Ina hydrocarbon burner comprising the combination of a cast metal body having a vapor cavity, and 'a central air passage extending,therethrough, a supply duct extending horizontally across the central portion of said body and communicating with said cavity, said body having a superposed burner cavity to which saidair passage leads, interposed between the lower cavity and the supply duct and provided with a central bafiie plate for directing fluid radially inthe burner cavity, said-burner cavity being open at the top on both sides of the supply duct between the bafiie plate and its outer walls, a mixingtube in the air passage spaced from the side walls thereof, a nozzle arranged to discharge upwardly into the mining tube, and'connections for supplying fuel from the vapor cavity to said nozzle from a point substantially midway between the top and bottom of the vapor cavity.

5. A hydrocarbon burner comprising the combination of a body portion subdivided into a burner cavity and a vapor cavity beneath said burner cavity and provided With a tubular air passage extending upwardly to the burner cavity, a disk like baffle plate disposed above said passage and spaced from the Walls of said burner cavity, a pair of arms extendingfrom the side Walls of said cavity and supporting the baffle plate at opposite sides thereof, a tube adjustably 10 supported in said air passage, a valve nozzle in communication with the vapor cavity and arranged to discharge upwardly into said tube, and a fuel supply pipe leading horizontally across the burner cavity and downwardly into the vapor cavity, said baffle plate having its supporting arms disposed substantially vertically beneath said fuel supply i pipe.

CLARENCE SEALER.

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