US1546273A - of gardner - Google Patents

Description

July 14, 1925.

F. E. WHITE KINDLER FOR on, VAPOR STOVES Filed June 9, 1924 Inaenfor:

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Patented July 14, 1925 UNITED STATES 1,546,273 PATENT orr cs.

FRED E. WHITE, or GARDNER, MASSACHUSETTS, nssrenon To FLORENCE sTovn COM- PANY, or GARDNER, MASSACHUSETTS, a, Con-PonATToN or MASSACHUSETTS.

KINDLER FOR OIL-VAPOR STOVES.

Application filed June 9,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED E. WHITE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Gardner, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kindlers for Oil-Vapor Stoves, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the type of oil burning stove which burns vapor generated by heating kerosene or similar distillates of commerce, said vapor being mixed by suitable devices with enough air to cause blue flame or smokeless combustion.

I have found that the proper functioning of such burners required (1), an initial flame sufficient to' start the generation of vapor; this initial flaineis conveniently obtained by burning a small portion of the fuel used by the burners; (2) such arrange ment of the .burner parts as to permit of a continuous supply of heat to the oil reservoir sufficient to maintain a steady supply of oil Vapor; (3) proper design of the burner to admit and mix with the oil vapor the necessary amount of air for blue flame combustion and must be of such a nature and material that it does not readily absorb the tarry and carbonaceous residues left from the distillation of the kerosene.

I have found when burning kerosene or other suitable distillates in a burner meeting these requirements, that the initial flame is not needed after it has once started the vapor generation; the subsequent production of the vapor is accomplished by heat communicated to the oil by conduction from the heated metal parts of the burner and by direct radiation from the blue flame above the oil reservoir. It has also been found in practice that it is a great advantage to minimize, as far as possible, the production of vapor by the kindler once it has performed its proper work of starting vapor generation, because if the kindler is allowed to continue vapor generation from its upper edge this prevents proper regulation of the flame.

In order to prevent the kindler from generating continuously amounts of vapor sufficient to cause the difficulties just mentioned, and in order that it shall possess other necessary qualities, I have found that the following requirements must be met: (1) The kindler must have sulficient porosity 1924. Serial No. 718,893.

to insure the capillary flow of oil from the reservoir to the burning surface, but the pores or capillary spaces of the kindler must not be so great that a considerable portion of the total oil consumed by theburner is conveyed to the vaporizing zone by the kindler. The main vaporization must take place from the free surface of the oil in the kindler bowl or reservoir and not from the surface of the kindler. (2) The kindler must be made of non-combustible material unless it is desired to put in a new kindler each time the burner is started. The kindler must possess sufficient mechanical strength so that it can be removed and replaced without detriment when'it is necessary to "clean it or the oil cup, as is customary in the operation of oil vapor stoves. (4:) The kindler must have a proper burning edge, i. e., a surface which, because of capillary properties, subdivides the oil into particles small enough to ignite in air by the flame of a match. If this last requirement is not met, it is found in practice impossible to start'aflame with ordinary kerosene or like commercial distillates by ignition with a match.

In constructing kindlers to meet these requirements, I use as a base asbestos fabric woven in such fashion as to secure great strength and the desired porosity. This fabric is impregnated with solutions of salts or substances which deposit in the pores when the kindlers are dried. The strength of the impregnating solution is chosen so that there is sufficient closing of the pores of the fabric to adjust the rate of capillary flow of oil in the manner desired. The impregnating substances are chosen so as to be stable at the operating temperature 95 of the kindler zone, which usually does not exceed 870 F. In practice, I have found water glass (sodium silicate solution) to be a very satisfactory impregnating material, but I do not wish to be construed as limiting my invention to this impregnating substance. In manufacturing the kindlers I impregnate with the water glass solution in such manner that only the middle portion A of the kindler is treated with the solution, leaving at the top and bottom uncoated portions B, the upper edge serving as a burning edge. I have also made successful kindlers with only one edge unimno pregnated.

position in dotted lines.

I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings, one form of device, and two diagrammatic methods of forming the same.

In these drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of one form of the invention showing the device in operative Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic View of apparatus for impregnating the device ofFig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail of the part of the apparatus of. Fig.- 2. v H v Fig; 4 is aplan View ofamodified apparatus for .protectingthe edges of the asbestos blank while. impregnating; the central portion.- I

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of- Fig, 4. The material used in these kindle-rs may be impregnated on a simple machine consisting of a roller 1, kept'constantly wet with aifilm ofthe impregnating solution and over which the stock 2 passes. Pressure willbe applied at the point of ,contact ofthe roller and the stock, as by roller 3. One or both edges of the material may be left uneo'ate d which can be accomplished by a suitable type of roller, After passing the above described roller, the stock will pass through a" set of squeeze rolls. A and 5, which will remove any excess of solution The impregnated material willthen be dried on racks at room. temperature or up to as high as 150 F. if desired.

Or a simple machi e of the, following.

type'may be used to impregnate. the kindler. A strip ofstockfi of-sufiicient lengthrto make three kindlers, will be. placed between two pieces of wood or steel,;7 and 8,-such that each edgewill be protectedby them while the center of the stock will be ready to receive the impregnating. solution. some type of eccentric clamp, as at 9, will be used which by the simple moving of a handle, will squeeze the edges of the stock: between the wood or steeh- This pr'vehts the edges'from becoming coated. The solution will then bepaint'e'donto the center of the strip with a suitable brush. The stock will be allowed to remain in this clamped position long enough to insure that the solution will not run into the edges after it is removed This need not-be longer than one hour.v The-st'ocli ca-n then be removed and drying, pom Qlet'ed at 11001211: temperature or up to 150 h if" desire V a 1 Having thus described my, invention, what I claim is: p p y I i 1. A kindler comprising a strip of fabric having aportion impregnated with a pore closing composition, its upper edge. being unimpregnated. p l

v 2. A kindle-r including ,ast'rip of fabric having a ,portion thereof impregnated with sodium silicate, its upper edge being un impregnated; v 4 I 3. A kindlerincluding. a strip of; fabric having its longitudinal central; portion iinf pregnated with sodium silicate, its upper and lower edges being unimpregnated. f

4:. Askindler inclu ling a. stri pfastestos fabric" impregnated in: :the middle longitudinal portion thereof with a-pore closingis'nb stance stable up to '37 F], having. its upper edge unimpregnated. 1 i

In testimony whereof, I aflix mysignatur'e';

FREDEI

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