US1542001A - Building block - Google Patents

Description

G. PILATI BUILDING BLOCK Filed Ma June 16, 1925;

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 jfVlY/OP Gae'i' 0 Filai'i [96)" 5 Attorney.

June 16, 1925.

G. PILATI BUILDING BLOCK .Filed May 21. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 In renter Gaefa o Pilaf/l June 16, 1925' V emeritus: rrmrrr, or smas es, ITALY.

BUIILDING BLOCK.

Application. area May 21;

To all whom it may concern:

Be itiknown. that GAIQTANOPILATI, subject of the King of Italy, residing at Florence, Italy, has invented certainsneW-l and useful Improvements in lluilding: Blocksmf which the tollowingisa-spccification;

The present inventionrelates to perfo 'ated elementstor building; purposes. Thesev elements are madeof; any suitable mixtures,

for instance of concrete-, cement,"etc., and are characterized. by. their being doubly 111- .terlockingg. that is-ito. say, they are formed in .such a manner as to i admit of their inter.-

locking botlrhorizonta'lly and vertically.

Tliieuelements are perforated for the. sake ofleconomy and lightness, and. inorder to impart tothe structures in which they are used, resistancewt'o atmospheric influences, such as heat, sound, etc. i

The perforations or apertures may correspond vertically one to another or noti'ln the first case, the insulating.airmaycirculate Wllillll'lrtllfi walls. lngthe' second: case, on the other hand, there will be a number of insulating zones, having'no communication with each other. Besides affording insulation, the apertures or perforations may serve the purpose of containing framing stays or the training itself. 7

Moreover, the apertures may be multiple, in which case they may either be parallel to each other and in alignment or staggered so asnever at any point to present-a straight line, or they may also be single, i. e. in a row.

The vertical and transverse interlocking or jointing in the laying of the elements provide spaces for the mortar, so that the mortar used enters ashaped cavity having large surface of adhesion.

The horizontal omtlngs, on the contrary, present flat surfaces, over which the mortar may be spread with ease.

The elements may be made in various shapes and arrangements- In the accompanying drawings several examples of the commonestarrangements are given, as are also indicated a few examples of construction and jointing.

In said drawing Fig. 1 shows in a front view. and in cross section, respectively, elements with three staggered rows of apertures; Fig. 2 shows, in horizontal section, two of said elements interlocked. Fig. 8 shows in trout view and in cross section, re-

1S2 i. Serial No; 714,869.

spe'etively, an element having three apertures parallel'to and in line with each other. Fig et slmws, inhorizontal section, two of said elements joined together. Fig. 5 is a transverse*sectioir showing an element provided at its lower part with three parallel apertures and provided at its upper part wit-ha single gap capable of cont ainmg;v the horizontal beams or the l1ke,-of the building. 4 Fig. (5 shows in plan two such ele-.

mentsconnected together.

' :Fig. 7 shows in front view; andin cross section respectively; a type of element pro,- vided with three staggered apertures of which; the central ones have passages, wheretheside ones-areblind; i

Fig. 8 shows it plan and horizontal secs tionfview of two such. elements connected together... i T

Fig. 9 showsiir front view in section and in plan,..respectively, an element for the apertures.

Fig. 10 represents, respectively, in section, in side view and in plan view, an element especially suitable for the reception of outer shutters or sun-blinds.

Fig. 11 indicates in perspective an example oi construction with elements arranged in staggered relation with respect to each other; Fig. 12 is another example in perspective in which are clearly shown the intercommunicating apertures only; and Fig. 13 shows in plan a type of construction with elements having three parallel aligned apertures.

From the drawing it is apparent that the elements a-, a- (Figs. 1 and 2, 3 and at) present vertical, multiple grooves Z)- 7)Z) and longitudinal lateral protuberances ccwhich are in communication with the upper skew notches --(Z-(Z-- likewise lateral.

Both the element according to Figs. 1 and 2 and the element according to Figs. 3 and 4; are provided with blind apertures, stag.- gered in the first case, and in the second case, aligned and parallel. The apertures are rendered blind by means of a membrane .r this membrane may easily be broken through when the apertures are meant to conm'iunicate, or for any other reason.

7 In Fig. 5 the element a is divided into two parts; the lower part being provided angles: of easements, with three staggered with blind apertures, as usual, whilst the upper part is provided with a gap e suitable for the reception of the metallic beam or reinforcement -fof the building.

The projections c-0-, and the grooves (Z*d are similar to those shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and a.

Figs. 7 and 8 show an element which also has three staggered apertures with a single transverse groove g. This element, too, is provided with projections -cc and grooves d-dwhich are longitudinal.

Fig. 9 is an element suitable for the construction of casement angles, provided with a single transverse groove g and with apertures.

Fig. 10 is an element of the same type as the foregoing, but adapted to receive in the empty space 7z1- a sliding shutter.

In the examples of the modes of appli cation according to Figs. 11, 12 and 13, the blocks are seen connected, superposed and cemented together.

In Figs. 11 and 13 are further shown examples of vertical reinforcements ?Z-'1 located in special vertical gaps Z.

With this system of elements I obtain a structure which is rigid owing to the fact that, laterally, I have superposed connections, viz: d and -e. Moreover, the upper surfaces of the elements may be spread over with a uniform and smooth layer of mortar, which on receiving the block immediately above it, containing the blind apertures, penetrates to a certain extent into these blind apertures forming a strong connection especially suited to resist the strain due to lateral thrust.

In order to open the blind apertures, for the purpose of receiving vertical framing or for ventilation, etc., the membrane should be broken through, in any manner, as is shown at mm in Fig. 11.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

A hollow interlocking building block having between its side faces a plurality of rows of vertical apertures of circular cross-section, flat side faces thereon, ridges and grooves formed on the end faces of the block to interlock with adjacent blocks and to provide pockets for mortar, depending ridges extending from end to end of the lower marginal side edges of the block, grooves extending from end to end of the upper marginal side edges of the block for the reception of the ridges on the block resting thereon, and a flat recess in the under face of the blockbetween said ridgesfor containing the mortar when the blocks are in assembled position.

GAETANO PILATI.

In'presence of:

Vmenas CAroNr, CAB'ULLO BRUNO MANN U601.

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