US1540336A - Paper-shell machine - Google Patents

Description

June 2,

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UNITED STATES DANIEL D. HUYETT, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, ASSIGNOR TO ATLAS 1 540,336, PATENTJOFFICEK COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE. 1

PAPER-SHELL MACHINE.

v Application filed June 13,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that DANIEL D. HpYE'i'r, citizen of: the United States, residin at Wilmington, in the county of New astle and State of Delaware, has invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paper'- Shell Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a machine for makingpaper shells of the character commonly employed in the manufacture of dynamite sticks or cartnidges.

' It is a primary object of the'invention to provide amachine of the character described adapted to make shells of varying lengths and varying diameters the machine being so constructed that it may be changed from the setting required for one size of shell to the setting required for another sizeof shell in a very short time, with very little efiort x and without special skill on the part of the operator.

-Briefly stated the machine takes paper from a standard roll, cuts oif a predetermined length thereof; prints a desired impression, in- .one. or two colors, thereon;

winds the paper upon a mandrel into-tubular formation; folds one end shut, crimps the fold to'ma'ke it tight and ejects the fin 0; ished shell.

The length of the finished shell is deter mined'bythe width. of thepaper upon the roll while the diameter of the finished 'shell is determined by the size of the mandrel and the length of the sheet cut off from the web for each shell.

It is a further object of the invention to provide means for automatically brin the machine to a stop if the finished s f the mandrel at the proper time. v Further objects and advantages'of the invention will be set forthin the detailed description which follows. In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine -const-rl1cted in accordance with the invention with certain of the parts omitted to prefh serve the clearnesspf the drawing,

'Figure 2 is aplanview of'the machine with certain of-the parts omitted,

Figure 3 is anend'elevationof the machine ,With certain of the parts omitted,

Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional'vie'w, upon an enlarged scale through the feeding,

parts shown in Figure 11,

' Figure 2 ture illustrated in Figure 19,

- drel, illustrating the ironers,

located at thefront end mechanism, hereinafter described,

parts illusmg mechanism,

Figure 8 is a plan view of a conveyor hereinafter described,

Figure 9 is a side view of said conveyor, Figure 10 is a detailed sectional View through one of the sides ofthe conveyor upon line 1010 of FigureB, I

Figure 11 is a plan View of. the discharge end of the conveyor and the parts associated therewith including the mandrel and gate hereinafter described, I

Figure 12 is a view partly in section and partly in side elevation illustrating .the

Figure 13' is a view Iooking fromthe rear end of the machine toward the mandrel'and; illustrating the mounting of the mandrel andthe driving mechanisnfihereoftogether with certain of the associated parts,

Figure 14 is a view'looking toward the left-hand end of the structure of Figure 13, Figure 15 is an enlarged sectional view through the mandrel and associated parts, Figure 16 .is a View partly in section and partly in elevation of one of"the'halve s of the mandrel, Figure 17 is a detailed plan view of the leflg-hand end of the structure of Fi ure 16,

1 from theleft in' Figure 16, F'gu're 19 is a detailed sectional view of tihelouter end of the other half of thenan- O is an end elevation of the struc:

:Fi are 21' is a view partly in section and gure 18 is an end elevation ooking POWDER \par I y ,in side elevation illustrating the ironers by which the paper is held in engagement with the mandrel during the winding,-folding, and crimping operations,

Figure 22 is an end elevation Figure 23 is a perspective view of a yoke hereinafter described, 5 a M Figure 24 is aview partly in elevation of the man-. A

of the machine, and

and partly insection illustrating thepunch x no Figure 25 is .an outer face view of said punch mechanism,

Figure. 26 is a detailed view more or less diagrammatic of a contact making, and breaking device constituting part of the automa'tic stop,

Figure 27 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the circuit employed in connection with the automatic stop, and

Figure 28 is a detailed section view through the stop or gate hereinafter: described.

'Like numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the figures of the drawings. v

The paper from which the shells are formed is drawn from a standard cut roll 5 located at the left-hand end ofthe machine (Fig. 1) hereinafter referred to as the front end because it is the end from. which the paper starts upon its travel. The

shaft 6 upon which the paper roll 5 is mounted rests upon rollers 7, said rollers in turn being mounted in the outer end of bearing brackets 8. This permits the roll 5 to shift back and forth. The web of paper leading from the roll passes beneath a rod 9 having guide collars 1O thereon, whereby the paper is guided in astraight path to and between feed. rollers 10 and '11. The lower feed roll 11 is a driven roll said roll being driven by a sprocket chain or other suitable connection 12 from a pulley or sprocket wheel 13-upon the shaft 14 of the platen roll 15 of the printing mechanism hereinafter described. The upper roll 10 is an idle or friction roll and is mounted inthe outer ends of rock arms 16 which are piv-v oted, as at 17. Springs 18 tend to maintain the roll 10 in engagement with the roll 11 and when the rolls are in this relation the the paper web is carried from the roll 11- downwardly as at 19 (see Fig. 1) and over a roller 20, passing thence upwardly at 21.

(see Fig. 4) through tension bars 22 and 23,

and thence to and between feed rolls 24 and 25. The roller 20 is mounted in the outer end of a yoke 26 (see Fig. 1 and Fig' 23) which yoke is pivoted at 27- in the frame A of themachine. Links 28 connect the rear end of this'yoke with the rear end of bars 29, the bars in turnbeing pivoted at 30 within the frame of the machine. Rods 31 are pivotedto the front ends of these bars and extend upwardly and engage the rear ends of the rock bars 16.

The feed rollers 24 and 25 have a step by step feeding movement imparted to them by a mechanism hereinafter described, and it is clear that if the paper is being taken up and fed forward by these rollers at the rate of feed of rollerslO and 11 there will be no over-supply-of paper from the last named rollers. If, however, the paper is fed forward from the rollers 10 and 11 at such a rate as to decrease the tension upon the web, or slacken the same then the .roller 20 will be lowered, the links 28 will be lifted a I and 25 restores the tension and elevates the roll 20. I

The upper feed roll 24 (see Fig. 4) bears yieldingly upon the roller 25, due to the fact that it is mounted in boxes 32 which are forced downwardly under the influence of springs '33 located in extensions 34 of the caps 35. A step-by-step feeding movement is imparted to the paper web by the lower roll 25. The shaft of this lower roll carries a ratchet wheel 36 which is engaged by a pawl 37 on an arm 38. This arm 38 is loose on the shaft of the roll andhas secured to it a pinion 39 which meshes with the teeth slotted crank is carried by a gear wheel 47- and the position of the block 44 in the slot determines the extent of .throw of the connecting rod and consequently determines the extent of the step-by-step feeding movement imparted to the web. From the feed rollers 24 and 25- the paper passes'over a bed plate 48 and beneath the knife or shear 49 and thence between the feed rollers 50 and 51. The knife is arranged diagonally with respect to the line of travel of the paper and in such manner as to make a bias cut, about 27 with the edge of the paper. Thus, both ends of the cut sheet form a spiral when the paper is wrapped into shell format-ion, thisspiral arrangement of the ends of the paper increasiifiglthe strength and rigidity'of the finished s e l. r

The knife 49 is supported by a vertically reciprocatory cross head'52"which is slidable'in ways 53 on the frame of the machine. Strippers 54 are supported from the cross head by means of bolts 55. Springs 56 encircle these bolts, the arrangement being such that the strippers will be held in engagement with the web of paper, by the springs,. upon initial upward movementof 5 the knife and until the knife has been disengaged from the paper strip. Then after limited upward movement of the cross head said cross head will engage the heads of the bolts and lift the strippers out of engage- 1 ment with the paper, to permit the further forward feeding movement of the paper un der the influence of the feed rollers 24 and 25 and 50 and 51.

' The cross head 52 is elevated by springs 1 53 disposed in suitable housings of the frame of the machine and the said cross,

head is pressed downwardly together with the knife 49 by rock levers 54*, only one of which is shown. These rock levers are 2 actuated by cams 55 from the shaft 14 of the platen roll 15' and their left-hand ends (see Fig. 4) engage slots 56 of heads 57 that .are formed on shanks '58, and which shanks pass through the cross head. During the i time that the rolls 24 and'25 are feeding,

the knife and strippers are. elevated and the rollers 50 and 51 are separated. Thus the rollers 24 and25 are free to feed that part'icular length of paper for which the crank 46 and associated parts have been set. The feed roll 51 is a driven metal roll while the roll 56 is an idle friction roll, preferably of fibre; its function is to press the paper against the roll 51 in such manner. as to 85 cause the. roll 51 to take hold of the paper and to feed it forward after the paper has been released by the knife and strippers. The roll 50 is mounted in the ends of rock arms 58. A spring 59 tends to throw the.

roll downwardly into engagement with the roll 51 but this/movement is restrained by the cam 60 on the shaft 61 of the printing roll 62 which co-acts with the platen roll 15. However, the cam 60 has a cutaway portion 4 which permitsthe descent ofthe roll 50 under the influence of the spring 59 at the proper time. The printing roll 62 is provided with feed ribs 63 which co-act with the covering 15 of the platen roll to feed 50 the paper forward. It will be observed by referring to Figure 4 that the ribs 63 extend only part way around the periphery of the printing roll and it will be understood that during the feeding movement of the 55 paper under the influence of rolls 24 and 25 the ribs 63 do not function. In other words I they lie in such position that the space between the printing, and platen rolls is open' thus :to permit of the paper passing freely 69 therebetween. Thus the feeding of the paper to determine the length of paper that is to be cut off, and consequently'to determine, in conjunction with the proper size mandrel, the diameter vofthe finished shell,

5 iswhollyunderthe influence of rolls 24 and '25 and may be absolutely controlled by ad justment of the actuating mechanism of the rolls. The roll 51 is driven by a chain of intermediate gearing 64 from a gear wheel 65 (see Fig. 1) which is mounted upon the a shaft of the platen roll 15, this gear wheel 65 constituting the drive for shaft 14 of the platen roll. However the platen roll is not and the 'shaftso that during the time that the type by which the printing is effected is in engagement with the paper and platen roll the feed of the platen roll may be effected by the striking of the type into the paper and the cover of. the platen roll. This insures that the printing roll and the platen roll will move. accurately together and prevent anysmudging effect upon the printing. deem is unnecessary to describe-in detail the construction of the printing mechanism because rotary printingmechani'sms of this general character are common, in the printing art. It is sufficient tosay that the shaft 61 of the printing roll is driven from the gear wheel 65 by a gear wheel 67 (see Fig. 1), 68 indicates the ink fountain, and the duct 1011,69, b and c ink-distributing rolls, and 69 the inking roll, by which the type 70, for printing, is inked. In printing cylinders of this character it is, possible to 10-. cats the type at any desired point upon the printingsurface of the cylinder, and, in .practice, I shift the type carrying surface laterally with respect to the cylinder or shift the cylinder with respect to its shaft in accordance with the varying lengths of paper cut ofi', so that the printing is always a proper distance from the rear edge of the paper: The fact that the lateral shifting of the type brings about the result stated is due to the fact that the rear edge of the paper is at an angle wi h respect to its longitudinal line of travel. and the desirability of having the printing always located a proper distance from the rear edge of the paper arises from the fact that the rear edge is of spiral formation and if the printing lay too far in advance of the-rear edge it might be partially overlapped and hidden by the final wrap. 7

From the printing mechanism the paper passes'over a guide plate 71 and between the upper and lower traveling tapes 72 and 73 of a conveyor which is best illustrated in figures 1, 8, 9 and 10. The paper travels between the lower runs of the tapes 72 and the upper runs of the tapes 73. The conveyor comprises a frame 74 the frbnt end of which is pivoted as at 7 .toa part of the frame A indicated at 5 and the rear end of Y this frame is supported upon adjusting screw 7 6'. Thus the rear end may be raised when a large diameter mandrel is being used the frame must be elevated and when a small diameter mandrel is being used the frame must be lowered. The upper tapes 72 pass over rollers 77 and 78 and the lower tapes pass over rollers 79 and 80 and the.

proper tension is maintained upon the tapes by idler- rolls 81 and 82 which are vertically adjustable in guides 83 and 84. Rearwardly converging rails 85 and 86 are mountedfor lateral adjustment with respect to the conveyor frame by means of thumb nuts 87 and thumb screws 8-8 said thumb screws having T-heads 89 which are movable in transverse guide ways 90 on the conveyor frame 74.

The guide rails 85 and 86 may be adjusted laterally as stated or the tapes may be adjusted laterally by shifting the guide rollers 81 and 82 upon their shafts.

I prefer to construct these guide rails 86 as indicated in. Figure 10 where 90 designates a thin metallic plate projecting inwardly from the guide rails integral with'or soldered or welded thereto above which the tapes ride. The paper is indicated at B on ill this figure. The construction shown precludes the possibility of the edge of the shaft carries a gear-which meshes with a corresponding gear on the shaft of the roller 78.

From the conveyor the paper is delivered to a gate or stop mechanism which serves to straighten the paper and properly align it for engagement with the mandrel and to hold the paper until the proper moment has arrived for engagement with the mandrel.

The gate or stop mechanism is best indicated in Figures 11, 12 and 28, and by referring to these figures it will be seenthat it comprises ahead 96 which is carried by a projection 97 on the frame of the conveyor. The underface of the head 96 is recessed as indicated at 98 and a bottom plate 99 lies in spaced relation to the underface. of the head and forms a pocket for the reception,

. of the forward edge of the paper delivered fromthe conveyor. A gate 100 consisting of a T-shaped plate'having fingers or lugs 101 upon its lower edge is carried by a rock lever 102. A spring 103 tends to draw the gate downwardly to a position where the fingers will pass through openings 105 formed in the plate 99. When the fingers are in this position they constitute stops against which the forward edge of the paper abuts. The continued movement of the tapes after the paper abuts these stops results-in straightening the paper; causing it to align itself with the guides or stops constituted by the fingers and which lie across its path of movement. The position of the paper is indicated in dotted lines at a in Figure 11. The paper remains in this position until a predetermined point in the operation of the machine has been reached at which time the gate 100 is elevated to withdraw its fingers 101 from the path of the paper; and, simultaneously therewith, a roller descendsrand clamps the projecting end of the pa ir, which overlies the mandrel, to the mandrel in such a manner as to cause the mandrel to wind the paper upon itself. This is accomplished by the movement of arms 104 which are pivoted as at 104- upon the conveyor frame and are bodily adjustable therewith. Springs 106 tend'-to move the upper portions ofthese arms downwardly and throw the friction roller 107 into engagement with the mandrel 108 to thereby press the paper against the mandrel and effect the winding hereinbefore mentioned. The fingersare permitted to act to accomplish the foregoing results when a cam 107 on shaft 156 presents its lowest portion to a lever 109 which is'connected by an adjustable link 110'with the lower end of the arm 104 in-Figure 12, this connection being ef-- elevates the gate by rocking the bar 102 on' its pivot 102 This is effected by a-cross bar 114 which extends betwen the two arms 104 and overlies an adjustable screw 115 carried by the projecting end 116 of the rock bar. 102. In order that the sheet of paper may be properly disposed with respect to the outer end of mandrel throughout all of the different widths of paper employed, the gate is rendered bodily adjustable across the path of movement of the paper by providing a sliding connection between the head 96 andthe part 97 of. the con veyor frame. 7 a cross bar 97 which is engaged in a slot 96 of the head'96. Set screws 96 bind the head and gate in their varying positions of lateral .adjustment. The provision of the cross bar 114 makes the arms 104 operable with respect to the gate throughout all of the positions of adjustment of the latter This connection consists of since the screw 115 underlies the bar at all times. \Vhen the high part of the cam 107 acts upon the lever 109 the roller 105 is elevated the'arms being moved against the tension of the springs 106. This permits the spring 103 to draw the gate-downwardly and to bring its fingers into position to constitute stops for the next sheet.

The paper is held in close engagement with the mandrel during the winding operation by a pair of ironers 118 and 119 (see Figures 3,21 and 22). These ironers are carried by a pair'of cross levers 120' and 121 which are drawn together by a spring 122 and are forced apart at the proper time by a bar 123 which acts between them, said bar being forced downwardly by a cam 124 upon a disk 125.. To this end the bar is provided with an anti-friction roller 126 upon its outer end adapted to be engaged by said cam and said bar has its other end pivoted as indicated by 127. The bar 123 is forced downwardly by the cam 124 as stated and is elevated by a .spring'129 which engages in a recess 130 formed in an enlarged portion 131 of the bar, said enlarged portion being movablebetween guides 133.

The ironers 118 and 119 holdthe paper in firm engagement with the mandrel during the time that the paper is being crimped at its ends to bring it into p rma'nent tubular form. This crimping or 'olding action is effected by a series of folding fingers. (see Figures 24 and said fingers beingv 'designated'135 and 136. These fingers are car ried by interchangeable plates 137 and 138. Only one series of the fingers may be used when a single fold is desired, while two series of fingers may be employed ifa double.

fold is desired. The plate 138 is indicated in Figure 24 and it will be seenthat these plates and the fingers carried thereby lie in such position as to, in effect, wipe across the outer end of the mandrel and fold the projecting ends of the paper in a succession of folds, one overlapping the other, and after this folding has been completed a blow is given the folded portions to crimp them into the recessed end 139 of the mandrel. This is accomplished as follows: The plate 138 has a tail 138 formed upon it which wipes across the crimped or folded portions of the shell after the fingers 136 leave said portion.

threaded into the other end of the sleeve Thus the tension of the spring may be adjusted by the plug 145 and theblowimparted to the crimped portions of the paper will be a yielding blow, the force of which will be determined by the tension ofsaid spring. 1

Pin 140 and its holder 142 arefree to turn lIl sleeve 143 so that pin will'not tear the paper in case its end becomes rough due to upsetting, etc. The sleeve 143 is pivotally mounted at 146 upon the upper end of a Hence the upper end of the lever 147 swings upon the arc of a circle and since it is desirable that the movement of the pin be a straight line movement, I pivot a link 152 to an ear 153 of the sleeve 143 and pivot the other end ofthis link at 154 to a part of the head indicated at 155.

The disk 125 by which the plates 137 and 138 are carried is mounted upon a shaft 156 and said disk carries a cam 157 upon its face which acts upon a roller 158 upon the lower end of the lever 147. The outward movement of the roller 158 and the lower portion of the lever 147 is against the ten-- sion; of a spring 159- which bears between said lever and a portion of the head indicated at 160. A cushioning spring 161 aids in imparting a quick inward blow to the pin 140 and in causing a more gradual retraction of said pin. After the paper has been folded and crimped it is blown from the mandrel underv the influence of compressed air and it is manifest that this action can-- not take place unless the pin 140 and the as sociated parts are moved out of the path of movement of the shell. To this end the head 151 is pivoted for lateral swinging movement at 162. The lever 147 is carried by said head and moves bodily therewith. A compression spring 163 encircles the rod 164whieh is pivoted at 165 to the head 151 and tends to move said head toward the left as shown in Figure 25. The movement of the head toward the left under the influence of the spring 163 is limited by a stop nut and washer 166 upon the rod 164. A earn 167 is carried by the disk 129 and its edge 168 acts upon a roller 169 carried by the head 151' and moves the head against the tension of the spring 163 to bringsaid head and the pin 140 to the position illustrated in Figuresj24 and 25. However, when the cam in its rotation releases the roller 169 the spring 163 moves the pin 140 to the left in Figure 25 and out of the path of the shell to permit of the shell being blown from the mandrel as will be presently described. The stop 166 limits the movement of the head 151 and associated parts to a position where the cam will engage the roller 169 in its continued rotation to repeat theoperation.

The mounting of the mandrel and the construction of said mandrel is best illustrated in Figures 15 to 20. However, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to any specific type of mandrel. In the particular type of mandrel which I have shown for purposes of illustration the mandrel is made in two parts 108 and 108".

extending oblique cut, the arrangement being such that when one part of the mandrel is longitudinally shifted with respect to the other it has the effect of reducing the diameter of the mandrel, or, inefi'ect, collapsing the same to thereby loosen the shell upon the mandrel and permit the more ready discharge of the same from the mandrel under the influence of the compressed air.

The half 108* of the mandrel is secured by screws 170 to a rotating sleeve 171 "which is supported by ball or other anti-friction bearings 172 and carries a spur gear 173 which meshes with a gear wheel 174 on ashaft 175. The shaft 175 is driven by sprocket gearing 176 from a motor 177.

The shaft 156 is driven from the shaft 17 5 through the interposed gears 178 and 179. The shaft 156 carries a beveled gear 180 which meshes with the beveled gear 181 on,

a longitudinally extending shaft 182 and it is this shaft 182 which imparts movement to the gear 47 throughwthelmedium of beveled gearing indicated at 183 and 184 inYFigure 1. The other half 108 of the mandrel is movable in the sleeve 171 and longitudinally with respect to the part 108 This part 108 is connected by a link 185 with a head 186. This head is mounted to rotate with the mandrel and rotates with respect to a plunger 187 by means 'of a thrust bearing 188. A spring 1'89 tends to force the part 108' of the mandrel outwardly or to the left in Figure 3 which has the effect of expanding the mandrel. The stem 187 is provided with a head 190 which is pivotally connected to the forked portion 191 of the long arm of the bell crank lever 192 said lever being pivoted at 193. A compressed air supply line 194 enters the side of the casting 195 (see Figures 14 and 15), said casting having a channel 196 formed therein through which air may be supplied to the interior of the stem 187 through a port 197 when said stem is moved to the right in Figure 15 by the bell crank lever. place the part 108 of themandrel is thrown to the right and this has the effect of collapsing the mandrel. Simultaneously with the collapsing of the mandrel compressed air enters the stem 187 and passes then through a tube 198 which tube terminates at a recess 199 from which a plurality of longitudinally extending ports 200 lead to the front end of the mandrel. The movement of the bell crank lever 192 is effected by a cam 201 onthe shaft 156 and at the same time that the bell crank lever is moved a second cam 202 on said shaft acts upon a bell crank lever 203 tothrust the stem 204- of a. control valve 205 inwardly, said control valve being located in the air line 194. Thus there is a double control of the air which passes through the interior of the mandrel When this action takes and leakage is positively prevented. By provid ng this secondary control the necessity of an extremely tight fit between stem 187 and its bearing in the. casting 195 is obviated. Furthermore this secondary valve serves as the real timing valve and it does not open until the mandrel is fully collapsed.- The primary valve constitutedby port 197 and associated parts serves merely to transfer the air from 195 to 187.

V To maintain proper alignment of the outer ends of the two parts of the mandrel the part 108"v is provided with an upstanding' lug 206 which is almost circular in cross section and which engages and travels in a correspondingly shaped recess 207 of the I.

brought to a stop. This is important be- I cause it is manifestthat destruction of the succeeding shells would result and with possible breakage of the machine parts, if the,

machine continued to build the succeeding sheets ofpaper upon the faulty shell which had failed to leave the machine.

To bring about a stoppage of the machine if the shell fails to leave the mandrel, I mount adjacent to the end of the mandrel,-

a swinging wire gate or comb 208 '(see- Fig ures 12 and 26). The finished shell indicated at. 209 strikes this gate and'swings the gate outwardly to the dotted line position illustrated in Figure 26 and away from a contact element 210. A spring contact 211 (see Figure 24) is adapted to complete a circuit once in each revolution of the disk- 125 by being engaged by a projection 212 formed upon the rear edge of the cam 124. The electrical instrumentalities by which the motor is controlled are so arranged that if a circuit is ever completed at 208 and 211 simultaneously the motor will be stopped. Thus the machine acts to periodically complete a circuit at 211 and during the time that the circuit is being completed at this point the gate is in its open position under the influence of thcejected shell. Howeveiz ifthe shell fails to leave the mandrel and the gate remains closed. then the circuit will be completed at 208 -and-211 simultaneously and a relay 213 will be energized and affect an armature, 214 which will break the circuit 215 in which. is included an undervoltage coil 216 and when this under-voltage coil is de-energized it acts in a usual and.,well-known way upon a control switch motor 177

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