US1535612A - Blading of axial turbines - Google Patents

Blading of axial turbines Download PDF

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Publication number
US1535612A
US1535612A US708083A US70808324A US1535612A US 1535612 A US1535612 A US 1535612A US 708083 A US708083 A US 708083A US 70808324 A US70808324 A US 70808324A US 1535612 A US1535612 A US 1535612A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rotor blades
blades
ring
rotor
axial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US708083A
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English (en)
Inventor
Losel Franz
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US1535612A publication Critical patent/US1535612A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/22—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F01D5/225—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations by shrouding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator

Definitions

  • This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines, particularly of the axial flow type, and the blading and guiding means therein.
  • the main object of the invention is to provide means in turbines, particularly in the low pressure ends thereof for issuing and partly expanding elastic fliuid from rotor blade rows through uncovered parts of their periphery and through stationary parts having gradually increasing conical interiors opening into the next following guide blade rows for obtaining ahigh endexpansion and good guiding effects between rotor blades and guide blades in the last stages and to increase the efliciency and performance of the turbines.
  • the efficiency of a turbine depends to a great extent on the manner in which the driving medium or fluid passes from one ring or row of blades to the next following one and of the final expansion in the individual blade rings. More particularly at the low pressure end of the turbine the differences in the volumes of the driving fluid between the, successive blade rings or rows are very great and therefore, according to this invention, it is very simple and easy to combine good guiding of the driving fluid between successive blade rings with high expansion of the driving fluid.
  • My invention effects improved passage of the driving fluid from a rotor blade ring to the next following stator blade ring, while at the same time greatly reducing the lealc age losses.
  • my invention consists in that the part of the turbine casing wall adjacent to Etlll Sll1- rounding the head ring or shroud and the blade heads, particularly their uncovered parts, increases in diameter towards the next following stator blade ring.
  • this part of the turbine casing wall conical in shape, the generatrix of the conical surface being inclined to its axis in certain cases preferably at the Mach angle the nature of which will be described hereinafter.
  • the head rings may project beyond the front edge of the rotor blades and may serve at their front ends for packing purposes.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate by way of example two embodiments of myl invention in diagrammatic axial section.
  • Fig. 1 Z indicates arotor blade and (Z the head ring secured to the outer end or head of the rotor blade i by means of a rivet n.
  • the stator or guide blades Z are secured tothe turbine casing g or stator carrier in any desired or preferred manner.
  • the head ring covers or extends over only part of the axial width of the rotor blades as indicated at b and projects with part of its width beyondthe front edge of such blades as indicated at c. vThis projecting part of the head ring is separated from the adjacent portion of the turbine casing wall by a small gap or clearance s constituting a tightening joint between successive pairs of rings.
  • the part 7 of the periphery at the outlet side of the rotor blades Z" is not covered by theheadring (Z, and 2' denotes the increase of the guide blade length.
  • the portion of the turbine casing wall opposite the rotor blade head and extending to the next following ring of stator blades Z increases in diameter towards the latter and is preferably conical in shape, its generatrix being inclined to its axis at an angle a which is in certain cases preferably equivalent to the Mach angle.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that shown in Fig. 1 only in that the part c of the head ring d projecting beyond the front edge of the rotor blades Z is reinforced at its front end for instance by an inwardly projecting circumferential flange 0.
  • the invention is designed mainly for the low pressure element of a turbine and permits a smooth radial flow of the driving medium free from eddies from a rotor ring to the next following stator ring whereby a high final expansion is obtained and at the same time the leakage losses between successive pairs of rin 's are greatly reduced.
  • headrings secured to the free ends of the rotor blades and extending over only part of the axial width of the same, said headri gs forming on the entrance side of the rotor blades with the stationary part clearance or tightening spaces, the interior of the stationary part of the casing; being extended with gradually increasine diameter from substantially the rear end of said clearances of the rotor blades towards the front end of the next following, ring of stator blades so that the elas tic fluid is issued from the rotor blades partly through the uncovered part of their periphery and through said gradually increasing, interior of the stationary part into the next following guide blades.
  • head rings secured to the free ends of the rotor blades and extending orer only part of the axial width of the same, said headrings forming; on the entrance side of the rotor blades with the stationary part clearances for tightening purposes, the casing part being); extended and having an interior conical shape with increasing diameter from substantially the rear end of said clearances of the rotor blades towards the frontend of the next followingring of stator blades, the generatrix of the cone being included toits axis at the ll lach-angle.
  • headrings secured to the free ends of the rotor blades and extending from the entrance or front side of the rotor blades over part only of their axial width and projecting beyond the entrance or front side of the rotor blade, said headrings forn'a ing with the stationary part tightening means on the entrance side of the rotor blades, the interior of the stationary part of the casing being extended in conical shape with gradually increasing diameter from substantially the rear end of said tightening means of the rotor blades towards the front end of the next following ring of stator blades.
  • an elastic fluid turbine of the axial flow type the combination with a stationary part or *asing and alternating rotor blades and stator or guide blades, of headrings secured to the peripheries of of rotor blades and extending over only part of the axial width of the same, said headrin srs providing with the stationary part tightening! means at the entra ce side of the rotor blades, the interior of the stationary part being extended in conical shape with gradually increasing diameter from substantialtr the rear end of said tightening means for the rotor blades towards the front side of the next following ring of guide blades.
  • an elastic fluid turbine of the axial flow type the combination with a ring of rotor blades,v of 1110211131 01 controlling the discharge of the fluid from said rotor blades comprising acasing or stationary part having its interior so shaped as, to l a substantially close to the .ends of the rotor blades at their entrance sides and partly across the ringgand then to spread mitwardly to permit the fluid to issue from anuncoyered part of the periphery of the ring of rotor blades as well as from their discharge sides. and a ring of guide bladessuitably disposed in said casing for receiving the fluid discharged from said rotor blades.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
US708083A 1923-12-22 1924-04-21 Blading of axial turbines Expired - Lifetime US1535612A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT226504X 1923-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1535612A true US1535612A (en) 1925-04-28

Family

ID=3669891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US708083A Expired - Lifetime US1535612A (en) 1923-12-22 1924-04-21 Blading of axial turbines

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US1535612A (xx)
CH (1) CH109958A (xx)
DE (1) DE422950C (xx)
FR (2) FR580079A (xx)
GB (2) GB214985A (xx)
NL (1) NL13072C (xx)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4012957A (en) * 1976-04-27 1977-03-22 Eldec Corporation Shrouded flowmeter turbine and improved fluid flowmeter using the same

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3677660A (en) * 1969-04-08 1972-07-18 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Propeller with kort nozzle
DE3413628C2 (de) * 1983-04-25 1996-09-19 Gen Electric Spaltdichtung für eine Dampfturbine
EP1707742A1 (de) * 2005-03-09 2006-10-04 ABB Turbo Systems AG Turbinenschaufel mit Schmutzfänger
JP4765882B2 (ja) * 2006-10-05 2011-09-07 株式会社日立製作所 蒸気タービン動翼
EP2439376A1 (de) * 2010-10-05 2012-04-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Laufschaufel mit Deckplatte für eine Dampfturbine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4012957A (en) * 1976-04-27 1977-03-22 Eldec Corporation Shrouded flowmeter turbine and improved fluid flowmeter using the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR29521E (fr) 1925-08-22
NL13072C (xx) 1924-11-15
GB214985A (en) 1925-02-19
DE422950C (de) 1925-12-16
FR580079A (fr) 1924-10-29
GB226504A (en) 1925-02-19
CH109958A (de) 1925-05-01

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