US1535281A - Wrench - Google Patents

Description

April 28, 1925. r 1,535,281

' .J. ZILLI OX WRENCH Filed Dec. 21, 1921 Patented Apr. 28, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.ToHN ZILLIOX, or ORCHARD PARK, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF 'IO FRANK ZILLIOX, or BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

WRENCH.

To all whom it may] concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN ZILLIOX, a citizen of the United States, residing at Orchard Park, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in renches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a wrench of the type commonlyknown as a machine wrench.

One of the objects of this invention is to )rovide a wrench of this character which has a removable head so that the same handie can be used in connection with a plurality of heads of different sizes, and thus perniit of operating on nuts, bolts and the like of different sizes without requiring a separate compete wrench for this purpose.

Another object is to so construct the wrench that the same is very thin and compact and thus not only reaches into very narnow spaces but also takes up less room when stored or shipped.

A further object is to so construct the wrench. that the same is strong and durable and can be produced in quantities at low cost.

In the accon'ipanying drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of one form of my improved wrench. Figure 2 is an edge view of the same. Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the same taken on line 3-3, Fig. 1. Figures i and 5 are longitudinal sections of the handle and head of the wrench similar to Fig. 3, but separated from each other. Figure 6 is a cross section taken on the correspondingly numbered line in Fig. 1. Figures 7 and 8 are perspective views of the handle and head detached from each other. Figure 9 is a side elevation, showing a modified form of my invention. Figure 10 is an edge view of a modification of my invention.

Similar characters of reference indicate eta-responding parts throughout the several views.

In its general construction, this wrench comprises a head and a handle which are detachably connected with each other. As shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6, the head 10 Serial No. 523,982.

is preferably constructed of a single piece of metal which may be drop'forged, 'ast or machined, so that the head has a socket ll in its front end while its rear end forms a tang 12 the opposite sides of which are provided with recesses 13 which open rearwardly and'form between them a narrow web 14. The front end of each of these re cesses is deeper than the rear end of the same, thus forming a forwardly-facing shoulder 15 between the shallow rear and deep front parts of the same. The rear end of the web between the recesses is of tapered or wedge-shaped form as shown at 80 in Figs. 3, 5 and 8.

The handle of the wrench may be variously constructed but preferably consists of two metal bars arranged side by side and having their rear or body parts 16, 16 engaging each other and connected either by rivets 17, as shown, by spot welding, or otherwise, while the front parts 18, 18 of these bars are spread apart to form an intervening space therebetween and each bar terminating at its front end in a forwardly projecting jaw 19. In the assen'ibling of the lead and handle, the aws of thehandle are passed forwardly into the recesses of the head, so that the web is arranged between the jaws and each of the latter bears with its opposite longitudinal edges 20, 20, against the opposite parallel side walls 21, 21 of one of the recesses, thereby causing the handle and head to be firmly interlocked in the direction in which the same are turned when the wrench is used for tightening or loosening a nut, bolt or the like. The bars of the handle are preferably constructed ot steel or other metal which has the requisite resilience, so that the jaws of the handle may engage frictionally with the head. This frictional engagement is promoted by bending the front ends of the jaws inwardly or toward each other, as shown in Fig. i, so that upon passing these jaws length-- wise into the recesses the same will be first spread by the wedge-shaped rear end of the web between the recesses, and when the jaws reach the foremost position in the recesses thejaws will engage with the forwardly-faicing shoulders therein, as shown in Fig. 3, and thus hold the head and handle tightly together in their operative relation. but still permitting the same to he readily separated by pulling the same apart: manually.

The longitudinal forward movement of the jaws into the recess of the head is preterably limited by the front end of the jaws engaging with the front ends of the recesses, but in addition thereto and also for producing a joint between the upper and lower edges of the head and handle which will not present a sharp or dangerous edge, each of the jaws is provided on its opposite longitudinal edges with forwardly facing shoulders 22 which engage with the head at the rear ends 23 of the longitudinal walls 21' of the recesses.

In Figs. 1, 7 and 8, the front ends of the jaws and recesses in the head are of round form but if desired they may be otherwise shaped, as for instance in Fig. 9, where the front end of the jaw 29 and its recess 28 in the head 27 come together on a square joint.

The socket of the head may obviously be of any desired shape, the same hein shown for example in Figs. 1 and 8, of a form suitable for taking hold of hexagonal bolts, nuts and the like, while in Fig. 9 this socket 26 is made to take hold of corresponding members which are of square form.

In practice, a plurality of heads are provided each having a socket of a different shape or size than the other heads to suit different articles to be turned, thus enabling the same handle to be used with different heads and not only reducing the size of the kit of tools required for doing a certain variety of work, but also effecting a corresponding reduction in cost of equipn'ient. By using the same handle in connection with a plurality of heads, a considerable saving in steel is effected compared with the amount required when each head has its individual handle.

Moreover, this construction of wrench is very thin, yet very strong and durable which permits the same to be packed compactly for storage and transportation, and furthermore. this wrench can be made of high grade material at low cost inasmuch as the same involves comparatively simple casting or forging and stan'iping operations.

It desired, the head of the wrench may be turned at an angle to the handle in order to enable the wrench to reach parts ordinarily inaccessible by a straight wrench. In Fig. 10 is shown such a wrench in which the jaws or front parts 190. 191 and the head 100 ren'iovably mounted thereon are arranged at an angle of degrees to the body or rear parts 16 of the handle. The

same heads can he used on handles having either straight or inclined jaws and the capacity of a kit of wrenches can therefore be doubled by the use of two handles of this chairacter, for instance. with twelve jaws of difl'erent sizes and a straight and angular handle, twenty four combinations are possible.

I claim as my invention:

1. A wrench comprising a head provided on its front part with a socket and on the opposite wide sides of its rear part with recesses which extend lengthwise to the rear end of the head, and a detachable handle provided on its front end with two jaws which are separated by a space extending from edge to edge of the handle and which engage frictionally with said recesses of the head.

2. A wrench comprising a head provided on its front part with a socket and on the opposite wide sides of its rear part with recesses which extend lengthwise to the rear end of the head, the front ends of said rccesses being deeper than the rear ends of the same and forming forwardly-faci11g shoulders, and a handle provided at its front end with two spring jaws which are separated by aspace extending from edge to edge of the handle and which are adapted to enter said recesses and which have their front ends bent toward each. other and adapted to engage the shoulders in said recesses.

'3. A wrench comprising a head provided on its front part with a socket and on the opposite wide sides of its rear part with recesses which extend lengthwise to the rear end of the head. and a handle provided on its front end with two jaws which are separated by a space extending from edge to edge of the handle and which engage with said recesses of the head and at the rear end of said jaws with for 'ardly facing shoulders which are adapted to engage with the rear end of said head.

4. A wrench comprising a head provided on its front part with a socket and on opposite sides of its rear part; with recesses forming between them a web the rear end of which is wedgeshaped. and a handle provided at its front end with two jaws which are adapted to be spread by the wedgeshaped rear end of said web and to enter said recesses upon assembling the same.

5. A wrench comprising a head provided on its front part with a socket and on opposite sides of its rear part with recesses, the front ends of said recesses being deeper than the rear ends of the same and forming forwardly-Tacing shoulders and said recesses forn'iing between them a web the rear end of which is wedge-shaped, and a handle provided at its front end with two in ardlvbent spring jaws which are adapted to be spread by engagement with the wedgeshaped rear end of said web and to enter said recesses and engage the shoulders thereln.

6. A Wrench colnprisin a head having 1'ecesses in opposite flat sides which extend to the rear end of the head, and a handle composed of two bars which are arranged side by side and having their rear parts connected together While their front parts are spread apart perpendicular to the plane of the Wide sides thereof and form two forwardly projecting flat jaws, Which engz'tge With the recesses on the opposite sides by said head.

JOHN ZILLH X.

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