US1533223A - System of control - Google Patents

Description

ohNEY INVENTOR Mamm can L. W. CHUBB SYSTEM OF CONTROL Filed June 30, 1921 April 14, 1925.

WITNESSES:

jwmz Patented Apr. 14, 1925 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS 'WARRINGTON CHUBIB, OF EDGEWOOD PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

Application flled lune 80, 1921. Serial No. 481,534.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS WARRINGTON CHUBB, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Edgewood Park, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania,

, mission systems.

One object of my invention is to provide a system of control that shall be simple in construction and eflicient in operation and that may be readily adapted for use either in wireless telegraphy or in wireless telephony. Anotherobject of my invention is to provide an improved wireless transmission system in which the frequency and the amplitude of the alternating component of current in the source of energy may be maintained substantially constant during the signaling and non-signaling periods to obtain stable operation.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a transmission system wherein the antenna circuit may be employedas an absorption circuit, as Well as a radiating circuit, thereby permitting the elimination of the expensive separate absorbing circuit which has heretofore been employed.

Other objects of iny invention will appear more fully from the details of construction described hereinafter and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

In the design of control systems for wireless transmission systems, itis desirable to provide a system which maintains the ampli tude and frequency of the oscillating currents constant during the signaling and nonsignaling periods. In the present state of the art, the desired result has been partially accomplished by slightly detuning the radiation circuits to form the necessary dots and dashes or by selectively rendering an energy-absorbing circuit effective or non-effective to control the radiation ofi energy from the radiating circuits.

The former method, however, has the inherent disadvantage of radiating energy at two wave lengths, while the latter method has the disadvantage of employing an additional circuit requiring expensive apparatus.

According to my invention, I provide a double-antenna system of control wherein the antenna circuits may be employed as an absorbing circuit or as a radiating circuit by so varying the phase of the currents in the antenna circuits that they relatively add or subtract in their effects.

The desired shift in phase of the currents in the radiating antenna circuits may be obtained through the utilization of a phasesplitting device in each antenna circuit. The phase-splitting devices may be of any form well known to the art, such, for ex ample, as static networks comprising con densive and inductive elements.

My invention may best be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which;

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a wireless transmission system embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a similar view, but showing an alternative type of phase-splitting device.

Referring to Fig. 1', I have shown a twophase source of high-frequency energy 1 supplying currents to a pair of radiating systems 2 and 3 through transformers 4 and 5 and static networks or so called mono,- cyclic bridges 6 and 7, respectively. The static networks 6 and 7 comprise, respectively, alternately disposed condensive and inductive elements 8 and 9 in a closed circuit. The reactances of the capacitive and inductive elements 8 and 9, respectively, are preferably equal.

The antenna systems 2 and 3 are shunted across the diagonals 1112 and 1314: of the static networks 6 and 7, and com rise, respectively, antennae 15 and 16, coils 1 and 18, and ground leads 19 and 21. The antennee 15 and 16 and the coils 17 and 18 may or may not be electro-statically and electro-magnetically coupled, respectively.

The phase-splitting devices 6 and 7 are oppositely connected in a circuit 22, which may also include the secondary windings 23 and 24 of the transformers 1 and 5, by conductors 25 and 26 which connect, respectively, points 27 and 28 of the static device 6 to opposite points 29 and 31 of the static device 7.

A shunt connection 32, which extends from conductor 25 to a point 33 on conductor 26, intermediate the secondary windings 23 and 24, is provided, whereby the antennae systems may be separately energized by the respective phases of the two-phase source of energy 1. The shunt connection 32 may include a-switch 34 and a telephone transmitter 35 for wireless telephone signaling, or a key 36, which is shunted around the switch 34 and telephone transmitter 35, for signaling dots and dashes.

The system shown in Fig. 2 differs from that of Fig. 1 only in the arrangement of the condensive and reactive elements in the static networks. The condensive and re active elements 8 and 9 of each of the networks 6 and 7 are here all connected to a common point 37 Two of the elements 8' and 9 of each network have their free terminals 39, 41 and 42, 43 connected to the antenna systems 2 and 3 respectively. The other two elements 8 and 9 of each network have their free terminals 44, 45 and 46, 47

connected by conductors 25 and 26, respectively, to include the windings 23 and 24 in the circuit 22, as in Fig. 1.

In operation, assuming the shunt connection 32 interrupted by the switch 34 and the key 36, the voltage impressed upon the circuit 22 by the transformers 4 and 5 combine to form a resultant voltage, the value of which is /2 times the value of each impressed voltage. By reason of the fact that the static networks 6 and 7 are oppositely connected in the circuit 22, the voltages and consequently the currents in the antenna circuits 2 and 3 are in phase opposition. Thus, the electromagnetic and electrostatic fields set up by the antenna system 2 are neutralized by those set up by the antenna system 3 and substantially no energy is radiated. 1

Upon depressing the key 36, a circuit is completed through the shunt connection 32 which extends from conductor 25 to the point 33 intermediate the transformer windings 23 and 24 to. admit of the sepa rate excitation of the bridges 6 and 7 by the transformers 4 and 5, respectively. The voltages now induced in the respective antenna systems 2 and 3 are thus shifted 45 in oppositedirections, whereby they are in quadrature, the resultant radiation therefrom being /2 times that of a single antenna system.

The operation of the system shown in Fig. 2 is similar to that of Fig. 1, the static networks 6, 7 being the electrical equivalents of those shown in Fig. 1.

As hereinbefore stated, in addition to the signaling of dots and dashes, my system may also be employed for wireless telephone purposes. With the switch 34 closed, the effect of speaking into the transmitting device 35 is to cause corresponding changes in the phase relation of the currents in the radiating systems 2 and 3, thereby resulting in the radiation of modulated energy.

An advantage of my invention is the pro By the term static network, I mean to include any system of resistances, capacities and inductances for shifting the phases of currents in two or more circuits connected thereto. The elements may be. all static elements, or the impedance of any element may be supplied by means of electronic elements or by means of rotating 'dynamo-electric machines, provided that no polyphasedynamo-electric machine 'is employed.

While I have shown only two embodiments of my invention, it is capable of various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, as will be obvious to those skilled in the art. I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be imposed thereon as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a wireless transmission system a pair of static networks, a pair of radiating systems, said radiating systems being across 'corresponding terminals of said networks,

a two-phase source of energy therefor and means for connecting the respective phases of said two-phase source of energy across corresponding remaining terminals of said networks.

2. In a wireless transmission system, a pair of static networks comprising reactive elements substantially resonantto the same frequency, radiating elements connected across corresponding terminals of said networks, said radiating elements being substantially resonant to the same frequency as said networks, a. two-phase source of high-frequency energy and means associated therewith for connecting one phase of said two-phase source. of energy across remaining terminals of one network and the other phase of said two-phase source of energy across the remaining terminal of the other network.

3. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a plurality of adjacently disposed antenna systems, eachsystem including a phase-splitting device, and means associated with said phase-splitting devices whereby the phase relation of currents in saidantenna systems may be selectively controlled.

4. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a two-phase high-frequency circuit, of a plurality of proximate radiating elements adapted to be energized from said circuit, and means for selectively combination of a varying the phase relation of currents supplied to said radiating elements from said two-phase circuit, whereby the radiation of energy therefrom. may be controlled.

'5. In a wireless transmission s stem, the combination with a two-phase circuit and a plurality of adjacently disposed antennae, said antennae being electro-statically coupled, of means associated with said twophase circuit and said plurality of adjacently disposed antennae whereby the phase relatlon of currents supplied to said antennae may be selectively controlled.

6. In a Wireless transmission system, the combination with a plurality of antennae and a ground lead for each antennae, of a lurality of static networks, each ground ead including therein one phase of a static network, a circult connecting a termmal of a second phase of onenetwork to a correspending terminal of a second phase of another network, a second circuit connectin the remaining terminals of said secon phases, and a polyphase source of high-frequency currents included in said second circuit.

7. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a pair of adjacently disposed antennae, of a ground lead for each antenna, a static network included in each ground lead, means for supplying energy to said static networks and means whereby the phase relation of the currents supplied to said plurality of antennae may be selectively controlled.

8. In a wireless transmission system, the air of antennae, each antenna being so dlsposed than an electrostatic coupling exists therebetween, a ground lead for each antenna, a plurality of static network, each ground lead including therein one phase of a static network, means for supplying energy to other phases of said static networks and means -whereby the phase relation of the. currents supplied to said pair of antennae may be selectively controlled.

9. In a wireless transmission system, the combination-with a pair of antennae, of a ground lead foreach antenna, a pair of static networks, each ground lead including therein one phase of a static network, a circuit connecting a terminal of a second phase of one network to the corresponding terminal of the other, a second circuit connecting the remaining terminals of said static networks, two sources of energy connected inseries relation in said second circuit, said sources being substantially in quadrature relation one to the other, and a third circuit extending from said firstnamed circuit to a point in said second intermediate said sources of e'ner y.

10. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a pair of antennze, a

ground lead for each antenna, each 'ound lead including therein a monocyclic )ridgc, a conductor connecting a free terminal of one monocyclic bridge to the corresponding free terminal of the other, a two-phase circuit connecting the remaining free terminals of said monoclyclic bridges, and means for causing one .p ase to energize one antenna and the remaining phase to energize the other antenna.

' 11. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a pair of antennae, a ground lead for each antenna, each ground lead including therein a monocyclic bridge, a conductor connecting a free terminal of one monocyclic bridge to the (cm-responding free terminal of the other monocyelic bridge, a two-phase circuit having sources of energy therein and a circuit extending from said conductor to a point in said first-named eir cuit intermediate said sources of energ said circuit including means whereby one phase may be impressed across the terminals of one monocyclic bridge and the remaining phase across the terminals of the other.

12. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a pair of antennae, a ground lead for each antenna, each ground lead including therein a monocyclic bridge, a conductor connecting a free terminal of one monocyclic bridge to the corresponding free terminal of the other, a two-phase circuit having sources of energy therein, and means comprising a shunt connection extending from said conductor to a point in said firstnamed circuit intermediate said sources of energy, said circuit including manually-operable means, whereby one phase may be impressed across the terminals of one monocyclic bridge and the remaining phase across the terminals of the other to cause a maximum amount of energy to be radiated from said plurality of antennae.

13. In a wireless transmission system, a pair of static networks, a pair of radiating systems, said radiating systems being connected across corresponding terminals of said networks, a two-phase source of energy therefor, a series circuit including the two phases of said source and the remaining terminals of each of said static networks in series, and a modulating circuit connected across said series circuit from a point intermediate said static networks to a point intermediate the two phases of said source.

14. In a wireless transmission system, a pair of static networks comprising reactive elements substantially resonant to the same frequency, radiating elements connected across corresponding terminals of said networks, said radiating elements being substantially resonant to the same frequency as said networks, a two-phase source of highfrequency energy, a' series circuit including the two phases of said source and remaining terminals of each of said static networks in series, and a modulating circuit connected across'said series circuit from a point intermediate said static networks to a point intermediate the two phases of said source.

15. In a Wireless transmission system, a pair of static networks comprising reactive elements substantially resonant to the same frequency, radiatingelements connected across corresponding terminals of said networks, said radiating elements being substantially resonant to thesame ire uency as said networks, a source of highrequency currents, means for connecting remaining terminals of both of said static networks in series relation to said source, and modulating means for varying the phase relations of the currents supplied to the respective static networks,

16. An electrical system including transassaaaa mitting elements. having two branches,

means for maintaining substantially constant currents in each of said branches and means for varying the phase relationships of said currents.

17. In a Wireless transmission system, the combination with a two-phase high-frequency circuit, of a plurality of proximate radiating elements adapted to be energized from said circuit, a variable-impedance device, and means responsive thereto for correspondingly varying the phase relation of currents supplied to said radiating elements from said two-phase circuit, whereby the radiation of energy therefrom may be controlled. I

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 24th day of June 1921.

LEWIS WARRINGTON GHUBB.

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