US1523378A - Stationary induction apparatus - Google Patents

Description

T. C. LENNOX STATI ONARY INDUCTION APPARATUS Filed Oct. 26, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inventor:

Tho as C.Lenn ox,

His/Attorney Jan. 13, 192s. 7 1,523,378

'r. c. LENNOX STATIONARY INDUCTION APPARATUS Filed Oct. 26, 1920 2 Sheets-Shoot 2 Inventor;

Tho s C.L.ennox,

H is Attorney.

Patented Jan. 13, 1925.

. UNITED STATES 1,523,378 PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS C. Lmmox, or rrrrsrmrn, MASSACHUSETTS, assmnoa 'ro GENERAL ELEG- rarc COMPANY, A CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

STATIONARY INDUCTION APPARATUS.

Application filed October 26, 1920. Serial m5. 419,662.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS C. LENNOX, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing atPittsfield, State of Massachusetts,

6 have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stationary Induction Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to stationary induc- 1 tion apparatus,-such as transformers, some reactors, and the like, which are cooled by the circulation of air over the windings and has for its object an improved arrangement of parts which is readily manufactured and adapted for quickly and efiicaciously cooling the windings.

In transformers and the like of the shell type, it has been the practice to dispose the windings in vertical planes, which construc- 20 tion readily lent itself to the circulation of air currents upwardly between the windings. Where, however, in order to get better magnetic balance in the respective parts of the coils, a circular construction is em- 25 ployed, mechanical considerations for securing the parts together not infrequently lead to a core type construction with horizontally disposed disc-coils. The methods heretofore employed in shell type constructions for effooting the circulation of air over the windings are not at all adapted to effecting a circulation of air without pockets over horizontally disposed disc-coil windings. It is with this latter type of winding that my invention is chiefly concerned.

In the practice of my invention, I have provided a novel arrangement of bafiles which causes the air or other similar cooling medium to traverse alternate inwardly and outwardly radially disposed paths and thereby cool by convection substantially the whole of the adjacently disposed'surfaces of each of the disc-coils comprising a winding of this type.

For a more complete understanding of the nature and objects of my invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in 1 which:

and Fig. 2 a vertical section of a transformer constructed to embody my invention; while Figs. 3 and 4 show details of certain baiile plates employed in the construction disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2.-

Fig. 1 is a plan view partly in section Referring now to the drawings, denotes a core of laminated magnetic material, on each leg 11 of which is mounted an interleaved disc-coil winding 12. The coils are themselves held in proper spaced relation by means of insulating collars 13 and radially disposed spacing devices 14 which latter also are made of insulating material. This spaced 'coil stack is itself insulated from the core by means of insulating cylinder 15.

It will be understood that in transformer construction, to which my invention is particularly applicable, the coils comprising windings 12 are suitably connected and arranged in high and low voltage groups; the collars 13 generally being disposed between such groups.

The core 10 with its windings is surrounded by a casing 20, and placed, when installed, over a pit or air chamber, as indicated at 21 in Fig. 2. This pit 21 is adapted to receive a. constant supplyof air from a convenient source, such as a fan (not shown), which source communicates with the pit through the passage 22; the pit being adapted to discharge into the casing through one or more openings, such as are shown at 23. The casing 20 has a cover 24 provided with valves 25 adapted to control the passage of air therethrough.

To direct properly the passage of the air through the casing and over the windings, baflling means are employed according to my invention. A top bafile plate (a plan view of which is shown in Fig. 3) has its central portion cut away as at 31 so as to fit down over the top portion of the core 10. The peripheral portion of this baflie has a plurality of deep recesses or openings cut therein, as indicated at 32 but otherwise is shaped to conform with the contour of the casing 20. The projecting portions 33 of the baffle 30 which remain between the recesses, accordingly make a snug fit against the interior sides of the casing 20.

In addition to having the centralportion of baflle 30 cut away to fit over the core, it has the end portions of the opening 31 each cut to have a circular contour that will 00- incide with the end of an insulating cylinder 15 inorder to permit the egress of air from between the-core and the cylinder.

A similar bailie late 35 (a plan view of which is shown in ig. 4) is cut to fit over the bottom portion of the core 10. This baffle is formed to fit against the sides of the with the lower ends of cylinders 15, thereby permitting a current of air freely to enter the space between the core and cylinder from the air pit 21.

When the baffle plates and are in place, it is seen that their openingsor recesses are in staggered relation. 'In-order, however, to force the air entering an opening or recess in the lower baffle plate to pass over the coil faces before making egress through an opening or recess in the upper balfie-plate,*I arrange a number of vertical baflie plates 40, generally radially disposed about the winding stac s to partition off the spaces over-the recesses in the lower baffle plate from those'under the recesses in the upper plate.

The vertical bafiie plates 40 are notched along the inner edges, as shown at 41, soas to fit over the collars 13. This inner edge of eachfbaflle 40 is otherwise straight and preferably fitssnugly against the edges of the coils of windings 12 between the spacing devices 14. g

From this construction, it ,is seen thatv air i or other cooling medium from the pit 21 in passing up through the openings in the lower baflie plate, enters a channel with a closed upper end. To find egress the air in such channel is compelled to pass about the edges of the vertical bafiies 40 along the side andthence intgwthe adjacent channels which have been partitioned off and provided with closed lower-ends butwith open upper ends by reason of the staggered relation of the openings employed in the baf fie plates 30 and 35. This .passage of the air follows generally radial directions inwardly and outwardly over the faces of the coils and about the edgesof the baflies 40,

which movement has been indicated by the arrows a in Fig. 1; the spacing devices 14 serving in this connection as baflies or .de-

flectors to facilitate this radial-movement.

It will be observed that the .air currents thus moving over the coil faces 'do not pass in succession over the various coils but pass in parallel streams thereover thus permitting a large volume of air to be quicklyand freely circulated through the windings and thereby approaching a substantially maxi mum cooling effect with a given volume of air. The volume of air passing and hence shown nor restricted in the choice of recog-' nized equivalents except as defined in my claims hereunto appended.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is 1. An electrical apparatus comprising windings enclosed in a casing and arranged in spaced relation along a rectilinear Winding axis, and baflling plates extending outwardly from the spaces between said windings and separating the space surrounding said windings-into a plurality of channels, said channels being provided alternately with entrance and exit openings-for a cool ing medium, whereby acooling medium sup plied through said entrance'openings is conducted to and from the spaces between said windings and about the inner edges of said baflling plates.

2. An electrical apparatus comprising disc-coil windings arranged in spaced relation along a rectilinear winding axis, asurrounding casing, baflie plates disposed withm said casing parallel to the planes of said wmdmgs and above and below the same, said plates being provided with staggered openings about their peripheries, and radial baffle plates disposed between said first named baflie plates and arranged about said windings in a manner to partition off the spaces below and above said openings whereby a cooling medium enterlng an opening in one of the first named bafiie lates will move 1n parallel streams about t e edge of a radial baffle, plate traversing the spaces between said windings to find egress through an opening in another of the first named baflieplates.

3. In transformers and the like, the combination' with a core, of horizontally disposed disc-coils arranged in spaced relation on a leg of the same, a casing surrounding the core and coils, horizontal bafile plates fitted over said core above and below said coils and provided with openings about their peripheries arranged in staggered relation, and vertical baflle plates disposed between said horizontal ba'flle plates in radial ar rangement' about said coils and placed so as to partition ofl the spaces respectively below and above the openings in said horizontal baflie plates. 1

In" witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 22nd day of Oct. 1920.

THOMAS C. LENNOX.

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