US1527810A - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 24, 1925. 1,527,810

R. A. MANEGOLD MAGNETIC SEPARATOR Filed Aug. 18, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 @barTQMa/w 0/(/ W22 Feb. 24. 1925. 1,527,810

R. A. MANEGOLD MAGNETIC SEPARATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 W a? M /7/// Patented .Feb. 24, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT A. MANEGOLD, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO DIN GS MAGNETIC SEPABATOR 00., OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN,

A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

Application filed August 18, 1922. Serial No. 582,626.

To all whom it may Concern:

Be it known that I, Ronnn'r A. MANEGOLD,

a citizen of the United States, and resident of Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magnetic Separators; and that the following is a description thereof.

This invention relates to magnetic separators, or pulleys, andis particularly di rected to a heavy duty pulley.

In magnetic separator practice consider able difficulty has been encountered in proucing a pulley capable of continuously operating at its maximum efiiciency or capacity without dangerous overheating. Various attempts have been made to increase the heat dissipation by increasin the metallic exposed surface of the pu ley.

full, clear, and exact These attempts have failed .to furnish an adequate solution of this problem, primarily for the twofold reason that a more bulky pulley necessarily results, and the hottest part of the exciting winding,-its central portion,is still uncared for.

A further source of trouble is the difficulty in securing a proper flux distribution, or substantially uniform distribution of the flux along the peripheral portion of the pulley.

This invention is designed to overcome those diiiiculties and a primary object,'there= fore, is to provide a magnetic pulley which fully solves these problems.

Further objects are to provide a magnetic pulley in which provision is made for ade quately cooling the hottest portion of the exciting windings, to provide a maximum radiating surface, to allow the cooling medium to pass through the exciting windings themselves, and to provide for the direct contact of the cooling-fluid with the exciting windings.

Further objects are to provide a magnetic pulley in which maximum current density may be safely. employed, in which maximum fiux density is attained, and in which a better'and substantially uniform flux distribution along the peripheral portion of the pulley is secured.

Embodiments of the invention are shown I do hereby declare tion of a magnetic pulley, showing one form of the invention.

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view with parts broken away, such section being taken vertically thru the pulley shown in Figure 1.

igure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4: is ahorizontal view of a drum type of magnetic pulley, such section corresponding to that taken on the line 44 of Figure 5.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view thru the structure shown in Figure 4, parts being broken away to more clearly illustrate the construction. I

The invention shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 will first be described. The magnetic pulley shown in these figures is adapted to cooperate with a conveyor belt 1, which is supplied with material to be separated from any suitable hopper or other source of supply in a well known manner. The pulley shown may be the driving pulley, if desired, or the pulley supporting the other end of the belt may be the driving pulley.

The magnetic pulley is carried upon a shaft 1, provided with suitable slip rings 2 suitably connected to the exciting windings. In the form shown in Figure 1, the central portion of the magnetic section of tle pulley comprises a hollow cylinder 3 o by a plurality of spokes merging into a hub One or both of the hubs may be suitably keyed to the shaft. A"plurality of central flanges 5 of magnetic material are accurately fitted to the hub and are secured in place by means of a plurality of elongated screws 6, the threaded portions of which are screwed into the central section 3. Between each of the flanges 5, exciting coils are wound, such coils. of course, being wound concentrically with the pulley. These exciting windings may comprise a plurality of independent windings or sections of the main winding, and may be formed so as to provide a pair of relatively small coils 7 and 8, positioned next to the cylinder portion, and a relatively thicker or wider coil 9, surrounding the coils 7 and 8.

It is to in the accompanying drawings, in which tions of each successive windings between I Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevathe flanges, are spaced apart so as to provide be noted that these coils, or seca plurality of radial passages 10, and a plurality of longitudinal or horizontal passages 11. These passages or ducts communicate with ports or ducts 12, and 13, formed, respectively, in the central portion 3 and in the flange portions 5. In this manner a plurality of intercommunicating ventilating ducts are provided thru whit-ha cooling fluid may be passed. As shown in Figure 1, the pulley,

faces of the pulley takes place. and in addition to this, a vast amount of heat is carried away bythe circulating cooling medium directly from the windings themselves.

In order to maintain the sections 7, 8 and 9 of each of the excitiipg windings in their proper position, and a so in order to facilitate the manufacture of the pulley, the following method is employed :1-'\ plurality of spaces 14 are positioned radially, as shown in full lines in Figure 1 and in dotted lines in'Figure 2, and the coils 7 and 8 are wound in position. These members or separators 14: are widely spaced so as to provide a plurality of radially extending ducts therebetween. WVhen the windings 7 and 8 have been completed, a relatively short horlzontal separator or spacer 15 is laid on top of such windingsfand the outer winding 9 is then formed directly over these members. These separators 15 may be circular, rectangular or arcuate in cross sectional contour, and are adapted to be widely spaced so as to form a plurality of horizontal or longitudinal ducts communicating with fitl'le radial ducts. The flanges may be provided with a plurality of independent and relatively small ducts or with a plurality of arcuate ducts 13. as shown. .At one end of the ducts 13 upon the end flanges, cup shaped fan members 16 are provided and may be integrally formed with the end flanges, as shown. If itis desired to have the circulation in the direction shown by the'arrows in Figure 1. it may be found expedient to put these cup shaped members at the leading edges of the areuate slots13. so as to cause a suction to 'be exerted, this suction, of course, cooperating with the centrifugal fan action of the radial duct 10. It is, of course, within the province of this invention vto provide any type of fan means desired, and to have the circulation in any desired direction thru the radial, and longitudinal ducts.

The windings are -protected by a serles Y of sheets or shells 17, which are formed of magnetic material and which'are of relatively thin cross section. These protecting bands are seated within slotted shouldered portions adjacent the outer periphery of the flanges, as may be seen in Figure 1. The pulley may be provided. with terminal or end flanges 18 to provide an extra support for the edges of the conveyor or belt 1.; These flangesmay or may not be of magnetic material. w It is, of course, understood that the ventilating feature may be applied to pulleys provided with non-magnetic bands in place of the magnetic bands 17. hen, however, the magnetic bands or protecting shells 17 are employed, the flux distribution is greatly as improved, as they serve to more uniformly distribute the flux along the periphery of the pulley. It .is found that the leakage directly across from flange to flange and thru these bands is not of serious conse quence, as the bands are substantially saturated, and that the flux .passes outwardly into the surrounding medium in a very uniform and well distributed manner. Any suitable means may be employed for se-- 5 curing theprotecting members 17 against sliding motion. a

The invention disclosed in Figures 4 and 5 will now be described. The pulley shown in these figures is of the drum type, in 1'94) which the hollow body portion or central portion 19 is adjustably held in a stationary position by any suitable external means, (not shown). About this central portion, a

drum or protecting shell 20 of magnetic 1 5 material is adapted to be rotated, such shell being spaced a slight distance from the outer periphery of the internal magnet members. This drum is carried upon shouldered portions 21 of end flanges 22, which are provided with hub sections 23, suitabl hushed and adapted to rotate upon the mem -i ber 19. One of the end flanges is adapted to have a driving member such as gear 24, (see Figure 4) secured thereto. minal flanges are provided with a plurality of apertures25, placing the interior of the drum in free communication with the'exterior so as to permit the free circulation of any desired cooling medium.

The magnets are formed in a manner similar to that shown in Figure 1, by proriding a plurality of spaced flanges 26 secured in any suitable manner, as by means of screws 27 upon the central magnetic member 19. These flanges adjacent the forward or downwardly traveling side of the drum 20, are extended, as shown in Figure 5 upon the op 'osite side,that is to say, the side corresponding to the upwardly trayel- These ter- 115 p of pairs of sections 33 that spacers '36 ing portion of the drum, the flanges are cut away, as indicated at 28. This provides a strong magnetic field along the downwardly traveling side of the drum and slightly past the bottom or lower portion so as to retain the magnetic material against the outer periphery of the drum until such drum has carried it past the bottom central portion. At this point, the magnetic material falls from the surface of the drum as the magnetic field dies out, due to the cut awayformation of the flanges.

In forming the exciting windings in this type of pulley, a plurality of relatively short radial separators or spacing members 29 are positioned, and the first pairs of sections 30 and 31 of" the windings are formed, as may be seen from .Figure 4. After these windings have been completed, a plurality of horizontal separators or spacers 32 are laid on top of these coils and the next set and 34 are formed, suitable radial spaces or separators 35 being provided. It is to be noted, from Figure 4, are also positioned between successive exciting windings to supplement the cutaway portions of the flan es and to securely position and space the adJacent portions of the exciting windings? In this manner, a plurality of radial ducts 37 and horizontal ducts 38 are provided, and are placed in intercommunicating relation with each other, the radial ducts opening into ports or ducts 39 formed in the central member 19, and the longitudinal'ducts opening into ports or ducts 40 formed in the flanges 26.

It will be seen that in this type of pulley,

a series of radial and longitudinal ventilating or cooling ducts are provided in a manner similar to that described in connection with Figure 1. However, in this type of pulley, the radial ducts are extended and pass outwardlyfbeyond the periphery of the windings and open into the space between the drum 20 and such windings.

Although fan means have not been shown in connection with this pulley, it isobvious that any suitable type may be employed, if desired. It is also to be understood that the ventilating feature of this type of pulley may be applied to pulleys in which the drum is of nonmagnetic material.

The drum 20, as described, is of magnetic material so as to proper distribution of flux along the entire periphery of the pulley in a manner similar to that described in connection with Figure 1. and it is intended that the terms employed in the claims to designate the protecting sheets or members 17 and 20, are intended to cover both types of protecting members, unless otherwise specifically limited by the terminology of the claims.

The separators or spacers may be formed of any desired material, preferably of a preferably aid in the non-magnetic and electrically non-conducting nature. They may, for instance, be

formed of wood, fiber or any other insulating material, or may be formed of suitably coated or insulated metallic material.

Although the body portion has been illustrated as composed of a central member and separate flanges secured thereto, it is of course obvious, that the flanges and body portion may be formed integrally, if desired, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

It will be seen that a magnetic pulley has been provided in which any desired type of cooling medium may beae ployed, and may be passed directly thru he windings themselves. In this manner the hottest portion of the exciting windings or coils is cooled directly and without depending upon the relatively inefiicient conduction thru the body of the coil and into the me tallic structure of the pulley.

It will be seen, therefore, that a very high I current density may be employed for the windings. and a correspondingly high flux density may be secured by these pulleys, thereby providing pulleys capable of continuous heavy duty work without dangerous overheating. I

It. will also be seen that by the provision of the protecting sheets 17 and 20 of these pulleys, that a highly efficient flux distribution is secured throughout the entire periphery of the pulley, and that the consequent poles of the magnet cooperate with these protecting sheets so as to secure the maximum total flux and a substantially uniform flux distribution.

Although certain forms of the invention have been described in considerable detail, it is to be understood that the invention may be embodied in widely different types of separators and that such invention is to be limited only as set forth in the appended claims. a

I claim:

1. A magnetic pulley comprising end pieces having ventilating apertures therein, a central hollow member secured to said end pieces, windings upon said central member and between said end pieces, said windings being composed of a plurality of axially spaced sections and radially spaced sections, and spacing bars located between said sections. whereby ventilating ducts are provided in said windings between-such spacing bars, said hollow center member having apertures alinging with certain of said ventilating ducts.

2. A rotary magnetic pulley comprising end pieces having arcuate ducts therethrough, vanes carried by said end pieces adjacent succeeding ends of said ducts and adapted to produce a circulation of air through said ducts, a hollow central member having aperv 'tures therethrough, a v vinding positioned zontal ducts communicating with said arouupon said central member and between said ate slots in the end members.

end pieces, said winding being, formed of a In testimony that I claim the foregoing plurality of annular sections separated by I have hereunto set my .hand at Milwaukee, horizontal spacing rods and having a pluin the county of ltfilwaukee and State of rality of axially spaced sections separated \Visconsin. by radial spacing members, and said hori- ROBERT A. MANEGOLD.

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