US1520063A - Manufacture of steel - Google Patents

Manufacture of steel Download PDF

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Publication number
US1520063A
US1520063A US648358A US64835823A US1520063A US 1520063 A US1520063 A US 1520063A US 648358 A US648358 A US 648358A US 64835823 A US64835823 A US 64835823A US 1520063 A US1520063 A US 1520063A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
steel
manufacture
potassium
cyanide
bath
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Expired - Lifetime
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US648358A
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Kuehnrich Paul Richard
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US648358A priority Critical patent/US1520063A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1520063A publication Critical patent/US1520063A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/58—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in more than one step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
    • C23C8/44—Carburising
    • C23C8/46—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/52—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in one step

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of steel, its object being to provide an improved cementation process by diffusion of the hardening constituents.
  • the process according to the present invention is carried out in a fused salt bath and comprises the simultaneous diffusion of the three elements, boron, carbon and nitro-
  • the articles to betreated are manufactured from iron or steel of the desired composition but with a lowerpercentage of carbon than is or would normally be required in the finished state. They are sus' pended in a bath of fused salts, thebulk of which consists of a relatively inert salt (or mixture) such as barium chloride or calcium chloride of the kind generally used for the heat treatment of steel. According to the present invention, however, hardening properties are imparted to'the ir0n-or steel by adding to this relatively inert salt proportions of other fusible salts containing boron, carbon and nitrogen.
  • a bath may be used consisting of 95% of barium chloride and 5% of calcium borate, potassium carbonate and potassium ferro-cyanide or potassium cyanide in equal proportions by weight.
  • What I claim is 1. The method of imparting hardening properties to iron or steel by suspending it in a bath of fused salts the bulk of which is relatively inert and is mixed with a proportion of other fusible salts containing boron, carbon and nitrogen, substantially as specified.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)

Description

gen.
Patented Dec. 23, 1924.
in. a ail STATEfi mam MANUFACTURE STEEL.
No Drawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, PAUL RICHARD KUnHNmciI, a subject of the King of England, residing at Sheffield, in Yorkshire,
England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to the Manufacture of Steel (for which I filed an application for patent in Great Britain on the 1st July, 1922, No. 18,105); and I 'do hereby declare that the following is a full,
clear, and exact description of the same.
This invention relates to the manufacture of steel, its object being to provide an improved cementation process by diffusion of the hardening constituents.
The process according to the present invention is carried out in a fused salt bath and comprises the simultaneous diffusion of the three elements, boron, carbon and nitro- The articles to betreated are manufactured from iron or steel of the desired composition but with a lowerpercentage of carbon than is or would normally be required in the finished state. They are sus' pended in a bath of fused salts, thebulk of which consists of a relatively inert salt (or mixture) such as barium chloride or calcium chloride of the kind generally used for the heat treatment of steel. According to the present invention, however, hardening properties are imparted to'the ir0n-or steel by adding to this relatively inert salt proportions of other fusible salts containing boron, carbon and nitrogen. Different salts in which one or more of these three elements are combined may be used according to circumstances and their proportions may vary. For example to provide mild steel (0.15 carbon) articles with a skin 40 which may be hardened sufficiently to scratch glass a bath may be used consisting of 95% of barium chloride and 5% of calcium borate, potassium carbonate and potassium ferro-cyanide or potassium cyanide in equal proportions by weight.
It appears that the boron first penetrates Application filed June 2a, 1923. Serial No. 648,858.
or coke may be used, and it is. found that articles suspended or immersed in the mixture of fused salts according to this invention are converted very much more rapidly than by any known cementation process. In addition to the case-hardening effect, a. diffusion and conversion to a very much greater depth also takes place.
What I claim is 1. The method of imparting hardening properties to iron or steel by suspending it in a bath of fused salts the bulk of which is relatively inert and is mixed with a proportion of other fusible salts containing boron, carbon and nitrogen, substantially as specified.
2. The method of im arting hardening properties to iron or stee by suspending it in abath of fused salts consisting of about 95% of barium chloride and of about 5% of calcium borate, potassium carbonate and potassium ferro-cyanide or potassium cyanide in substantially equal proportions,"substantially as specified.
3. The method of imparting hardening properties to iron or steel by suspending it in a bath of fused salts consisting of about of a mixture of barium chloride and calcium chloride and of about 5% of calcium borate, potassium carbonate and potassium ferro-cyanide or potassium cyanide in substantially equal proportions, substan-v 86 tially as specified.
In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.
PAUL RICHARD KUEHNRICH. Witnesses:
ARTHUR H. GREENWOOD, HAWTHORN ULRIoH'r.
US648358A 1923-06-28 1923-06-28 Manufacture of steel Expired - Lifetime US1520063A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US648358A US1520063A (en) 1923-06-28 1923-06-28 Manufacture of steel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US648358A US1520063A (en) 1923-06-28 1923-06-28 Manufacture of steel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1520063A true US1520063A (en) 1924-12-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US648358A Expired - Lifetime US1520063A (en) 1923-06-28 1923-06-28 Manufacture of steel

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