US1515135A - Illuminated globe - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 11 1924.

A. S. ALEXANDER ILLUMINATED GLOBE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 25 1924 X ATTORNEY Nov. 11 1924.

A. S. ALEXANDER ILLUMINATED GLOBE Fil June 25 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Nov. 11 1924' A. S. ALEXANDER ILLUMINATED GLOBE Filed Ju e 25 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 \\\\/6 \\1 INVENTOR H 5 fllerander Patented Nov. 11, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT crates-- ALEXAN'DEB S. ALEXANDER, 01' m ROCHELLE, NEW YC DHI.

ILLUKINA'IKD 7 GLOBE.

Application fled June 25, 1924. Serial Io. 788,887.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known,that I, ALEXANDER S. ALEX- ANDER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New Rochelle, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvenight conditions on any partof the globe at any season of the year.

The phenomena relating to the variation of day and night during the seasons of the year are not capable of ready demonstration by means of an ordinary solid globe. For on to try to study from such globes these variations a great many manipulations of the globe are necessary, and the procem becomes very tedious and confusing even to one making the study for his own benefit. It is much more difiicult to instruct others.

Furthermore such a globe must be of considerable size in order that the maps may be at a conveniently large scale, and this makes it impossible for an observer to see an entire hemisphere from one observation point. In fact only a small portion of the area, which can be seen by the eye, appears at all definitely. The fringes of the area recede so as to make these portions of the map indistinguishable.

The present invention, however, provides a globe, preferable made of translucent material. with suitable supporting devices, inclosed electric lamp and adjustable shadowproducing devices so that any desired condition may be reproduced very easily. The structures which form illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been designed with .a view of providing a globe with the suitable accessories and to so ar range the parts that the completed article is portable and ornamental. It will therefore be found to be both useful and ornamental, and is suitable for school rooms, ornamental lighting as in club rooms, or for advertising purposes."

In the accompanyin drawin there is shown for pu oses 0 illustrating the inventlon, two 0 the many possible embodiments in which the present invention may take form, it being understood that the,

drawings are merely illustrative of the invention which-is not limited to the details shown.

In these drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view through one embodiment of the invention, showing the parts 1n one position;

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the parts in a different position;

Fig. 2 is a section on the broken lines 2-2 of Fig. 1 showing parts in elevation;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a top view showing a portion tion of the globe;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the device shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view through another form of the invention taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 7 and showing parts in elevation;

Fig. 7 is an elevational view taken from the:1 left of Fig. 6 showing parts in section; an

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view in the plane of line 8-8 of Fig. 6.

The form of invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to fi'inclusive is provided with a translucent glob 10 made of glass, mica or the like on which is painted, molded or otherwise inserted or applied by decalcomania or other processes a representation or ma of the earths surface. As here shown, t is globe is supported from an arm 11 which is rotatable on the top of-a base or sup rt 12, the axis of the globe being plac angle of 23 with the vertical.

The outer end 13 of the arm 11 is recessed as at 14 and a tubular member 15 is suitably fastened to the arm as for example by threads as shown. A lobe su porting member 16 is carried on t e outsi e of the tube 15 and is provided with an arm 17 and an external ring 18 which extends beyond the W lever and. 19 of the globe. A supat an porting ring 20 is fastened to the ring 18 so as to provide a member extending through the open end of the globe. The globe supporting member 16 is freely mounted on the tube 15 and a milled ring 21 is preferably provided to facilitate turning the globe supporting ring and the globe. A frame work 22 is suitably fastened to the upper end of the tube 15, a convenient arrangement being shown in the form of an apertured foot 23 threaded on to the outside of the tube 15, so as to rigidly support it from the arm 11. This frame work 22 preferably includes a harp 22' which extends rearwardly as shown where it passes behind a lamp and shield to be described. The upper end 24 of the harp 22 is forwardly bent as shown and is preferably provided with a threaded stud 25 which extends outwardly. The globe has an upper hole 26 somewhat larger than stud 26 and a bushing 26 is interposed as shown. An ornamental nut 27 is threaded on to the stud 25 and holds the globe in place. The nut preferably has wings or extensions 28 which extend on to the top of the globe. The structure so far described provides a convenient mounting for the globe and permits it to be readily turned about its polar axis.

The central portion of the harp 22" is slotted as shown at 29, Fig. 1, and another part of the frame work, in the form of a U-shaped member 30, is fastened to the harp by means of screws 31 passing through the slots 29. The sides 32 and 33 of the U- shaped member are spaced sufficiently to accommodate an electric lamp 34 and a portion 35 of an interposed shield.

As here shown the shield has'parallel side walls 36 and 37 which are pivotally mounted on the ends 38 of the U. A convenient way of mounting these is to pass a bolt 39 through the side wall 36 and the end 38 of the U and attach a nut 40 to the outer end of the bolt. To the rear of the lamp the shield is provided with a back portion 41 which is fastened to the side walls in any convenient manner. The side and back walls of the shield are fastened in any suitable manner to a flat plate 42 which extends nearly tothe upper end 24 of the frame work. Wings or flaps 43 and 44 are hinged to the lateral edges 45 and 46 of the plate 42 in such a manner that they may be folded from the full line position of Fig. 3 to the dotted line position. Stops 47 are provided on the back side of the wings 43 and 44 to limit the outward movement of the wings. These wings together with the plate 42 of the shield form a circular shield which is adapted to extend substantially across the interior of the globe. When the wings or flaps 43 and 44 are in the dotted line position as indicated in Fig. 3 the glass globe may be passed, downwardly over the folded shield into position and subsequently the wings are separated by inserting the fingers up through the holes 59 in the supporting member 16.

The lamp socket 48 may be mounted in the lower portion of the shield in the manner shown so as to bring the center of the lamp at approximately the center line of the pivot studs 39. In this manner the outer portion of the filament is approximately in the plane of the shield and the shield is caused to cast a circular shadow on to the globe.

Suitable mechanism is also provided for tilting the screen so as to vary its position about the pivotal mounting 39. As here shown, the lower end of the shield is provided with straps 50 and 51 which are fastened to the upper side of a circular rack 52. This rack is in mesh with a pinion 53 fixed with the upper end of a shaft .54 mounted inside a tube 55 which is fastened in the apertured foot 23 of the frame work. The shaft 54 extends down through the lower end of the supporting arm 11 and is provided with a milled head 56 so that one may easily turn the shaft and thereby tilt the lamp and shield in any position as indicated by the dotted line positions in Fig. 1. In this manner one is able to vary the position of the shadow in accordance with the variation of shadow cast by the sun on the earth during the change in the seasons. The globe may be turned to illustrate the variation of day and night in accordance with the seasons.

In order to Visually indicate the month corresponding with the position of the shadow one may provide a scale such as indicated at 57 in Fig. 4, which may be painted on the glass if desired. This scale will be calibrated according to the position of the earths shadow at the various seasons and appropriate marks made on the glass. When the shadow producing shield 42 is in the dotted line position to the right of Fig. 1 the north frigid zone of the globe will be in darkness. As the shield 42- is shifted toward the full line position, the shadow produced becomes narrower, that is, a smaller circular area near the pole is at all times in the shadow during the turning of the globe 011 its axis. As the shield is further shifted, as for example, toward the left dotted line position of Fig. 1 the pole will be illuminated at all'times. The right hand position of the plate corresponds with the winter solstice and the extreme left hand position of the plate with the summer solstice.

According to the form of invention shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, the globe 10 is in two parts 60 and 60", a double flanged ring 61 holding them together at the center. The lower half 60 of the globe is carried on a. ring 62 supported on a ball bearing in the upper end of a hollow standard 63. This standard is here shown as being supported on the translucent globe I part of the ring 1s provided with an extension 69 which passes up through the bushing 70 carried in an aperture in the upper part 60" of the globe. A small milled nut .71 threaded on the upper end of the extension holds the parts in place. The rin 68 is also provided with a central boss 72 rom which is suitably mounted an inwardly extending lamp socket 73 which is adapted to carry a lamp 74, as shown. Supply wires for the lamp extend from the base 64, the top 65 and pass alongside of the ring 68 and through the hole 75 in the socket mounting.

A ring 76 is supported from the boss 72 and the diametrically opposite point 78 of the ring 68. This ring is located in the equa torial belt of the globe and is provided for the purpose of pivotally supporting an interior shield 79. This shield is in the form of a hemispherical metal stamping which is.

supported on pins 80 projecting from the equatorial ring 76. This stamping is slotted as shown at 81 in orderito accommodate thesupport for the socket 73,- and is provided with an arcuate circular rack 82 interengageable with a pinion 83 carried on a shaft 84 which passes through the extension 69. The upper end of this shaft 84 is provided with a button 85 by whigl one may readily adjust the osition of the shield; turning it back and orth on the axes of the pins 80 as indicated in dotted lines. A plate 86 is here shown as being fixed to the extension 69 and this ringis rovided with the signs of the zodiac and t e month and day indication of the shadow position. The drawing shows one-half of the calendar marking and zodiac signs on the front side of the plate 86; it is contemplated that the other. half of these markings would be placed on the other side of the plate. A screen 87 is attached to the rin 68 and is long enough to obstruct the hght which would otherwise pass from the lamp 74 through the slot 81 in the hemispherical.

shield. V

The invention has been shown as applied to a terrestrial globe but it can also be applied to the celestial globe as well. The device can serve to illustrate siderial movement as well as the diurnal motion. The globe with its adjustment is also applicable to lamps which are suspended in various ways insteiad of being supported by a base or stan I claim:

1. In combination, a translucent globe, I mountings for the globe to permit it to be producing a shadow on p supported inside the globe and independent of the rotatable mountings for the globe, and a shield inside the globe for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe.

3. In combination, a translucent globe, mountings for the globe to permit it tobe revolved on a polar axis, an electric lamp supported inside the globe, a shield inside the globe for producing'a shadow on approximately one half the globe, and means for varying the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow.

4. In combination, a translucent globe, mountings for the globe to permit it to be revolved on a polar axis, an electric lamp supported inside the globe, a shield inside the globe for producing a shadow on approxlmately one half the globe, and an externally accessible device for varying the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow.

5. In combination, a translucent globe, mountings for the globe to permit it to be revolved on a polar axis, an electric lamp supported inside the globe and independent of the rotatable mountings for the globe, a shield inside the globe for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, and an externally accessible device for varying the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow.

6. In combination, a translucent globe, mountings for the globe to permit it to be revolved on a polar axis, an electric lamp supported inside the globe, a shield'inside the globe for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, a rack carried by the shield, and a cooperable pinion provided with an operating handle outside the globe for varying the position of the shield.

7. In combination, a translucent globe,

mountings for'the-globe 'to permit it to be revolved on a polar axis, an electric lamp supported inside the globe, a shield inside the globe for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, a rack carried b the shield, and a cooperable pinion provi ed with an operating handle outside the globe for varying the position of the shield, the pinion shaft being in the polar axis of the globe.

8. In combination, a translucent globe, mountings for the globe to permit it to be III \ axis, a shield inside the revolved on a polar axis, an electric lamp supported inside the globe and independent of the rotatable mountings for the globe, a shield inside the globe for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, a rack carried by the shield, and a cooperable pinion provided with an oper-- ating handle outside the globe for varying and means for varying'the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow.

11. In combination, a translucent globe, an,electric lamp supported inside the globe, the mountings for the globe and lamp permitting relative movement about a polar axis, a shield inside the globe for producing a shadow on substantiall one half the globe, and an externally accessible device for varying the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow.

12. In combination, a translucent globe,

an electric lamp supported inside the globe,

the mountings for the globe and lamp permitting relative movement about a polar lobe for producing a shadow on substantially one half the globe, a rack carried by the shield, and a cooperable pinion provided with an operating handle outside the globe for varying the position of the shield.

13. In combination, a supporting base, a translucent 'lobe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a framework inside the globe and carried from the base, an extension from the top of the framework passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp carried by the frame, and a shield pivotally mounted on the frame about an equatorial axis for producing a shadow on approximate-1y one half the globe.

14. In combination, a supporting base, a translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a framework inside the globe and carried from the base, an extension from the top of the framework passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp carried by the frame, a shield pivotally mounted on the frame about an equatorial axis for producin a shadow on approximately one half the gobe, and an externally accessible device for varying the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow.

15. In combination, a supporting base, a translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a framework inside the globe and carried from the base, an extension from the top of the framework passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp carried by the frame, a shield pivotally mounted on the frame about an equatorial axis for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, a rack carried by .the shield, and a cooperable pinion provided with an operating handle outside the globe for varying the position of the shield.

16. In combination, a supporting base, a translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a framework inside the globe and carried from the base, an extension from the top of the framework passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp carried by the frame, a shield pivotally mounted on the frame about an equatorial axis for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, a rack carried by the shield, and a cooperable pinion mounted on a shaft passing through said extension from the framework whereby the position of the shield may be varied to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow.

17. In combination, a translucent globe,

mountings for the globe to permit it to be revolved on a polar axis, an electric lamp supported inside the globe, a shield inside the globe for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, means for varying the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow, and

indicating means to show the season corresponding with the shadow.

18. In combination, a translucent globe, an electric lamp supported inside the globe, the mountings for the globe and lamp permitting relative movement about a polar axis, a shield inside the globe for producing a shadow on substantially one half the globe, means for varying the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow, and indicating means to'show the season corresponding with the shadow.

19. In combination, a supporting base, a translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a framework inside the globe and carried from the base, an extension from the top of the framework passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp carried by the frame, a shield pivotally mounted on the frame about an equatorial axis for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, an externally accessible device for varying the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow, and indicating means to show the season corresponding with the shadow.

20. In combination, a supporting base, a

translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a framework inside the globe and carried from the base, an extension from the top of the framework passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp carried by the frame, a shield pivotally mounted on the frame about an equatorial axis for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, an externally accessible device for varying the position of the shieldto reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow, and

indicating means to show the season corresponding with the shadow, said means being supported on said extension.

21. In combination, a supporting base, a translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a framework inside the globe and carried from the base, an extension from the top of the framework passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp carried by the frame, a shield pivotally mounted on the frame about an equatorial axis for producing a shadow on approximately one half the globe, a rack carried by the shield, a cooperable pinion mounted on a shaft passing through said extension from the framework whereby the position of the shield may be varied to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow, and indicating means to show the season corresponding with the shadow, said means being supported on said exten- S1011.

22. In combination, a supporting base, a two part translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a circular ring carried by the upper part of the base and having an extension passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp rigidly mounted in the ring, an equatorial ring carried by the first ring, and a shield pivotally mounted in the equatorial ring and adapted to produce a shadow on approximately one half the globe.

23. In combination, a supporting base, a two part translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a circular ring carried by the upper part of the base and having an extension passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp rigidly mounted. in the ring, an equatorial ring carried by the first ring, a shield pivotally mounted in the equatorial ring and adapted to produce a shadow on approximately one half the globe, a rack carried by the shield, and a cooperable pinion mounted on a shaft passing through said extension from the framework whereby the position of the shield may be varied to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow.

24. 'In combination, a supporting base, a two part translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a circular ring carried by the upper part of the base and having an extension passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp rigidly mounted in'the' ring, an equatorial ring carried by the first ring, a shield pivotally mounted in the equatorial ring and adapted to produce a shadow on approximately one half the globe, and means for varying the osition of the shield to reproduce seasona variations of the shadow.

25. In combination, a supporting base, a two part translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a circular rin carried by the upper part of the base an having an extension passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp rigidly mounted in the ring, an equatorial ring carried by the first ring, a shield pivotally mounted in the equatorial ring and adapted to produce a shadow on approximately one half the globe, means for varying the osition of the shield to reproduce seasona variations of the shadow, the shield being slotted to accommodate the lamp mounting, and a covering strip carried by the first circular ring for covering the slot in the shield.v

26. In combination, a supporting base, a two part translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a circular rin carried by the upper part of the base an having an extension passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp rigidly mounted in the ring, an equatorial ring carried by the first ring, a shield pivotally mounted in the equatorial ring and adapted to produce a shadow on approximately one half the globe, means for varying the position of the shield to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow, and indicating means to show the season corresponding with the shadow.

27. In combination, a supporting base, a two part translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a circular rin carried by the upper part of the base an having an extension passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp rigidly mounted in the ring, an equatorial ring carried by the first ring, a shield pivotally mounted in the equatorial ring and adapted to produce a shadow on approximately one half the globe, a rack carried by the shield, a cooperable pinion mounted on a shaft passing throu h said extension from the framework where y the position of the shield may be varied to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow, and indicating means to show the season corresponding with the shadow, said means being supportedon said extension.

28. In combination, a supporting base, a two part translucent globe rotatably mounted at the top thereof, a circular rin carried by the upper part of the base an having an extension passing through the upper pole of the globe, a lamp rigidly mounted in the ring, an equatorial ring carried by the first ring, a shield pivotally mounted in the equatorial ring and adapted to produce a shadow on approximately one half the globe, a rack carried by the shield, a cooperable pinion mounted on a shaft passing through said extension from the framework whereby the position of the shield may be varied to reproduce seasonal variations of the shadow, indicating means to show the season corresponding with the shadow, said means being supported on said extension, the shield being slotted to accommodate the lamp mounting, and a covering strip carried by the first circular ring for covering the slot in the shield. 10 Signed at New York city in the county of New York and State of New York this 23rd day of June 1924.

ALEXANDER s. ALEXANDER.

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