US1512236A - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

' P. PHELPS CRUSj-IER Filed Aug. 24 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l Patented Oct. 21, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL PHELPS, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO VOGT BROTHERS MFG. 00., OF

LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY, CORPORATION.

CRUSHER.

Application filed August 24, 1921. Serial No. 495,048.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that PAUL PHELPS, a citizen of the United States, residing at C0- lumbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, has invented certain new and useful Improvements in Crushers, of which the following is a specification.

' This invention relates to improvements in crushing machinery, and is particularly directed to a crusher adapted for the purpose of reducing coal inorder that the latter material may be rendered adaptable for use by mechanical stokers.

An object of the invention resides in the provision of an improved coal crusher whereinvfeatures of construction are pro. vided forthe purpose of enabling the material to be reduced to a substantially uniform state and wherein substantially all over-size lumps or particles heretofore secured from similar crushers will be reduced to the desired size, in order that the coal may be efficiently employed by such mechanical, stokers.

Other objects of the'invention reside in the provision of a crusher which will be of substantial and simple construction and efficient in operation, having a relatively large capacity and capable of operating for extended periods without requiring repairs,

adjustments, or other manual attention.

The invention consists primarily in the provision of a crusher wherein is embodied a suitable supporting framework or housing, the latter being adapted to carry a hinged breaker plate and a relatively spaced oscillating crusher plate, the latter having van eccentric crushing surface, whereby when the latter plate is oscillated the eccentric surface thereof will move in a forward and downward direction on its advance stroke and a backward and upward motion on the return stroke. The invention further consists in the provision of means for effecting the oscillation of the plate, the arrange inent of parts being such that the material fed between said plates will be subject to a rolling action, thus giving the material an opportunity to shear along natural cleavage planes, rat-her than requiring it to be crushed by direct compression, and the invention also consists in the release of the crushed material at the point of discharge by the drawing away of the bottom of the oscillating plate on its return stroke, there? by securing relief from pressure at the point of discharge.

With these and other objects view, that will appear as the description proceeds, the

invention accordingly, consists in the novel features of construction, combinations jof elements and arrangements of parts, hereinafter to be fully described and particularly" pointed out in the appended claims. In the accompanying drawings-forming a part of this specification, and in which similar characters of reference denote like and corresponding parts throughout the several views thereof: Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved crushing machine comprising the present invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan View thereof. Figure. 3 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line 33 of Figure 2.

Figure t is an enlarged vertical sectional vlew disclosmg the oscillating breaker plate in its lowermost posltion of operation, and,

Figure 5 is a similar view disclosing the said oscillating breaker plate in its uppersuch for exam le as b means of the strut or tie member 4. Transversely ournaled in the frame is a power shaft 5 which may have one of 'its outer ends equipped with a fly or belt wheel 6, by means of which power from any suitable prime movermay be imparted to the machine. The other end of the shaft 5 is equipped in this instance,

with a cog gear 7, which meshes with a larger cog gear 8, fixed to aneccentric shaft 9. r i a p The shaft 9 is transversely mounted within the sides 2 for rotation and is provided paired or replaced.

interir'iediately of its length, in this particular form of the invention, with an eccentric or its equivalent 10 around which is positioned the strap 11 of a longitudinally extending link 12. The forward or other end of the link is pivotally connected as at 13 with spaced ears 14: integrally formed, if desired, upon the upper part of an oscillating crusher plate 15, which is confined for operation between the fame sides 2 and adapted to be situated immediately beneath the receiving mouth or hopper 16 of the machine and form a continuation thereof. Also mounted between the sides 2 and cooperating with the oscillating crusher plate is a normally stationary breaker plate 1? which also forms acontinuation of the hopper. The plate 17 has its upper end hinged as at 18 to the forward and upper edges of the sides 2 and is formed with a downwardly and concavely curved portion 19 which. ter- 'minates ina substantially straightangularly extending portion 20.

Said straight portion cooperates with the eccentrically mounted and'curved crushing surface 21 of the plate 15. The relative arrangement of the plates is such that the greater space between them will be found inin'iediately beneath the re ceivi'ng mouth 16, and the narrower space "at the lower or discharging ends of the said plates. Attention is also particularly directed to the fact that the portion of the plate 17 which lies nearest to the center of the shaft 24 is at its lowest extremity, and that the plate recedes upwardly from said shaft. As a result of thisconstruction and of the eccentricity of the oscillatory jaw the opening through which the coal escapes from between the jaws increases in size as the oscillatory jaw moves upwardly.

"The oscillating breaker plate has its ends provided with longitudinally disposed wings 22 which are provided with bearings for the reception of a substantially stationary shaft 24, which has its ends connected in any suitable manner with the sides 2, the arrangement being such that upon the rotation of the shaft 9 oscillatory motion will be imparted to the crusher-plate 15. The curved 'sui*face'21, of the crusher plate, which constitutes an important feature of the present invention, is formed to include a pocket 25, in which are seated removable wear plates 26, siiitably'hardened to resist wear and reinovably secured'to the plate 15 by means of threaded devices or their equivalents 27, which permit the plate 26 to be readily re- The plate 26 is formed to include a plurality of outwardly tapering sockets 28, in which are re-movably posi- .tioned a plurality of crushing teeth 29, the LSdlCl teeth being of graduated size, the smaller being situated toward the lower end of the plate 15 and the large-r toward the upper end thereof, thus providing teeth of a size to correspond to the size of the material engaged thereby. lt will be understood that the base portions of the teeth will conform to the shape of the sockets 28, in order that the said teeth will be firmly held against displacement when the plate is in active operation. It will be observed that the outer surface of the wear plate 26, which in reality constitutes the effective crushing surface of the oscillating crusher plate, is formed by a plurality of radii in order to perform certain functions. Theeecce ntricity of the surface may be observed by reference to the centers hand B. The former is the center from which the lower portion of the plate 15 is struck, such portion being indicated l the numeral 30, and the point B is the center of a circleiroin which the upper portion 31 of the eccentric surface of the crusher plate is struck. Both of said centers, ii and B, are eccentric with respect to the shaft 2 1, therefore the crushing surface 21 as a whole is eccentric to the center of oscillation determined by the shaft 2 1, that is, the distance from the center of the shaft 24- to the surface 30 is less than the distance to the suriace indicated by the numeral 31.

The eccentricity of the surface 21 as a whole provides a pocket between the plates 15 and 17 into which material to be crushed may be positioned, whereby upon the rotation of the shaft 9, the desired oscillatory motion will be imparted to the plate 15. Then, due to the construction of this plate, the material confined between the movable and stationary plates will be subjected to a rolling action, thus giving the material an opportunity to shear along natural cleavage planes instead of requiring it to be crushed by the direct application of pressure or compression. Since the surface 31 is farther from the center of'tlie shaft than the surface 30, it follows that the greatest amount of movement will be imparted to the breaker plate adjacent to the upper part thereof, and

this motion is utilized on the larger lumps of material placed in the mouth of the machine, to reduce the size of such lumps which permits the same to be further reduced on pulverized in the lower part of the crusher.

It will be seen that as the coal or other mas tions or their equivalents 33 formed in the outer-face thereof, and designed for'cooperation with similar corrugations 34 provided either horizontally or vertically in the lower portion 30 of the plate 15, said corrugations serving to insure the crushing of lit) long thin plates of material that might otherwise pass between the jaws of the machine. As the plate 15 advances, a rotary forward and downward motion is simulta neously imparted thereto, which causes the teeth 29 and the eccentric surface 21, as a whole, to engage with the coal to be crushed or broken to a reduced size by such rolling action between the plate, but nevertheless permit the finer particles of the coal to be fed toward the restricted space provided between the lower portions of the plates 15 and 17. The finely or properly crushed materials are discharged from the machine upon the upward and return stroke of the plate 15. This is accomplishedby the increased opening upon the return stroke of the plate 15 between the bottom of said plate and thebreaker plate 17. This increased opening is brought about by the reason of the relative location of the pivot point of the plate 15 with its shaft 24 and the lowest edge of the plate 15 with reference to the plate 17. By this construction, it will be appar ent that it is through the medium of the arcuate formation of the plate 15 that the functions of the present invention are carried out and it is to this element particularly that the invention is addressed. The said arcuate surface serves to produce the desired rolling crushing action upon the down stroke of the plate and the release or rearward movement of the plate upon the upward stroke thereof. It will be understood that the hinged breaker. plate may be provided with a suitable spring operating release mechanism 35, which will serve to permit of relative movement of the plate. 17 with respect to the plate 15 upon the entering of any substance harder than that calculated for the crushing power of the plates or jaws.

Reduced to its simplest form, the foregoing machine includes the following mechanical elements: a base line (the relatively stationary plate 17), an arcuate member movable adjacent thereto (face of plate 15) having a center at A which is supported by one end of a bell crank having a pivot at 24, the other end being connected to an actuating link 12 at the center 13, see Fig. 4. If it be assumed that face 30 be equidistant from the plate at all times, then the bell crank cannot move or of necessity the center A must coin- I cide with center 24 and not be eccentric thereto. Therefore, when the center A is eccentric to the center 24 and the bell crank is tilted, the curved face 30 must move with respect to the base line orplate 17, and herein since the radius of curvature is less than the radius from face 30 to center 24, the surface 30 moves away from "plate 17 upon the upward stroke of the plate 15 or the clockwise tilting of'the bell crank. Upon the reverse tilting, the plate 15 approaches the plate 17 and crushing occurs. From the foregoing it is obvious that the corollary, i. e., when the distance from the center A to the face 30 exceeds the distance from the face to the center 24, the clockwise, tilting or upward movement will cause plate 15 to approach the plate 17, and upon the reverse face including two distinct adjacent arcuate surfaces with their respective centers of curvature eccentric to the center of oscillation, said curved surface extending on each side of said center for effecting relief of pressure in the actuation of the crusher.

2. A crusher including abreaker plate,

and an oscillatory crusher plate having a curved crushing surface including two distinct ad acent arcuate surfaces, said surfaces extending on each side of the center of oscillation, the arcuate surface adjacent the breaker plate having its center eccentric to the oscillation center and of smaller radius than the other portion of said surface for efiecting relief of pressure in the actuation of the crusher.

' 3. A crusher including a breaker plate, and an oscillatory crusher plate having a curved crushing surface including two dis tinct adjacent arcuate surfaces, said surfaces. extending on each side of said center of oscillation, the arcuate surface adjacent thebreaker platehaving its center eccentric to the oscillation center and of smaller radius than the other portion of said surface, and said other arcuate surface having its center also eccentric to the oscillation center for effecting a relief of pressure in the actuation of the crusher.

4. In a crusher, an oscillatory crusher other arcuate surface having a smaller radius than the first arcuate surface.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

PAUL PHELPS.

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