US1497793A

US1497793A - Permutation lock

Info

Publication number: US1497793A
Application number: US601270A
Authority: US
Inventors: John L Saunders; Jesse C Saunders
Original assignee: JOHN L GUERRANT
Current assignee: JOHN L GUERRANT
Priority date: 1922-11-16
Filing date: 1922-11-16
Publication date: 1924-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 1941-06-17

Description

June 17 1924. 1,497,793

J. LVSAUNDERS ET AL PERMUTATION LOCK Filed Nov. 15 1922 3 Shgets-Shet 2 57 V a-n'ue'nfduz J.IL.SAU N DERS d .C ,SAUNDERS,8

Patented June 17, 1924.

UNITED s'rarns r ATENT ,7 OFFIC JOHN L. SAUNDERS AND JESSE o. sacnnnns, F snnanra, MIssoUR nssIeNoRs or ONE-HALF TO JOHN L. GUER-RANT, or SEDALIA, MISSOURI.

PER'MUT'ATIDN LOCK.

Application filed November 16, 1922.v Serial no, 601,270.

To all whom it may concern Be-it'kno-wn that we, JOHN L..SAUNDERS and Jesse G. SAUNnnns, citizens of United States,residing at Sedalia, in the county of Pettisj and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Permutation Locks, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to. the accompanying drawing.

The present invention relates to permutation locks, and aims to provide such a lock comprising a novel construction and assemblage OftllQCOIllPODGDt elements to provide an advantageous andeflicient lock.

A more specific object ofthe invention is the provision of a plurality of relatively rotatable tumblers or members assembled as a unit in-a novel manner, which can be handled or manipulated as auuit without the parts separating or falling apart.

Another object is the provision of a. novel arrangement providing for changes in the combination under certain required conditions, and enabling such changes in combination to'be made without separating the parts of the tumbler unit or device.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, whichwill be apparent as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes can be made within the scope of whatis claimed, without departing from th spirit of the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a front view of one. "form of lock embodying the present improvements, and intended particularly as a car door or similar lock. k i

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical longitudinal section on the line 22 of Fig. 1, with the lock detached from its support.

Figs. 3 and t are cross or horizontal sections on the

respective lines

33 and 44 of Fig. 2. a

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the latch pin or spindle. a

. Fig. 6 is a sectional view similar toFig. 2

showingv the latch pin or spindl removed and replacedby a combination-changing key or member. s i

.,Fig. 7', is a cross or horizontal section taken onthe line 77 of 6. i

Fig. 8 is a median section of another form device.

aperture for securing it to the wall or of lock, portions being shown' in elevation," the device being a padlock.

Fig. 9 is a section onthe line 99 of Fig. 8. i

Fig 10 is anele'vation of another modified form of lock, shown as a padlock, With the shackle open.

Fig; 11 is a median section ofthe padlock shown in Fig. 10, portions being shown in elevation, with the parts in looking position.

Fig.12 is a median section of still another; variation, showing the improvements incorporated in a lock for; the steering, column of ZtlllOtOl vehicle, portions being shown in elevation. I

Referring to the firsttype oflock shown in Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive, which is intended particularly for use asia car door lock, or the like, and which isshown in a vertical position altho'ugh it may be used in other positions. there is provided a frame comprising the back plate having the apertures 21 for fastening same to the car Wall or other support. Said plate has the

outstanding ears

22, 23, 24 and 25,and the

ears

22, 23, and 24 havethe apertures 26 through which the latch pin or spindle 28 is inserted,

being moved downwardly through said ears witlf the lock in" upright position as shown. The lower ear has a socket 29. for receiving'the lower end of the spindle 28, to 13101380138211116, and thehasp or other object to beheld is engaged by the spindle between the

ears

23 and 24, as seen in Fig 1. The spindle 28 has a head30 at its upper I end to seat on the ear 22, and, said spindle has an aperture 31 to be located between the ears 2-4Land 25 for receiving a seal, in order to preventthelatch pin or spindle being slid to open position without breaking the seal, even. though the particular combination is known. 1

, xi hood .or shield 32 is disposed above the plate 20 and spindle 28, for protecting the lock, and also, limitingthe upward movement. of the spindle. in order to prevent the spindle being withdrawn from the tumbler The back of the hood 32 has an .20, .therebya. preventing the] hood 32 from turning even though .a' single securing. element is used for fastening the hood to the support. The hood 32 and frame plate are thus interengaged at their adjacent ends to prevent the hood from turning out of. position. The hood 32 can be removed, however, when it is desired to withdraw the spindle 28 completely from the tumbler de: vice, such as for the purpose of changing the combination, as will hereinafter more fully appear.

Disposed between the

ears

22 and 23 of the frame is a set of rotatable tumblers of annular form, and designated 36, 37 and 38. These tumblers or

rings

36, 37 and 38 are disposed end to endor are superimposed in alinement or coaxial with one another, to register with the apertures 26 for the insertion of the spindle 28 through said tumblers or the sliding movement of said spindle when the tumblers are in set position. Each of the tumblershas a lug 39 projecting into the aperture thereof, and the spindle 28 has a longitudinal groove 40 and annular circumferential grooves 41, one for each lug 39, intersecting the groove 40. The ear 22 also has a lug 42 projecting into its aperture to engage in the groove 40, requiring the spindle 28 to be slid down in a predeteras a unit, to prevent them from being separated even when the tumbler device is removed from the frame, and the connections between the tumblers also provide for the free movements of the tumblers relatively. to one another about their axes. The tumblers have interfitting portions. Thus, the

tumblers

37 and 38 have the bosses or necks 43 entering recesses 44 in the

respective tumblers

36 and 37, whereby the tumblers have portions fitted together telescopically. The overlapping portions of the tumblers have the confronting complemen ta-ry annular grooves 45 in which the annular sets of balls 46 are disposed, whereby the balls provide anti-frictional connections between the tumblers, as well as securing the tumblers together against separation. The

tumblers

36 and 37 have the apertures extending from the corresponding grooves 45 to the outer periphery of said tumblers to enable the balls to be inserted and removed, and saichapertures 47 are norman closed by the'serew plugs 48 therein;

sembled as a unit to be handled or manipulated without the tumblers falling apart. Thus, the tumbler unit or device, when removed from the frame, will remain intact, and the tumblers can only be separated by removing the screw plugs 48 and permitting the balls 46 to drop out through the apertures 47.

Index members are associated with the tumblers for setting the tumblers according to a predetermined combination, and, as shown, said members'constitute the

rings

49, and 51 surrounding and fitted on the

respective tumblers

36, 37 and 38, the

rings

49 and 51 having the inturned annular flanges 51' overlapping the

respective tumblers

36 and 38, whereby the rings or

bands

49, 50 and 51 completely surround and enclose the tumblers. The index rings or members are used for turning the tumblers, and are capable of being set in different angular positions with reference to the corresponding tumblers, for changing the combination. The combination changing means include the radial holding pins or members 52 slidably mounted in the

tumblers

36, 37 and 38 and having their outer ends rounded to engage in the rounded notches or recesses 53 provided in the inner peripheries of the

rings

49, 50 and 51. The inner ends of the pins 52 abut the spindle 28, preventing said pins from moving inwardly when the spindle is within the tumblers, and this retains the outer ends of the pins 52 in the corresponding notches 53. The

rings

49, 50 and 51 have annular sets of notches 53 for the engagement of the pins 52, to change the combination. Coiled springs 54 surround the pins 52 and are confined between the flanges 55 on said pins and the shoulders 56 in the apertures with which the tumblers are provided, whereby the springs tend to move the pins 52 outwardly. As long as the spindle 28 is in place, the pins 52 are retained in the corresponding notches 53, so that each of the index rings and corresponding tumbler are compelled to turn one with the other. The

rings

49, 50 and 51 being turned will therefore turn the tumblers accordingly.

A click means is provided for convenience in setting the tumblers with respect to one another. Thus, the intermediate ring 50 has an opening 58 extending therethrough parallel with its axis, and click members 59 are slidable in the ends of said opening 58 and are forced apart by means of a coiled spring 60 confined between said the spindle 28 is removed).

members in said opening. The adjacent surfaces of the rings49 and 51 have the annular series of notches or recesses 57 in which the rounded ends of the members 59 are arranged to snap, when the rings i9, 50 and 51 are rotated relatively to one another. The members 59 engaging in the notches 57 will serve to hold the rings. in relative po'sition with some frictional resistance, although said rings can be rotated relatively by forcing the members 59 out of the notches 57 by cam action, said members 59 being moved into the opening 58 and snapping into the notches 57 as the notches 57 and members 59 pass one another, as will be apparent.

The tumbler unit or device constituting the

tumblers

36, 37 and 38 and the index rings 49, 50 and 51, with the elements between said tumblersand rings, fits snugly between the ears 22 and 23of the frame, to prevent the tumbler unitfrom moving longitudinally of the spindle 28,,but when the spindle is withdrawn, said tumbler unit or device can be removedfrom the frame, and the parts thereof are all held together. The

rings

49, 50 and 51 are held on the tumblers by pins 52, although said rings can be stripped off, inasmuch as when the rings are pulled from the tumblers longitudinally of the axis of the tumblers, the pins v52 are forced inwardly, (this being permitted when I The plugs 48, which are normally covered and concealed by the rings 49' and 50 can now be removed for removing the balls 46, should it be desired to separate the, tumblers.

In order to permit the spindle 28 to be -slid to openposition, the tumblers must be turned to a predetermined position relatively to one another and relativelyto the frame. Thus, the tumblers are turned. relatively to one another to bring certain markings thereon in alinement orregistration, and the tumbler unit 1s then turned tobrmg such markings in registration or alinement with marks 61 on the

ears

22 and 23, which will bring the lugs 39 in the-line of the groove 40, so that the spindle 28 can beraised. When the spindle is moved'down into place and the tumblers turned, this will destroy the combination, and the lock cannot be opened without the tumblers being set properly with a knowledge of the particular combination.

In changing the combination, the positions of the index rings with reference to the tumblers is altered. This can only be done with the assistance of, a suitable combination-changing member or tool, which, as shown, comprises a pin 62 adapted to be slid down into the tumbler device, when 63 corresponding wit-ht h'e groove 40 of the spindle 28, for receiving the lugs 39 and 12. The lug 4-2 prevents the pin 62 fromturning, and the lugs'39 engaging in the groove 63 will prevent the tumblers from turning. The pin 62 has a fiat side 64 which confronts the pins'52, leaving a space or clearance behind said pins 52. This permits the pins 52 to be shoved inwardly by cam action when the

rings

19, 50 and 51 are turned around the tumblers, and by changing the relative angular positions of said rings with refer ence to the tumblers, the combination can be changed within a wide latitude of combination changes. The pins52 in being moved outwardly by the springs 54 will snap into the notches 53, and retain the rings in place on the tumblers. Then, the combination changing pin ormember 62 is removed and the spindle 28 again inserted, and said spindle will then retain the pins 52in'the corresponding notches 53. to change the combination, the spindle 28 must be removed from within the tumblers,

and a tool or membermust beused for hold ing the tumblers against turning movement, and to permit the pins 52 tomove inwardly when the index rings are turned relatively to the tumblers. i

Figs: 8 and 9 illustrate the improvements as embodied in a padlock. The

tumblers

36, 37 and 38"are swivelled together as a unit in substantially the same manner as hereinbefore disclosed, excepting that the bosses 43 are carried by the

tumblers

36 and 38 andente-r the intermediatetumbler 37. The index rings 49, 50 and51"'are fitted on the tumblers and retainedin the angular positions relatively to the tumblers by the pins or members 52 substantially the same as in the first form, the'spindle'28' within the tumblers normally preventing the pins 52 from moving inwardly out of engagement with the'indeX rings. An annular cap member 22 1s fitted against the tumbler 36"and ring49, and the member 22and rings 49 and 50 have the annular lips overlapping the correspon din'gtumgroove 40" terminates at its lower end short of the lower end of'the spindle 28 at an annular circumferential groove 72 in the spindle adjacent to the lowerfend thereof, whereby when the spindle is raised, with the tumblers in set position, thelug 3901? the tumbler 38 will strike the lower end of the groove 40, and thus prevent the spin- Thus', in order dle from being withdrawn. A slot or groove 73 extends from the groove 72 to the lower end of the spindle, whereby the tumbler 38 can be turned to move its lug 39 in the groove 72 to the slot 73, thereby permitting the tumbler 38 to be Withdrawn from the spindle 28, bringing the lug 39 .of thetumbler 37 to a position where it can be moved into the groove 72 for pulling the tumbler 37 from the spindle, in the same way that the tumbler 38' was removed, and the tumbler 36 can be removed in the same way. Thus, the tumblers can be removed from the spindle one at a time, without separating the tumblers. The tumbler 38 has a flange 23 retaining the ring 51 thereon, so that the index rings are retained between the flange 23 and the member 22 at the opposite ends of the tumbler unit, thereby preventing the index rings from being removed from the tumblers unless the tumblers are removed from the spindle 28 The member 22' is assembled with the tumbler 36 in the same manner that the tumblers are assembled with one another. Thus, the tumbler 36 has a boss 74 entering a recess 75 in the member 22, and said member and boss have the complementary annular grooves 76 in which balls 77 are disposed. The member 22 has an aperture 78 for the insertion of the balls extending to the grooves and normally closed by a screw plug 79, said plug and aperture being concealed underneath the head 30 of the spindle 28' when the lock is closed, thus preventing access being had to the plug 79 and balls 77 with the spindle 28' held within the tumblers by the lugs 39.

i A shackle 80 has one end 81 swivelled in the head or flange 30 of the spindle for turning movement. The other terminal of the shackle is adapted to seat sidewise in a notch 82 in the head or flange 30, and the member 22 has a complementary notch 83 to receive the free end of the shackle when said shackle is swung into the notch 82 and the spindle 28' moved into the tumblers to bring the head or flange 30' into the recess 71. The head 30 and free terminal of the shackle have therecess 84 and lug 85 to enter said recess when the shackle is swung into the notch 82, to prevent the free end of the shackle from being pried loose. Thus, with the parts in locking position, the shackle 80 is prevented from being swung laterally to open position, by seating in the notch 83 of the member 22', and the lug 85 engaging in the recess 84 will prevent the free terminal of the shackle being pried loose. By turning the tumblers to set the combination, with the lugs 39' in the line of the groove 40, the spindle 28 and tumblers can be separated a limited amount, thereby removing the head 30 and shackle from the recess 71, and the vshackle can then be swung laterally about the axis of the terminal 81. i

It will be noted that, in this form of lock also, the tumblers are assembled as a unit, the balls between the tumblers holding them together without other assistance than the swivel joints between the tumblers themselves.

In order to change the combination, the spindle 28 is provided with recesses 64' with which the pins 52 register when the spindle 28 and tumblers are shifted lengthwise relatively to one another toa predetermined position, with the lugs 39 in the groove 40. Then, by holding the spindle and tumblers in such relative longitudinal position, the index rings 49, and 51' can be turned on the tumblers, the pins 52 being moved into the recesses 64:. The combination can only be changed, however, when the combination is ,known and the spindle and tumblers separated slightly to bring the recesses 64 behind the pins 52.

Another type of padlock is shown in Figs. 10 and 11, and includes the tumblers 36", 37 and 38 swivelled together in substantially the same manner as shown in Figs. 2, 4L and 6, with the balls 46 retaining the tumblers assembled. The index rings 49", 50 and 51"are retained in position on the tumblers by the pins or members 52'. in the same manner as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 8, and the spindle 28 on which the tumblers are fitted has the recesses 6 L to receive the pins 52" in a predetermined relative longitudinal position of the tumblers and spindle, for changing the combination, the same as with the padlock shown in Fig. 8. A cap member 22" is connected to the tumbler 36 by a swivel connection including the balls 77 between them, the same as between the parts 36' and 22 in Fig. 8, excepting that the screw plug 79 extends to the edge or margin of the member 22". The index rings are retained between the flange 23 on the tumbler 38 .and the member 22", and even though the screw plug 79 can be removed, to separate the member 22" and tumblers, this will not enable the lock to be opened because the short limb of the shackle 80" also enters the tumbler 36 when the lock is in closed position as shown in Fig. 11. In this form, the same as in the form shown in Fig. 8, the tumblers are held assembled by the swivel joints between them, and the parts of the tumbler unit or device move one with the other on the spindle. The spindle 28 has a base 86 in which the terminal of the long limb of the shackle 80" is swivelled for turning movement, as

at 81", whereby when the tumblers are set so that the lugs 39 thereof can move down in the groove 40', the short or free limb of the shackle. can be swung open, as seen in Fig. 10. The member 28" has an extension 87 slidable on the long limbof-the shackle, and the member 22 also has a stop 88at the aperturethereof against which the free end of the shackle strikes when the shackle is moved or swung to a position to enter the tumbler unit or device when said unit or device is raised to the position shown in Fig. 11.

The spindle 28 is also provided with the groove 7 2 and slot 73", at the upper end. thereofto permit the tumblers to be removed from the spindle one at a time by turning them so that their lugs. 39 can enter the groove 72 and pass out through the slot 73", but this can only. be done when the member 22 is detached; from the tumbler 36 and the member 22 swung with the shackle out of the Way. v

v Fig. 12 shows the improvementsas embodied in a lock disposed on the steering col umn of a motor vehicle. The tubular steer: ing column is indicated at 28, which takes the place of the spindles in the other forms of locks, said column 28 being provided with the longitudinal groove 40" and the ,11. nular circumferential grooves 41 for thereception of the lugs .39? of

thetumblers

36, 37 a and 38 The tumblers are Svvivelled together by balls 46?; the same as inthje other forms, and the index" rings 49", 50 and 51 are retained in position on the tumblers by the pins or members 52 wh1ch abut the 001- umn or-post 28 to prevent the, combination being changedunless the tumblerunit or device is shifted longitudinally on the ,colunan to bring the pins .52 in alinement' with t-he recesses 64 inthe column, the same as} in the forms shown in Figs. 8 and 11. coll'ai' 22 slidable on the steering cjolumnhas a swivel connection with thetumbler 36 'by means of the balls 7 7 ,-the same as-shown in Fig. 11 between the members 22'. and 36"; with the. screw plug 7 9 extending tolthe circumference of said collar. The index rings or bands are held on the tumblersbetween the flange or shoulder 23 -on the tum- -bler 38f and the collar 22 and thetumblers,

index rings and collar are slidable-gasa unit and constitute a locking sleeveson the steering column.

- A latch 90 is slidable man in the column or post 28* to enter a recess or socket 91 in the steering shaft 92 which extends through the column, .the steering wheel 93 being secured on the shaft at the upper end of the column. The latch 90'has a head 94 at itsvouter end and a coil'spring95 surrounds the latch and is confined between saidhe'ad 94 and a shoulder 96,;thereby tending to retract the latchfrom the shaft 92. Thecollar 22 has a cam slot 97, extending longitudinally at the inner peripher thereof and receiving theshead 9410f the latch 90, whereby, whenthe'locking sleeve is slid upwardly on the steering. column to at vely lockingv position,with the lugs39 movable in the groovesfll thelatch 90 is forced in-r wardly to. enter the recess 91 and thereby prevent the; shaft 92 from being turned, which will avoid the vehicle being steered,in order 'toz p revent the theft'thereof. when the tumblers are set. so that the lugs 39 move in the slot orgroove40 the, locking-sleeve slid downwardly, permitting; the spring' 95 to retract the latch 90 that the shaft 92' can be turned for steering tlie 3 i s ,v V

The combination can be changed whenthe tumblers are slidv to a certain position to bring I the pinsor members. 52* in registration withthe-recesses 64%; and the human be ren oved frorn the column by first" removing the wheel93 from the shaft92, then detaching e collar22 lfrom the turnbler iifi and remov ng the latch-90l The tumbler unit or device can then be slipped 1f 9 hetco i m principles in- .the swivelled connections between 1 the. tumblers and the combination changing means. v

Having; thus described the invention, what is claimed as; new is i 1. In a--lock, adaptedto be turned .-d e-. n ther:e s P' i zions-.- wi;i.tted ogejther itelesc'opically in overlappin -rel nce,:sfi ne e l e we plem'entary annular grooves, and} means in said; grooves the tumblers assembled as a unlit 1 and reventing the 3 separa tien-of the tumblers until after said means are removed fromsaid-grooves. 2, In )a lock, tumbler -adapted to be turned relatively .to. one another and having portions fitted eegetnen telescopically, in overlapping relation said overlapping portions having, complementary. annular grooves, and means-, in said groovesIholding the tumblers assembled as a unit and removable ,from; between saidgrooves while the tumblersareassembled, to permit the tumblers to be separated.-

a n1 a .lock,- tumblers t an to be turned; relatively to" one. anotherand having 7 portions together in overlapping relation, the overlapping p rsons;- having complementary annular grooves, and balls in said groo ves holding the tumblers assembled as a unit. V v, p

'4.'In a lock tumblersadapted to be turned relatively to one another and having portionstitted together and grooved. means in thegrooved portions for holding the tumblers assembled, one tumbler having an aper ture extending to the grooved portion for the passage of said means into and out of the grooved portion, and means for closing said aperture.

5. In a lock, tumblers adapted to be turnedrelatively to one another andhaving' portions fitted together, means cooperable with said portions for holding the tumblers assembled with a swivel connection and removable irom said portions, and indexmembers on the tumblers preventing access to said means. i 7. In a lock, tumblers adapted to be turned relatively to oneanother and having portions fitted together, means between said portions for holding the tumblers assembled with a swivel connection, one tumbler having an aperture for the removal of said means, and an index member fitted on said tumbler over said aperturei 8. In. a lock, tumblers adapted to be turned relatively to one another and having portions fitted together and provided'with complementary grooves, balls in said grooves, one tumbler having an aperture for .the passage of theballs, and a member fitted on said tumbler across said ape'rture- Y 9. In a lock, annular rotatable tumblers having portions fitted together and provided with complementary grooves, balls in said grooves holding the tumblers assembled, one tumbler having an aperture for the passage of the ballsand extending to the outer-pe riphery of said tumbler,-and' a ring fitted aroundsaid tumbler.

10. In a look, a tumbler, a member with which the tumbler is engageable in the looking position of said tumbler, an index member on the tumbler for moving it to unlocking position and adapted to be set in different positions relatively to the [tumbler while assembled with the tumbler, and means between said tumbler and index member movable into and out of engagementwith one of them. and cooperable with the "firstnamed member to prevent the disengagement of said means when the tumbler and firstnamed member are in looking positio'nfi- 11. In a look, a tumbler,-'a member with which the tumbler is engageable when they are in locking position, an index member on the tumbler adjustable to diflerentpositions relatively to the tumbler while said index member and tumbler are assembled, and

means carried by the tumbler engageable with and disengageable from theindex memher while the index member and tumbler are assembled, said means being cooperable with the iirstnamed member to prevent said means 12; In a look, a tumbler, a member with which the tumbler is engageable when said member and tumbler are in looking position, an index member fitted on the tumbler and movable to difi 'erent positions relatively toflthe tumbler while they are assembled,'said index member having a series of notches, and a holding member movable in the tumbler to engage in said notches for moving the tumbler with the index member, said holding member being cooperable with the firstnamed member to prevent said holding member being disengaged from the corresponding notch when the firstnamed member and tumbler are in looking position.

13. In a look, a tumbler, a member with which the tumbler is engageable when the tumbler and member are in looking position, an index member fitted on the tumbler and adjustable to different positions relatively tothe tumbler while they are assembled, said index member having a series of notches, and a holding member movable in the tumbler to engage in said notches for moving the tumbler with the index member, said holdingmember being arranged to abut the firstnamed member when said firstnamed member and tumbler are in locking position to prevent said holding member being disengaged from the corresponding notch.

14:. In a look, a tumbler, a member to be engaged by the tumbler when said member and tumbler are in looking position, an index member fitted on the tumbler and adapted to be adjusted t difierent positions rela-" tively to the tumbler while they are assembled, said index member having a series of notches, a holding member movable in'the tumbler to engage in said notches, and spring means between said holding member and tumbler for moving the holding member to engage in said notches, said holding member being arranged to be prevented, by the firstnamed member, from disengaging the corresponding notch whenythefirstn'amed member and tumbler are in. looking position. Y i

' 15. In a look, a member, an annular tumbler'to surround said member and havlng means to engage said member when said member and tumbler are in looking position,

an index ring fitted on and surrounding said tumbler and adapted to be turned to different angular positions relatively to the tumbler while said tumbler and ring are assembled, and holding meansbetween' said ring and tumbler movable into and out of engagement with one of them, said holding means'being arranged so as to prevent the disengagement thereof, by the firstnamed member, When said firstnamed member and tumbler are in looking position.

16. In a look, a member, an annular tumbler to be disposed thereon having means to engage said member when said member and.

with the ring and oooperable with the firstnamed member t prevent the holdingmember from disengaging said ring when said tumbler and member are in looking position.

17. In a look, a member, an annular tumbler to be disposed thereon having means to engage said member When the are in locking position, an index ring tted on and surrounding said tumbler and having a series of notches, and a holding member movable in the tumbler to engage in said notches for turning the tumbler With said ring, said holding member being arranged to abut the firstnamed member when the tumbler and firstnamed member are in looking position to prevent the holding member from being disengaged from the corresponding notch of the ring.

18. In a look, a member, an annular tumbler to be disposed thereon having means to engage said member When they are in locking position, an index ring fitted on and surrounding said tumbler and having a series of notches therein, a holding member slidable in the tumbler and having its outer end formed to snap into and out of said notch-es, and spring means between said holding member and tumbler for moving the holding member outwardly to engage in said notches, said holding member abutting, at its inner end, the firstnamed member when the firstnamed member and tumbler are in looking position to prevent the outer end'of I said holding member being removed from the corresponding notch f the ring.

19. In a look, an annular tumbler to fit around a member, an index ring fitted on and surrounding said tumbler and having a series of notches therein, and aholding member slidable in the tumbler and engage able at one end in said notches for turning the tumbler with said ring, the other end of the holding member being projectable into In testimony whereof We hereunt afiix our signatures.

JOHN L. SAUNDERS. JESSE G. SAUNDERS.