US1493562A - Wilhelm penzold - Google Patents
Wilhelm penzold Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1493562A US1493562A US1493562DA US1493562A US 1493562 A US1493562 A US 1493562A US 1493562D A US1493562D A US 1493562DA US 1493562 A US1493562 A US 1493562A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- penzold
- rings
- wilhelm
- liquid
- heating apparatus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000003028 elevating Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
- F22B1/30—Electrode boilers
Definitions
- My invention relates to improvements in electrical heating apparatus, and more particularly in apparatus for electrically heating liquids providing the electrical resistance for transforming the electrical energy into heat.
- apparatus of this type the field of the use of concentrically arranged electrodes is limited, because it is dititicult to produce the high resistance required in connection with high pressure currents7 the reason residing in the unfavorable field distribution of a concentric arrangement.
- the object of the improvements is to provide an apparatus in which, with the same surface area of the immersed electrodes, any desired resistance between the infinite value and a minimum can be produced.
- this object in view I provide insulating rings between the electrodes the relative distance of which can be varied from zero to a certain value.
- Fig. 1 is a vertical section showing the insulating rings placed in close contact one above the other,
- Fig. 2 is a similar section showing the said rings spaced from one another
- Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. l
- Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 5 and showing a modified form of the insulating rings
- Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, and
- Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a modifi cation suitable for operation by three-phase alternating current.
- my improved heating apparatus consists of a receptacle d of cylindrical form having an electrode a passed through its top and insulated therefrom and carrying at its bottom end a disk c of insulating material.
- the said electrode is surrounded by disks b of insulating material which in the position shown kin Fig. l are placed in contact one above the other, so that there is no electrical connection through the body of the liquid from the inner electrode a to the outer electrode provided by the wall of the receptacle or boiler cl.
- annular passages are formed between the rings and in the body ot the liquid, and the total cross-sectional area of the said passages is chosen according to the desired electrical etl'ect.
- insulating disk c By the insulating disk c a shunt circuit from the bottom end of the inner electrode u. to the wall of the boiler is avoided, and the current flows in radial direction from the inner electrode a to the wall of the boiler.
- the insulating bodies are preferably formed with bores f tapering outwardly at their bottom ends to facilitate upward movement of the steam bubbles.
- the insulating rings g are provided at their top sides with spacing lugs e provided in lieu of the elevating means described with reference to Figs. l to 3.
- Fig. 6 shows a modification suitable for operation by threephase alternating current.
- An electrical heating apparatus comprising a receptacle for the liquid to be heated, an inner electrode, and spaced insulating rings surrounding the inner elec ⁇ trode.
- An electrical heating apparatus comprising a receptacle for the liquid to be heated, an inner electrode, and spaced insulating rings surrounding the inner electrode and foraminated for permitting the passage oi' liquid and vapor.
- An electrical heating apparatus oomprising a receptacle for the liquid to be heated, an inner electrode, and spaced insu ⁇ lating rings surrounding the inner electrode and formed With openings tapering out- Wardly at their bottom ends and permit-
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
W. PENZOLD ELECTRICAL HEATING APPARATUS May 13) 1924.
Filed April 18. 192s .d M@ w@ e f W d n 4. m F
Patented May 13, 1924.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILHELM PENzoLD, or HANcvEn, GERMANY, Assrenca To wrnnnsrann AKTIEN GESELLSCHAFT FR ELEKTROMEME-TECHNIK, or HANOVER, GER-MANY.
ELECTRICAL HEATING APPARATUS.
Application filed April 18, 1923.
T 0 all w hom it may wacom.'
Be it known that I, VrLi-IELM PENZOLD, a citizen of Germany. residing at Hanover, in the State ot Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Heating Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.
My invention relates to improvements in electrical heating apparatus, and more particularly in apparatus for electrically heating liquids providing the electrical resistance for transforming the electrical energy into heat.. In apparatus of this type the field of the use of concentrically arranged electrodes is limited, because it is dititicult to produce the high resistance required in connection with high pressure currents7 the reason residing in the unfavorable field distribution of a concentric arrangement.
The object of the improvements is to provide an apparatus in which, with the same surface area of the immersed electrodes, any desired resistance between the infinite value and a minimum can be produced. With this object in view I provide insulating rings between the electrodes the relative distance of which can be varied from zero to a certain value.
In order that my invention be more clearly understood several examples embodying the same have been shown in the accompanying drawing in which the same reference characters have been used in all the views to indicate corresponding parts.
In said drawing,
Fig. 1, is a vertical section showing the insulating rings placed in close contact one above the other,
Fig. 2, is a similar section showing the said rings spaced from one another,
Fig. 3, is a plan view of Fig. l,
Fig. 4, is a section taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 5 and showing a modified form of the insulating rings,
Fig. 5, is a section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, and
Fig. 6, is a plan view showing a modifi cation suitable for operation by three-phase alternating current.
Serial N0. 632,883.
In the example shown in Figs. l to 3 my improved heating apparatus consists of a receptacle d of cylindrical form having an electrode a passed through its top and insulated therefrom and carrying at its bottom end a disk c of insulating material.
vThe said electrode is surrounded by disks b of insulating material which in the position shown kin Fig. l are placed in contact one above the other, so that there is no electrical connection through the body of the liquid from the inner electrode a to the outer electrode provided by the wall of the receptacle or boiler cl. By elevating the insulating rings b so that the consecutive rings are spaced apart and some of them are disposed above the level of the liquid, as is shown in Fig. 2, annular passages are formed between the rings and in the body ot the liquid, and the total cross-sectional area of the said passages is chosen according to the desired electrical etl'ect. Means for thus elevating the rings will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, and I deem it not necessary to describe a construction. By the insulating disk c a shunt circuit from the bottom end of the inner electrode u. to the wall of the boiler is avoided, and the current flows in radial direction from the inner electrode a to the wall of the boiler. To permit upward movement of the hot liquid and the bubbles of steam the insulating bodies are preferably formed with bores f tapering outwardly at their bottom ends to facilitate upward movement of the steam bubbles.
In the modiiication shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the insulating rings g are provided at their top sides with spacing lugs e provided in lieu of the elevating means described with reference to Figs. l to 3.
Fig. 6 shows a modification suitable for operation by threephase alternating current.
I claim:
1. An electrical heating apparatus, comprising a receptacle for the liquid to be heated, an inner electrode, and spaced insulating rings surrounding the inner elec` trode.
2. An electrical heating apparatus, comprising a receptacle for the liquid to be heated, an inner electrode, and spaced insulating rings surrounding the inner electrode and foraminated for permitting the passage oi' liquid and vapor.
3. An electrical heating apparatus, oomprising a receptacle for the liquid to be heated, an inner electrode, and spaced insu` lating rings surrounding the inner electrode and formed With openings tapering out- Wardly at their bottom ends and permit-
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1493562A true US1493562A (en) | 1924-05-13 |
Family
ID=3406642
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1493562D Expired - Lifetime US1493562A (en) | Wilhelm penzold |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1493562A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4260874A (en) * | 1979-08-23 | 1981-04-07 | General Electric Company | Microporous insulating barrier system for electrode boiler output control |
-
0
- US US1493562D patent/US1493562A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4260874A (en) * | 1979-08-23 | 1981-04-07 | General Electric Company | Microporous insulating barrier system for electrode boiler output control |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0170489B1 (en) | Heating devices | |
US1493562A (en) | Wilhelm penzold | |
US1684947A (en) | Vacuum discharge apparatus | |
US2485843A (en) | High-frequency heating arrangement | |
US1572881A (en) | Electric-furnace resistor | |
US2081537A (en) | Liquid conductor heater | |
US1550164A (en) | Electrically-heated steam boiler | |
US1077035A (en) | Electric water-heater. | |
US1382158A (en) | Apparatus for sterilizing liquids | |
US1981402A (en) | Water heating and infusion apparatus | |
US1001654A (en) | Apparatus for heating water by electricity. | |
US1446318A (en) | Gesellschapt fur elektro-warme-technik | |
US1577276A (en) | Electrical heater | |
US1526758A (en) | Electric heater | |
US1939125A (en) | Electric heater | |
US1527707A (en) | Electrically-heated liquid heater | |
US3242313A (en) | Electrode type vapor generator | |
MX2021013737A (en) | Devices for ohmically heating a fluid. | |
US2571462A (en) | Electric steam generator | |
US1002637A (en) | Water-heating apparatus. | |
US1903036A (en) | Carbon combustion furnace | |
US1952774A (en) | Electric heater | |
US1718303A (en) | Electric water heater | |
US1680595A (en) | Current induction | |
US1495465A (en) | von brockdorff |