US1490281A

US1490281A - Btjknek

Info

Publication number: US1490281A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1924-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 1941-04-15

Description

April `15 1924.

' Filed July 3o.. 1920 i@ f7 V J5. Z

10 //l v Cf @wi/knew 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 15, l1924. 1,490,281 l w. w. LEACH BURNER Filed Jullv 3o 1920 4 sheets-sheet F f JP 4 g 45 4i ,e6

Wilma W. W. LEACH April 1'5 1924.

BURNER 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed July 30 1920 l 3 hoentoz h//f//l'am Wbfac witness @a wg@ Patented pin, 1.5, i924.

'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLEAM w. Lenoir, or MANSF'IEIQD, omo.

BURNER.

Application filed July 30, 1920. Serial No. 400,137.

To all whom c'z/ may conce-roi: i

Be it known that l, l/VrLLr-itr W. LnAoH, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Mansfield, in the county of Richland and State of Ghigo.I have invented certain new and useful improvements in Burners, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to a burner for burning powdered coal or gaseous fuel.

` It is well known to-those skilled in the vart of burning powdered coal fuel that difficulties are encountered in procuring complete and proper combustion of the powdered fuel as the constituent, component particles thereofl are so small or infinitesim'alv as to make the powdered fuel extremely light in specific gravity, therefore, due to the fact that the powered fuel must be constantly fed into the furnaces through the medium of an air blast or the like some of the particles .or portions thereof when lnot under control and thoroughly mixed and rotated, diffused and scattered to admit of instant combustion when subjected tothe names and heat of the furnace waste and improper combustion of the fuel naturally results., and there is alsoan excess of unconsumed carbon and an excess ofl in the use of the conventional type'ofV burner now in use the powdered coal is is forced or fed through appropriate pipe connections or a burner by pneumatic pressure such as an air hlast produced by a conventional type of power operated fan which forces the fuel and air into the furnace through an ordinary tubularv member, burner or pipe connections in a direct and unbroken line from the mouth of the delivery end of the burner or the like thereby focusing an intense heatat one point within t Le furnace instead of scattering and diffusing the fuel so as to produce a uniform heat throughout the interior of the furnace which is obviated in my invention by imparting a revolving orfrotating motion to the air and fuel at the delivery end of the burner or the like thereby accelerating its proper and instant combustion by the flames in the furnace assisted by the radiant heat from the refractory walls of the furnace.

In the conventional type of burner now in use the flow velocityA of the fuel into the furnace under air pressure is direct, continuous and without means of rotating or revolving the fuel as it is emitted direct from the delivery end of the burner into the furnace instead of suspending or retarding the travel of the fuel, and also rotating, diffusingI and scattering the powdered coal or other fuel throughout the interior of the furnace as is the case in the useof the present invention which subjects the fuel to the heat and flames of the furnace for combustion purposes for a longer period of time than isv possible with the type of burner now 1n use.

The primary object of the present invention is to design and construct a burner that will deliver powdered coal or other like fuel into the furnace in such a manner as to impart a whirling, rotating or revolving and diffusing motion tothe fuel thereby retard-r ing its travel in the furnace, scattering and keeping the fuel in suspension for longer periods of time at different locations within the furnaceto provide for more perfect and efficient combustion of the 'fuel than can be obtained by` the .use of a conventional type of burner.

Another object of the present invention is toprovide a burner that is efficient in operation and economical in the use of fuel.

A further object is to construct a. burner that will produce a whirling, revolving. scattering and diffusing motion of the fuel at the delivery end of the burner in theI same, or opposed directions or combinations thereof. v Y

Another object of the present invention is to provide means of producing a concentric series or steps of whirling motions of the fuel and air of different diameters or radii in the-same, or opposed directions or combinations thereof.

A. further object is to provide a means of swinging the burner and doors of the furnace to either closed or open positions in either direction and afford facilities for permitting the' slag, dirt or db-ris to drip from the furnace without opening the main doors of the furnace orl affecting the burner.

These and other objects are attained by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the invention showing it applied to a furnace.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1 shown partly in section.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a ila-nge clamping mechanism used to connect or disconnect the pipe connections to or from the burner.

Fig. 4 is an end View of one of the flange members of the clamping mechanism.

Fig. is a horizontal sectional view of the invention showing the series of spirals and their associatedrelation to each other and the concentric tubular members of the burner.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view similar to Fig. 5 with the spirals removed to clearly show the arrangement of the concentric tubular members.

Fig. 7 is a cross section on line 7-7 of Fig. 6 with the spirals in place showing the direction ofthe travel of the fuel and air in the preferred form.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of Vthe'l'urnace showing the burner applied thereto in operative position in full lines and in inoperative position in dotted lines.

Fig. 9 is an end View of the burner on an enlarged scale showing the arrangement of the spir-als within the concentric tubular members. f

In the drawing the invention is shown applied to the front plate of la conventional type of sheet or ,bar metal furnace which is equipped to burn powdered fuel coal as the burner is efficient, economical and practical in attaining the objects herein set forth in burning powdered coal.

It is'equ'ally', however, as efficient and economical in burning gaseous fuel or the like and the same resultsfare obtained.

Jreference numeral 1 represents the front plate of a conventional type of sheet or bar furnacel to which the invention is preferably applied showing it in association with means for conducting powdered fuel and the primary fluel propelling air, and the means of conducting secondary air to the burner. The desired opening is provided in the front plate and ears 2-233 preferably formed thereon. A main door 5 is provided with ears 6-6 and fil-7 and is supported on the

ears

2 and 3 and adapted to be swung in' either direction that is, either toward the right or left side of the furnace upon the

pintle rods

8 and 9 thereby `providing a hinged door that can be opened or closed from the right or left side.

ln constructing the main door and hinging same to the front plate so that it can be manipulated from either side utility and mits the slag7 dirt., ash or other dbris to.

drip. falhflow or to'be drawn. out of the lire box of the furnace without disturbing either of the

doors

5 or 10. The door 11 is normally held in yielding closed position by the weight of the knob 12.- A suitable opening 13 is provided in the vdoor 5 and a member 14 is secured therein with its flange portion 15 surrounding and overlapping the edge of the opening 13 as shown in Fig. 8. The member 1-1 is preferably formed to provide inclined or flaring

mouth portions

16 and 17 in opposed relation to each other. Fars 18 are preferably made integral with the member 11i and spaced apart from each other to receive and support the outwardly extending arms 19 and 2O which are arranged in opposed relation on the sides of the burner 21.

The burner is preferably supported on the ears 18 and held in place thereon by

pins

22 and 23 permitting it to lbe swungtoward the right or left side of the furnace. Powdered `coal combined with primary air under pressure 1s conducted to the burner from any source of supply by the pipe 24. The pipe 24 is connected to the burner by the

flange connections

25 and 26 and the nipple 26.V

The complementary parts of the flange25 are held in close and frictional contact with each other by bolts 27 and 28 and the lever nuts 29`and 30. The complementary parts of the connecting flanges are provided with

slots

31 and 32 to permit of the parts to be disconnected from each other or connected to each other without withdrawing the bolts.

The separation of the parts or their close connection is accomplished by loosening or tightening

thelever nuts

29 and 30. As will beobserved the primary air combined with powdered coal or other like fuel is delivered into the end of the burner 21. lt is customary to supply the burner for burning powdered coal or the like with additional or secondary air under pressure to assist in the delivery of the powdered coal in the furnace when the pressure of the primary air is insuflicient.

To supply the additional or secondary air under pressure a conducting air pipe 33 is provided and preferably connected to the burner to deliver the air into the burnervat the top adjacent to its frontend. The connections 34, 35and 35 of the secondary air pipe and burner are similar to the connec-V which is connected to the pipe 24 as de-V scribed. A flange engaging portion 38 is provided on the topy of Vthe'casing to connect with the flange 35 and it Vis arrangedrin a right angular relation to the enlarged portion ,37 Vof the burner casing thereby providing right angularly related means 'of .conducting air to theburner in conjunction with the means of supplying air at the front end of the burner. The flange 26 is'provided with a hub portion 39 which is screw threaded at both ends to engage thenipple 26 and one end of a'tubular member or pipe 40 which pipe is smaller in diameter than the member 36 and it is arranged within the tubular member in concentric relation thereto. Spirally formedA deiiectors or vanes 41 are secured `within the pipe 40. The deflectors windspirally aroun'dthe interior of the pipe 40 inspaced relation to each otherV thereby forming spiral paths through which the powdered coal or other fuel travels and is driven, forced and delivered into the furnace by air under pressure. c

,Y The combined 'air and'powderedcoal is preferably-forced :to travel around the interior of rthe pipe 40 in a clockwise Vdirection as shown in Fig. 7 A second series of spiralV air 'deflectors or vanes 42 are secured to the periphery of the'pipe40 commencing beyond` theV openingfof the flange' 38. The deiiectors 42jprovide a series of spiral paths for the y air j running in 'counter-clockwise.direction tothat of the deflectors41.V The diameter of the spiral vpaths Aformed by the deflectors 42 are likewise, increased with respect to the deflectors 41. An intermediate tubular member 43' is fittedy to the periphery of the defiectors 42 leaving a space 44 between its periphery and the interior of the outer tubular member 36.

A thirdrseries of spiral dellectors or vanes 45 are secured to the periphery of the intermediate member 43 spirally preferably winding around said member in the same direction as the vdelectors 41 within the tube 40. It will be observed that the

tubular members

3G, 43 and 40 are arranged in relatively coaXial and concentric relation with respect to each other, but, that their free ends successively overlap each other for the purpose of emitting the secondary air and combined primary air. and fuel at different points within the burner so as to aid in scattering and didusing the air and fuel just prior to delivering into the furnace. The ends of the spiral deflectors as shown by the deflectors 42 in Fig. 5, may project beyond the tubular members which serves to break and diffuse the air currents to some extent.

The operation of the burner in' brief is as follows: Primary air under pressure forces the powdered fuel or the like through the pipe 24 and its connection to the burner and thence through the spiral paths formed by the member 40 and the spiral d ellectors 41 into the furnace at its free end. The fuel and air on account of its spiral travel de livers the combined air and fuel into t-he fur nace in a rotating, revolving or whirling motion thereby scattering and diffusing the fuel Y and air to all parts of the furnace and sus-V pending same for a longer period of time thereby subjecting the fuel to the flame and radiant heat of the Vfurnace longer and at more different points within the furnace than is possible with the use of an ordinary burner. The

deflectors

42 and 45 function in the same. manner as described with reference to the deflectors 41 except that the deflectors 42 wind around and form spiral paths in an opposite direction to that of the

spiral deflectors

41 and 45.

It will be apparent from the construction and operation of the burner that a series olf spiral paths Vis, provided for the air and fuel of different diameters, that the paths deliver the air and fuel into the furnaces inV stepped relation so that if a charge. of fuel delivered with the `primary air is not of proper proportion to the air to insure proper comb-ustion in the first instance it is acted upon by each of the other rotating and revolving air currents in sequence. It will further be noted that the travel of the air and fuel through the different spiral paths delivers such air and fuel at different pointswithin the burner thereby further assisting in agitatingandl suspending the fuel. Y

The invention herein described can be used for gaseous fuel if desired and one or more series of spiral paths can be formed for the purpose herein described without departingv from the spirit of the invention. y

It is notintended to confine the invention to the Ystructureshown and described herein or to its application for burning 'powdered fuel.

I claim: Y 1. A burner including a fuel tube, means for imparting a whirling movement to the fuel within the tube, .a series of air pipes co-aXially arranged with the tube and with each other, and spiral defiectors arranged in the spaces between the tube and adjacent pipe and between the pipes.

2. A burner including a fuel tube, means within the tube for impart-ing a whirling movement to the fuel, a pipe co-axially arlll) ranged with the tube, a series of spiral deiectors between the tube and pipe,a. second pipe concentric with the first pipe, and a series of spiral defiectors between said pipes.

vided therein a series of spiral deflectors,

a plurality of tubular members of larger diameter arranged in spaced, stepped and co-axial relation thereto, spiral `defiectors arranged in the spaces between said members and means to provide air for saidtubularmembers of larger diameterl and means to provide air for the first mentioned tubular member under pressure for the delivery of fuel.

5. In a burner, a tubular member having spiral deflectors secured to the interior thereof, means of feeding combined air and fue] thereto, a second tubular member provided with a series of spiral deflectors mounted in co-aXial 4and spaced relation to the first mentioned tubular member, means to force air under pressure thereto, and a third tubular member co-aXial with the other tubular members and provided with a spiral defiector associated with the first mentioned tubular member, said spiral deflectors and tubular members being adapted to impart whirlinoand revolving Inotions to the air and fuel in opposed relations to each other.

6. In a burner, three tubular members arranged in co-axial relation toV each other,l spiral deflectors associated therewith, means to supply yair and fuel under pressure to one of the tubular members, means to supply air under pressure without fuel to two of the tubular members, the combinatiQn of the tubular members and deflectors being arranged to deliver fuel in a whirling .moi tion and whirling streams of air in the-same and opposed relation to the whirling fuel -for the purpose of suspending and agitating the fuel for combustion purposes, as described and set forth.

7. A burner having concentric members 8. A burner having concentric members defining three separate paths lengthwise of Y said burner, means for delivering fuel with a whirling motion throngh one path and means for yc lelivering yair with relat1velyopposite whirling motions through the ref maining paths, such separate paths merging into a single outletfrom theburner. Y

9. A burner having an interior fuel delivery tube. deflectors therein, `a second tube co-.axialwitli the first tube V.and spaced therefroniwleflectors larranged inthe space between said tubes, a thirdtube co-axial with the second tube and spaced therefrom ear- V teri'orly, and deflectors in Ithe space between said second and third tribes.

10. A vburner made np Vof a plurality of' tubular bodies arrangedin concentric spaced relation with their "delivery endsrelatively l offset to thereby-define three spaces lengthwisenof the burner, y,and ldefiectors arranged in `each of said spaces, the deiectors lof `adjacent spaces being oppositely arranged.

11.` A burner madefup offafplurality of tubes arranged ,in concentric `spaced Arela- Y tion totheffeby defineY three spaces len l1- wise of the burner, defiectors .arrange in each of said spaces, defiectorsof adjacent spaces .being oppositely arranged, means for deliveringfuel to 'one of said spaces, and eans for delivering 4air to the remaining spaces.v

12. A burner'cornprisinglan outertube,

an inner tubeconcentric therewith, and an intermediate tube between and spaced fromVV said outertnbeand-"inner tube4A deflectors arranged in :said inner -tnbe,fand deectors arranged in each of .the Spaces. between, the inner .tube and ,intermediate tube and between the latter and `outer tube, means `for delivering fuellengthwise the inner tube,

andneans for ,deliverin Y- air lengthwise the outer' tube' and intermeciate tube, the inner tube lterminating short of-the `delivery end of the intermediate tube, andthe intermediate tube terminating short lof `the outertube.

In testimony whereof VAI' affix kmy signature.

WILLIAM w. LEAcH.