US1630509A

US1630509A - Method and apparatus for fuel burning

Info

Publication number: US1630509A
Application number: US622335A
Authority: US
Inventors: Adams Henry
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1923-03-02
Filing date: 1923-03-02
Publication date: 1927-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 1944-05-31

Description

May 3l, 1927.

H.. ADAMS METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FUEL BURNING Filed Mardi 2. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 /m venan/f f/en/zy ca/,nw

9 0 5, 0 3 nw l A 19 May 31 H. ADAMS METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FUEL BURNING Filed March 2. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet Patented May 31, 1927. y 1,630,509

UNITED STATES 4PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY nous, or mamaria-rin, Naw' maaar.

limon AND Arrana'rus Fon FUEL BURNING. application mea garen aises. serial No. 622,335.

The present invention relates to a method to' deflected or radiated heat from the roof of and apparatus for controlling burning 'of the furnace. 4 fuel, and to a modification ofthe structure Another object is to provide separate and method thereon as setforth in my Patmeans and apparatus to produce a. mixture i entV No. 1,571,171, iue date February 2, of burning gas and lair for admixture to 60 1926, in furnaces, for smeltingor reducing the primary supply of burning fuel. ores, etc., and one object of the `invention is Another object is to provide means whereto provide a method of and apparatus for by the various individual separate meansfor controlling the burning gases as soon as they adding more 'burning fuell to the `primary n are delivered to the furnace. supply, may be combined to be all worked 65 Another object is to provide a method of together, or any one means alone or con- 'and apparatus for controlling burning fuel ]oi'ntly with any other fuel supply means or after it leaves the respective burners, and additional air supply means. sup lying sucient air to afford perfect Another object isto provide a means for 5 com ustion, controlling and directing the burning fuel 70 Another object is to provide a method of which will carry along the burningfuel and and apparatus for controlling fuel after it at the Same time induce auxiliary air releaves the respbtive burners, and t0 Supqlllled fOr (20m `letta COmbtlStlOn 0f the fuel.

lement its primary air supply for its com- This is accomp ished by means of a vsteam l0 ustion with additional airinlet passages prOJeCtOI' having 1102218 S0 designed that 75 for superinducing its combustion and thus the Steam passing through has complete ex` increasing the heat from said combustion. pansion.

Another object is to provide separate Another object is to have an oil burning means and apparatus to produce and convey furnace without the usual built-in combuspulverized coal as an additional fuel supply tion Chambr made of refractory material, 80 to the stream of burning fuel from the prias my burning fuel leaving the mixing ma producers, roviding .at the same time Chflmel and P'OlGCtOI' iS Wider COmPlete additional` air in ets for the combustion of Climbustion, it can be directed directly into the additional fuel Supply. the furnace, thereby doing away with ex- Another object is to provi e a method of pensive construction as well as saving in oil 85 and apparatus for controlling the burning burnt. v fuels after they leave their respective burn- I attain these and such other objects, feap ers or producers, and directing the heat tures and advantages as may appear during thereof and causing it to travel to the dethe subjoined description by way of exam- 85 sired location where the work is to be done. ple of several of.the possible embodiments a0 Another object is to provide a method of of the invention, shown in the accompanyand apparatus for controlling burning fuel mg drawings forming partof, this specificain smelting or reducing furnaces and the tion, in which like, whereby to obtain the best etliciency Figure 1. is a sectional side view of a re-y 40 from the burning fuel and obviating the speverberatory furnace and of the controller 95 cially constructed roofs, high stacks or chimand dame director provided with the addineys, etc., of such furnaces, except where my tional air supply inlets. device is ap lied to furnaces already con- Fi 2 is a sectional side view of a similar structed, an whereby the direct heat can rever eratory furnace with ai similar conbe applied and kept at a point desired, pertroller and flame director or projector pro- 10o fect control as to the fiame produced can vided with an aspirating chamber for supbe had, and either a reducing or oxidizing plying additional fuel and with additional flame can be produced at will. air supply means, and with a diagrammatic Another object is to provide a method of view ot' a coal pulverizerand means to con-- and apparatus for controlling the heat of Vey the said pulverized coal into the aspirat- 105 burning fuel in furnaces whereby the'heat is ing chamber and from there into the ame carried to the bath or charge the entire controller and projector. length thereof, and directly applied to the Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view on line bath or charge, thereby doing away with the 3--3 of Fig. 2, and through the 'aspirating inevitable major port-ion of heat losses due chamber. 110

Fig. 4 is a rear end view of a furnace looking towards the'front along the axial line of the flame controller and director, showing the said flame controller provided with two high pressure projectors located in a same horizontal diametrical plane with the fuel burner.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal, diametrical sectionaly view of the furnace on line 5--5 of f Fig. 4, and

Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical sectional View of saine on line 6 6 of Fig. 5.

While my device is herein shown as ap. plied to reverberatory furnaces it is not restricted for use in conjunction with this form of furnace alone, but in fact, is ap#` plicable to all kinds of smelting and reducing furnaces. Similar reference characters denote similar part-s throughout the several vews.`

Referring to Fig. 1 there is shown the furnace A having an end wall B, a combustion and ore smelting chamber C, a stack D for the waste gases and an oreinlet E, the furnace having also the necessary outlets for the smelted metal as well as forthe slag or residues `but which are not shown, not being considered necessary for the purposes of this description.

The end wall B has therethrough longitudinally and in the Yaxial line of the furnace, a circular opening F, downwardly inclined in a line towards the bottom of the furnaces combustion chamber C and towards the mass of ore G, or other material that is to be treated and which lies directly below the inlet E.

Opening F is circular and of a 'size to closelyreceive the flame controller and di rector P, which generally comprises the casing 10, the fuel burner or producer 11, and one `or more high pressure projectors 12.

In Figs. l and 2, I show director P provided with only one Ahigh pressureI projector 12. In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown the director P ywith' two projectors.

In Figs. 1 and 5, casing '10 is provided at a distance from the projecting nozzles 17 of the projectors 12, with aiseries of holesA 30 around its eriphery,that,part of casing 10 in which the holesBOL are located being exposed to the o ture I, provide for airfinlet `purposes in wall B. With either single' ornlultiple projectorsz casing 10 ,which 1s preferably lcylindrical in form and is snugly held inf opening F of wall B, has its inner or rearward end ush with the rear wall ofchamber C, but may extend for a short distance into it, its rear or inner end connecting with that of the opening F, both ends of the casing being open.

Casin 10 constitutes a chamber for conining tie burning fuel on its discharge from the burreror producer 1l in a cylin j ectedin' para en air in a pit form` aperdrical stream, Vwhich is subsequently subjected to the drawing-away and carryingalong effect of the high velocity stream or streams of compressed air, but preferably of the high velocity stream or streams of dry and superheated steam which is projected in the direction of the ore mass G from the nozzle 17 of the projector or projectors 12 connected to a high pressure steam supply (not shown) by a pipe 13.

The fuel for th operation of the furnace is projected into casing 10 by means of a burner 11 having a fuel outlet and a compressed air or a steam outlet cooperating therewith, the air or steam discharge being, preferably, in line with the axis of casing 10, and the casing 10 constituting a chamber or zone of temporary confinement for the burning fuel.

In Figs. l and 2, burner l1 and projector 12 are shown held in casing 10 by means of straps 15 and 16, strap l5 having for its particu ar object the correct location of the high velocity, superheated dry steam projector 12 for the projection of the burning fuel on the ore mass G for the best utilization of the produced heat on said mass G. Nozzle 17 is positioned in the casing 10 at such a distance inwardly from the discharge end or-mouth of the casihg l0 so that the stream from the mouth of the nozzle 17, in its ex ansion from the nozzle to the ore mass will just about cover said mass, its upper line reachin to the top thereof and its lower line striking the Hoor of the furnace slightl ahead of the mass, nozzle 17 being the irector and controlling agent, the urning fuel is held by it.

In Figs. 4 and 5 where I show the utilization of two hi h pressure projectors instead of only one, t ey are located diametrically across from one another in casing 10, the axes of their projected streams of high pressure steam being on the same plane and parallel to that of the projected stream of urning fuel from burner 11.

As. will beseen in Figs. 5 and 6, even when both hi h pressure streams are proi lel lines, they will unite into one'smgle stream in chamber C after emergvingfrom rflame director P, carrying with them the vstream ofl projected burning fuel from burner l1 which will be thoroughly mixed intov and absorbed by the twosteani streams, and 'form with them a single stream of burning fuel, and travelling at a greater velocity than the burning fuel and gases did when leaving burner 1l.

The force of the projection of the fuel from` the burner l1, combined with the greater force of projection of the dry steam from even a single projector 12 into the furnace creates a strong draft of air from the rear into casing 10 which will provide the oxygen necessary for the combustion of the les fuel. However, as this air comes from behind' the fuel'conveying jet, its penetrating speed into the casing 10 being, at its maximum, not more than that of the burning stream into the furnace, its mixture with the fuel may not be as perfect as desired and therefore the combustion of the fuel not complete.

This possible defect I prevent by providing a series of air holes or passages 30 in the casing 10. These air holes, as shown, in Figs. 1 and 5, but now referring more par ticularly to Fig. 1, are located at a certain distance from the mouth of'nozzle 17 between the nozzle and the discharge end of the ycasing 10 in alcircular line around casing 10 where the burning stream is fully formed and begins to fall mpgs directly under the drawing along influence of the higher speed projected steam of projector 12. The air holes or inlets being all around the stream and the air being sucked in with great force, mixes thoroughly with the burning fuel of whatever kind that may be, and the oxygenation or combustion of the burning matter is more completely accomplished, the heatof the stream is intensified and reaches its highest degree when the stream reaches the mass G, a though by regulation of air through holes 30, the stream of burn ing fuel can be in a state of complete combustion on leaving casing 10.

Pit I may be left open as per` Fig. 6, or it may be provided wlth an air register R consisting of any well known commercial form. 'Ihe register shown in Fig. 1 is com posed of a metal casing 20 and a metal sheet wall B overv the aperture of the pit I com rises a perforated base 22 having a pair o longitudinal and parallel channel guides 23 and 24 as in Fig?) for guiding and holding the sliding metal sheet 21. Sheet 21 and base 22 have perforations of similar form and area. By the sliding of sheet 21 backwards or forwards its perforations or apertures may be made to register with those in base 22, or it may be made to decrease theopenings in said base or to close them totally, 1n other words it may be made to graduate and register the amount of air or gas that is to pass into the pit and into casing 10.

In furnaces where the material to be treated or reduced requires onl the amount of heat that may be obtained rom the fuel delivered by the burner 11, and only a certain amount of additional air for their full combustion and heat intensification thereof, base 22l and sliding member 21 will be suficient. But in furnaces where varied ma- Casing 20 which is xedly set in terials may be treated, some of which mayl require a much greater heat, or amount of heat, for reduction or treatment than that which may be obtained from the fuel delivered'by burner 11, ,and to which fuel must be added a further amount of fuel gases, the register R isthen supplemented by a cupola 25 with a 'pipe fla-nge attachment 26 for `connection to a separate fuel gas supply or to the same u-el gas supply that feeds burner 11. A

Cupola 25 may be either made integral with base 22,or separate from it, in which latter case, bot-h parts are provided with adequate flange attachment for assembling together. As already stated, casing 10 and projector 12 are so focalized that the burning streams expansion in the furnace attains an area not greater than that presented by mass G on reaching said mass. The whole heat is therefore concentrated on it, very little of it is deiiected over the mass and lost or escapes by the stack D and thus, the construction of the furnace may be more cheaply accomplished and the operating expenses will be greatly reduced. A Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, 'there I show in general lines a furnace with the same fueland fuel gas conveying apparatus as in Fig. 1, but supplemented with two further means, apparatus and methods to increase the primary stream of burning fuel originating from burner 11. y

One of these consists of a coal pulverizer having a hopper 70 for reception of the coal and an air an 80 for conveying the pulverized coal or coal dust into the zone of an aspirating chamber or casing 51, from which, through the suction or aspiration action of the high' pressure superheated dry steam projector 12, the pulverized coal or coal dust is added to the stream of burning fuel originating from burner 11. The pul- .verizer 60 may be of anyv commercial type adequate for thepurpose, but it should preferably be provided witha stirring device S, to prevent the agglomeration of the coal dust into chunks, or provided with some other means, such as `air separation, in order to insure that. nothing but coal of the ineness desired enters the burning zone, and in order that it may be carried easily by aspiration fromthe chamber or casing 51, supplemented by the blowing force of the air current created by the' fan 80 into casing 10. The pulverizer 60,'the stirring device S and fan 8() may be driven by a motor M or any other suitable method.

The pulverized coal or coal dust is carried into the aspiration chamber 5l vby means of a pipe 50 leading from pulverizer 60 into the aspirating chamber'. This chamber encircles the casing 10 around and over a series of holes 40 cut circumferentially in said casing 10 preferably at a slight distance below the mouth of nozzle 17 of the high pressure, superheated steam projector 12. i l .f The pulverized coal, as said, through the ioo ltlf).

llO

lll

combined action of the air fan or blower 80, and the aspiration from casin 51 is brought into said casing, out ofywhic it is sucked through holes 40 in casing 10 into the primary stream of burning fuel by which it is absorbedl and carried away. But as the air supply from the rear opening in casing 10 may not be suliicient for ,the total combustion of both fuels supplied, and therefore a new supply ot' oxygen becomes necessary. This additional fresh air` supply I provide by theV same means as in Fig. 1, that is, by means ot additional holes 9.0 in case 10 cut behind the aspirating chamber or casing 51, the air suply coming from liess similar to that in the shownin Fig. l.

front end wall B,

The same air registering 'deviceishown in Fig. l, may also bexutilized here, either with or without cupola 25. rlhe object of a cupola with a pipe attachment 26 is primarily that for suppl *ing the original burning fuel stream of burner 11, with an additional supply of 0'as fuel.

The `fluel delivered by burner 11 in Fig. 1, may be liquid fuel, for example. This may kthen be increased by fuel gas coming through cupola :25 which would be connected to t e mains of a fuel gas supply. The air supply would come from the rear air draft in casing 10. f

In Fig. 2, there is shown an a paratus by which the burning fuel stream fiom burner l1 may either be increased by fuel gas onlf as in Fig. 1, or as above described by pu vel-ized coal or coal dust, or, with both fuel gas and coal. The cupola 25 here is provided with an arrangement by means of which the supplemental or additional air supply is furnished through the cupola. This arrangement consists of two half circular rings 27 and 28. adjustably and rotatably mounted around the cupola 25. The ring has a series of holes 27 and the ring 28 has a series of holes 28', the holes of the respective rings being registerable with a series of similar holes 28* inthe cupola. By rotating the whole ring in either direction by means of handles 29, the amount of air admitted through the holes 28*l into the chamber Q9 may be regulated to any degree or closed cou'iplctely. and the air supply for either the pulvcrized coal supply or the fuel ras supply, or for both conjoined supplies may he regulated at will. IVhen only pulrerized coal is supplied. the fuel gas supply should be shut oli', and whenever only fuel gas should be wanted thepulverized coal supply would be closed. In either case, of either single fuel gas supply or combined pulverized co'al andfuel gas supplies, the cupola chamber 29 Vbecomes a mixing chamber for 'the fuel gas and air. ,There is yet a further method to supply additional air to the streamof burning fuel from burner 11,

an air inlet pit H, more or v either alone or increased with fuel gas from the cupola, and this is by means of the pipe 50`of the pulverizing coal supply, the coal supply being shut oil', and air taking the place ofcoal.

, By adding new fuelto the rimary stream of burning fuel originating rom burner 11, the heat of the stream becomes greatly intensiied, and the reduction of the ore or whatever material is to-be treated. and formin the mass G, 4is therefore greatly accelcratef, with a corresponding economy in the general treatment which will more than com ensate the additional installational cost of t e coal pulverizer and the necessary driving appa ratus for same, even if increased by the cost of the air register cupola 25.

The amount of the additional pulverzed coal supply may be regulated by means of various well known methods, one of which may consist of a damper 52 in the supply pipe 50. In the present instance the sup ly regulation may further be obtained by 1ncreasing or decreasing the speed of the driving motor M.

I wish to call particular attention to the fact that by the above and variously described means, apparatus and methods of supplying burning fuel or gases to furnaces for the smeItng, reducing and general treat meut of ores, minerals, metals, etc., I may utilize only one single kind of fuel, or I may utilize various kinds of fuels, at the same time. I may also grade the amount of fuel, of either kind, to be burned, either singly or combined, as well as grade the heat intensity of the burning fuel.

Having thus described my invention it should be understood that there may be further modifications thereof and variations therein without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. The combination with a furnace having a wall and a combustion chamber adjacent to said wall, of a casing assing through said wall at a downward inc ination to the line of the floor of said chamber and communicating at its inner end with said chamber and having at its outer end means for inlet` of air into the casing, a fuel burner arranged in the casing at the outer. end thereof and extending Ainto the casing for discharging therein, a projector arranged inthe casing at the outer end thereof and having its dis charge end in the casing inwardly of the discharge end of the fuel burner for discharging a stream of fluid of greater velocity than the stream of burning fuel so that the burning fuel is drawn along in the casing by induction of the stream of fluid and mingles therewith and is discharged from the inner end of the casing into the combustion chamber at an inclination to the bottom of said llU ing at its inner chamber substantially the same as the inclinationv thereto of said casing, meansfor inlet of air into the casing transversely of the casing inwardly of the discharge end of the projector, and means for regulating the amount of air admitted by the last mentioned air inletimeans.

2. The combination with a furnace having a wall and a combustion chamber adjacent to said wall, of a casing passing through said wall at a downwardinclination to the line of the floor of said chamber and communicating at its inner end with said chamber and having at its outer end means for inlet of air into the casing, a fuel burner arranged in the casing at the outer end thereof and eX- tending into the casing for discharging therein, a projector arranged in the casing at the outer end thereof belowthe fuel burner and having its discharge end in the casing inwardly of the discharge end of the fuel burner for discharging a stream of Vfluid of greater velocity than the stream of burning fuel so that the burning fuel is drawn along in the casing by induction of the stream of fluid and min les therewith and is discharged from t e inner end of the casing into the combustion chamber at an inclination to the bottom of said chamber substantially the same as the inclination thereto of said casing, and a pit in said wall having inlet means at its top, said casing passing through said pit and having apertures therein located inwardly of the discharge end of the projector and communicating with the interior of said pit.

3. The combination with a furnace having a wall and a combustion chamber adjacent to said wall, of a casing passing through said wall at a downward inclination to the line of the vfloor of said chamber and communicatend with said chamber and having at its outer end means for inlet of air into the casing, a fuel burner arranged in the casing at the outer end thereof and extending into the casing for discharging therein, a projector arranged in the casing at the outer end thereof and having its discharge end in the casing inwardly of the discharge end of the fuel burner for discharging a stream of fluid of greater velocity than the stream of burning fuel so that the burning fuel is drawn along in the casing by induction of the stream of fluid and mingles therewith and is discharged from the inner end of the casing into the combustion chamber at an inclination to the bottom of said chamber substantially the same as the inclination thereto of said casing, a pit in said wall, a dome at one end of the pit having inlet means at the top of the dome, and regulatable inlet means cooperating between the interior of said dome and the interior of said pit, said casing passing through said pit and having apertures therein located inwardly of the discharge end of the projector and communicating with the interior of said pit.

4. The combination with a furnace having a wall and a combustion chamber adjacent to said wall, 0f a casing passing through said wall at a downward inclination to the line of the floor of said chamber and communicating at its inner end with said chamber and having at its outer end means for inlet of air into the casing," a fuel burner arranged in the casing at the outer end of the casing and extending into the casing for discharging therein, a projector arranged in the casing at the outer end thereof and having its discharge end in the casing inwardly of the discharge end of the fuel burner for dischar 'ng a stream of fluid of greater velocity t an the stream of burning fuel so that the burning fuel is drawn along in the casing by induction of the stream of fluid and mingles therewith and is discharged from the inner end of the casing at an inclination to the bottom of said chamber substantially the same as the inclination thereto of said casing, va pit in said wall having inlet means at its top, said casing passing through said pit and having apertures therein located inwardly of the discharge end of the projector, means in said pit disposed around saidapertures and forming an aspirating chamber, and means for supplying flowable fuel to said apertures, said casing having apertures therein located inwardly of thc first mentioned apertures and communicating with the interior of said pit. j,

5. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a casing having means for inlet of air at its outer end and having a discharge inner end, a fuel burner arranged in the casing at the outer end thereof and extending into the casing for discharging therein, a projector arranged in the casing at the outer end thereof and having its dis charge end inwarldly of the discharge end of said burner for discharging a stream of fluid of greater velocity than the stream of burning fuel so that the burning fuel is drawn -along in the casing by induction of the stream of fluid and mingles therewith and is discharged from the inner end of the casing, means for providing an aspirating chamber, said casing having apertures therein located inwardly of the discharge end of the projector and communicating with the aspirating chamber, and means for supplying flowable fuel to said apertures. i

6. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a casing having means for iniet of air at its outer end and having a discharge inner end, a fuel burner arranged in the casing at the outer end thereof and extending into the casingfor discharging therein, a projector arranged inthe casing at the outer end thereof and having its discharge end inwardl of the discharge end of said burner for disc arging a stream of iiuid of greater velocity than the stream of burning fuel so that the burning fuel is drawn along in the casing by induction of the stream of fiuid and mingles therewith and is dischar ed from the inner end of the casing, means or providing an aspirating chamber, said casing having apertures therein located inwardly of the discharge end of the projector and communicating with the aspiratmg chamber, means for supplying liowable fuel to said apertures, said casing having` therein apertures located inwardly of the first mentioned apertures, and -means for supplying air to the last mentioned apertures.

7. In apparatus for controlling and directing iiowable fuel during combustion, means for providing a zone of temporary confinement .for the burning fuel and suplying air to the zone in the longitudinal ine of the zone, means for projecting the burning fuel into said zone, means for pro- 'ecting into said zone substantially in the line of projection of the burning fuel and inwardly in said zone of the point of discharge of the burning fuel gaseous fluid of eater velocity than the velocity of the urning fuel; means for supplying air to said zone transversely of the zone at a oint in the zone inwardly of the point o discharge of the Huid projecting means, and means for supplying additional iowable fuel to said zone at a point therein between the point of discharge of said fluid projecting means and the transverse air supplying means.

8. In a paratus for controlling and directing fiowable fuel during combustion, means for providing a zone of temporary confinement for the burning fuel, means for projecting the burning fuel into said zone, means for projectin into said zone substantially parallel to t e line of projection of the burning fuel and inwardly in said zone of the point of discharge of the burning fuel gaseous fluid of greater velocity than the urning fuel, and means for supplying to said zene additional owable fuel inwardly in the zone of the point of discharge of the gaseous fluid.

9. In apparatus for controlling and directing flowable fuel during combustion, a casing for providing a zone of temporary confinement for burning fuel and supplying air to the zone in the longitudinal line of the zone, means for pro'ecting burning fuel into said zone, means orA projectin into said zone substantially in the line o projection of the burning fuel 4and inwardly in said zone of the point of discharge of theburning fuel steam of greater velocity than the velocity of the burning fuel, means for su plying air to said zone transversely of tlEie chamber at a point therein inwardly of the point of discharge of the fluid projectin means, and means for supplying fuel to sai zone transversely of the zone at a point therein between the point of discharge of the steam projecting means and the transverse air supplying means.

10. In apparatus for controlling and directing flowable fuel during combustion, a casing, for providing a zone of temporary confinement for burning fuel and supplying by induction air to the zone in the longitudinal line of the zone, means for projecting the burning fuel into said zone, means for projecting into said zone substantially in the line of projection of the burniner fuel and inwardly in said zone of the polnt of discharge of the burning fuel steam of greater velocity than the velocity of the burning fuel, means for supplying by in` duction air to said zone transversel of the zone at a point therein inwardly of t e point of discharge of the fuel rejecting means, and means for supplying y aspiration additional flowable fuel to said zone transversely of the zone at a point therein between the point of discharge of the steam projecting means and the transverse air supplying means.

11. Iii-apparatus for controllinA and directing ilowable fuel during com ustion, a casing having an opening at one end of the casing for supplying air to the casing longitudinally thereof and having a discharge outlet at its o posite end and having a series of holes t rough the casing for supplying air to the casing transversely thereof and having a second series of holes throu h the casing for supplyin additional fiowab e fuel to the burning fue transversel of the casing, a projector for discharging urning fuel into the casing, and a projector for discharging into the casing fluid of greater velocity than the burning fuel, substantially in the line of projection of the burnin fuel and having its discharge end located 1n the casing inwardly of the discharge end of the first projector, the second series of holes being located in the casing between the dis- A charge end of the second projector and the first series of holes. t

12. In apparatus for controllin recting flowable fuel during comgustion, a casing having an opening at one end for supplying air to the casing longitudinally thereof and having a discharge outlet at its opposite end and having a series of holes through the casing for sup lyin Y air to the casing transversey thereof) and having a second series of holes transversely of the casing, a projector for discharging burning fuel into the casing, a projector for discharging into the casing iiuid of greater velocity than the burning fuel substantially in the line of projection of the burning fuel and dled and havingits discharge end located in the casing inwardly of the discharge end of the first projector, the second series of holes being located in the casing between the discharge end of the second projector and the first series of holes, a pipe for supplying Y additional owable fuel, and means cooperating'between said pipe and the second series of holes forpassage from said pipe of 'said additional fuel."

13. Thev methodof controlling and directing lowable fuel during combustion which consists in projecting the burning fuel into a zone of temporary confinement, rojecting into said zone substantially in `t e line of projection vof the burning fuel and at a oint n said zone inwardly from the point o disl. charge of the burning fuel 1n said zone gaseous uid of greater velocity than the velocity of the burning fuel for drawing along therewith the burning fuel for controlling and directingvthe same, supplying air to said zone substantially in the ine of projection of the burning fuel, supplying air to said zone transversel to the line of projection of the burning uel at a point in the zone inwardly from the point of discharge therein of the gaseous fluid, and supplying additional owable fuel transversely to the line of projection of the burning fuel at a point between the point of discharge in said zone of the gaseous fluid and the point of admission of said transverse air supply.

HENRY ADAMS,